Improving diagnostic efficiency in KARDIO: abstractions, constraint propagation and model compilation
Mozetič, Igor ; Pfahringer, Bernhard
The KARDIO system deals with the problem of diagnosing cardiac arrhythmias from symbolic descriptions of electrocardiograms. The system incorporates a qualitative model which simulates the electrical ...activity of the heart. In the paper we outline three methods for an efficient application of a simulation model to diagnosis. First, though abstractions and refinements, the model is represented at several levels of detail. Second, the model is reformulated in terms of constraints which enable efficient propagation of relational dependencies and reduce backtracking. And finally, the model is `compiled` into surface diagnostic rules . Through simulation, a relational table is generated and subsequently compressed into efficient diagnostic rules by inductive learning. A novel contribution to KARDIO, presented here, includes a comparison of diagnostic efficiency and space complexity of five types of knowledge: a simulation model of the heart, a hierarchical four-level model, a model represented in terms of constraints, a relational table, and compressed diagnostic rules.
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