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Magliocca, Aurora; Olivari, Davide; De Giorgio, Daria; Zani, Davide; Manfredi, Martina; Boccardo, Antonio; Cucino, Alberto; Sala, Giulia; Babini, Giovanni; Ruggeri, Laura; Novelli, Deborah; Skrifvars, Markus B; Hardig, Bjarne Madsen; Pravettoni, Davide; Staszewsky, Lidia; Latini, Roberto; Belloli, Angelo; Ristagno, Giuseppe
Journal of the American Heart Association, 01/2019, Volume: 8, Issue: 1Journal Article
Background Mechanical chest compression (CC) is currently suggested to deliver sustained high-quality CC in a moving ambulance. This study compared the hemodynamic support provided by a mechanical piston device or manual CC during ambulance transport in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods and Results In a simulated urban ambulance transport, 16 pigs in cardiac arrest were randomized to 18 minutes of mechanical CC with the LUCAS (n=8) or manual CC (n=8). ECG, arterial and right atrial pressure, together with end-tidal CO and transthoracic impedance curve were continuously recorded. Arterial lactate was assessed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and after resuscitation. During the initial 3 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the ambulance was stationary, while then proceeded along a predefined itinerary. When the ambulance was stationary, CC-generated hemodynamics were equivalent in the 2 groups. However, during ambulance transport, arterial and coronary perfusion pressure, and end-tidal CO were significantly higher with mechanical CC compared with manual CC (coronary perfusion pressure: 43±4 versus 18±4 mmHg; end-tidal CO : 31±2 versus 19±2 mmHg, P<0.01 at 18 minutes). During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, arterial lactate was lower with mechanical CC compared with manual CC (6.6±0.4 versus 8.2±0.5 mmol/L, P<0.01). During transport, mechanical CC showed greater constancy compared with the manual CC, as represented by a higher CC fraction and a lower transthoracic impedance curve variability ( P<0.01). All animals in the mechanical CC group and 6 (75%) in the manual one were successfully resuscitated. Conclusions This model adds evidence in favor of the use of mechanical devices to provide ongoing high-quality CC and tissue perfusion during ambulance transport.
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