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Deontologija uma ali srca? : modeli sveta etike : Kant in/ali DostojevskiKante, BožidarNa prvi pogled se zdi, da si ne bi mogli zamisliti bolj protislovnih modelov etičnega sveta, kot sta opisana predvsem v zgodnjih Kantovih delih in v Dostojevskega povesti Zapiski iz podtalja. V ... popularni literaturi povezujejo Kanta predvsem s poudarjanjem, da moramo vselej ravnati iz dolžnosti, Dostojevskega pa (še posebej v povesti Zapiski iz podtalja) s pojmom muhaste, neomejene in samovoljne svobodne volje. Nič nenavadnega ni, če sta ti dve poziciji označeni kot "deontologija uma" in "deontologija srca". V prispevku pokažemo, da se je Kant v svojem delu Religija v mejah čistega uma zelo približal stališčem podtalnega človeka. To Kantovo delo prežema - kljub radikalnemu zlu, ki je neizogiben spremljevalni pojav človečnosti - pojem moralnega upanja in božje milosti, ki vodita k odrešitvi človeka. Človek je s spremembo srca - to je beseda, ki jo Kant pogosto uporabi - zmožen prevladovati svoja nagnjenja in postati boljši človek. Četudi Kant ne opredeli podrobno, kaj naj bi ta sprememba srca pomenila, pa je jasno, da se v veliki meri odpoveduje racionalnosti moralnega agenta in postavlja v ospredje pojem svobodne volje. To pa je ravno tisto, kar najde svoj najbolj pregnanten in natancen izraz v razmišljanjih podtalnega človeka.Source: Modeli sveta (Letn. 16, št. 63/64, 2011, str. 269-285)Type of material - article, component part ; adult, seriousPublish date - 2011Language - slovenianCOBISS.SI-ID - 19025928
Author
Kante, Božidar
Topics
Kant, Immanuel, 1724-1804 |
Dostoevskij, Fedor Mihajlovič, 1821-1881 |
etika |
svobodna volja |
etics |
free will
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