The Geographical distribution of allelic diversity, a practical means of preserving and using minor root crop genetic resources
Lebot, Vincent ; Ivančič, Anton, 1953- ; Abraham, Kuttolamadathil
This paper adresses the preservation and use of minor root crop genetic resources, mostly aroids and yams. Conservation id fraught with difficulty: exsitu collections are expensive to maintain and ...methods for on-farm conservation have not been studied. Conventional breeding strategies present serious limitations when applied to these species. Furthermore, the evaluationand distribution of improved material are as problematical as its conservation. The similarities shared by these species regarding their domestication, breeding contraints and improvement strategies as well as farmers' needs, are briefly reviewed. Based on these biological contraints, wepropose a practical alternative to current conservation and breeding strategies. This approach focuses on the geographical distribution of allelic diversiity rather than localized ex situ and/or in situ preservation of genotypes. The practical steps are described and discussed. First, a core sample representing the useful diversity of the species is aasembled from accessions selected for their diverse and distant geographic origins, wide genetic distances, quality, agronomic performances and functional sexuality. Second, the geographical distribution of this core sample, in vitro via a transit centre, allows the direct use of selected genotypes by farmers or for breeding purposes. Third, the distribution of genes is realized in the form ofclones resulting from segregating progenies and, fourth, farmers select clones with local adaptation.
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