Inflammatory epithelial diseases are spurred by the concomitant dysregulation of immune and epithelial cells. How these two dysregulated cellular compartments simultaneously sustain their heightened metabolic demands is unclear. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics (ST), along with immunofluorescence, revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), downstream of IL-17 signaling, drove psoriatic epithelial remodeling. Blocking HIF1α in human psoriatic lesions ex vivo impaired glycolysis and phenocopied anti-IL-17 therapy. In a murine model of skin inflammation, epidermal-specific loss of HIF1α or its target gene, glucose transporter 1, ameliorated epidermal, immune, vascular, and neuronal pathology. Mechanistically, glycolysis autonomously fueled epithelial pathology and enhanced lactate production, which augmented the γδ T17 cell response. RORγt-driven genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of either lactate-producing enzymes or lactate transporters attenuated epithelial pathology and IL-17A expression in vivo. Our findings identify a metabolic hierarchy between epithelial and immune compartments and the consequent coordination of metabolic processes that sustain inflammatory disease. Display omitted •HIF1α is activated in psoriatic epidermis and associated with IL-17A•Ablating epithelial HIF1α curbs vascular, nervous, and immune skin pathology•HIF1α-induced epithelial glycolysis directs multisystemic skin pathology•Lactate, a glycolysis byproduct, potentiates the underlying γδ T17 response How immune and epithelial cells simultaneously fuel their dysfunction in chronic skin diseases is unclear. Subudhi and Konieczny et al. find that IL-17-induced epithelial HIF1α activates glycolysis, which potentiates the γδ T17 response via lactate. This metabolic circuit drives multisystems pathology and can be targeted in inflammatory disease.