Ultrasonic irradiation of reactive azo dyes [Elektronski vir]
Vajnhandl, Simona ; Majcen Le Marechal, Alenka ; Brodnjak-Vončina, Darinka
Synthetic azo dyes are extensively used in textile, paper and printing industries. It is estimated that 10-15% of the textile dye is lost during the dyeing process and released as effluent. In ...textile wastewaters azo dyes cause serious environmental problems due to their colour, high chemical oxygen demand and poor biodegradation. Furthermore, under anaerobic conditions, aromatic amines are formed which are potential carcinogenic compounds. Recent studies indicate that several advanced oxidation processes like photolysis, ozone and hydrogen peroxide systems, which generate very powerful oxidizing agents like hydroxyl radicals, successfully remove refractory organics from wastewaters. A less common way of generation of hydroxyl radicals is ultrasonic irradiation. Sonochemical degradation of organic pollutants, including textile dyes, has been extensively studied in recent years. The chemical effects of ultrasound resulted primarily from acoustic cavitation which generates sites of locally high temperatures and pressures for a short period of time in the irradiated liquid. In such chemical environment pyrolythic and radical decomposition of organic pollutants can occur.
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