This paper explains the theoretical aspects in the development of anthropometry, living standard and their connection. Insisting on measuring economic indicators only by a "classical" approach does not always yield precise results. Complementary research is sometimes needed as well as a multidisciplinary approach to some research problems with the aim of getting as precise results as possible. Conclusion reached through this research points to a very close connection between anthropometry and living standard, and suggests that anthropometric measurements should be included in future research of the living standard in the Republic of Croatia. This would be a challenge for researches in using and connecting different scientific approaches in order to resolve a common scientific problem. Secondary data has been used in this paper, which led the researchers to conclude that anthropometry, as the science of human body measurements, is closely connected to economic indicators of living standard, welfare and calculation of the poverty line. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT