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Sugime, Yasuhiro; Oguchi, Kohei; Gotoh, Hiroki; Hayashi, Yoshinobu; Matsunami, Masatoshi; Shigenobu, Shuji; Koshikawa, Shigeyuki; Miura, Toru
Development, 03/2019, Volume: 146, Issue: 5Journal Article
In social insects, interactions among colony members trigger caste differentiation with morphological modifications. In termite soldier differentiation, the mandible size considerably increases through two moltings (via the presoldier stage) under the control of juvenile hormone (JH). Regulatory genes are predicted to provide patterning information that induces the mandible-specific cell proliferation. To identify factors responsible for the mandibular enlargement, expression analyses of 18 candidate genes were carried out in the termite Among those, ( ), which identifies the intermediate domain along the proximodistal appendage axis, showed mandible-specific upregulation prior to the molt into presoldiers, which can explain the pattern of cell proliferation for the mandibular elongation. Knockdown of by RNAi reduced the mandibular length and distorted its morphology. Furthermore, the epistatic relationships among , , ( ) and were revealed by combined RNAi and qRT-PCR analyses, suggesting that is regulated by , downstream of the JH and insulin signaling pathways. Thus, caste-specific morphogenesis is controlled by interactions between the factors that provide spatial information and physiological status.
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