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Gaensler, B. M; Kouveliotou, C; Gelfand, J. D; Taylor, G. B; Eichler, D; Wijers, R. A. M. J; Granot, J; Ramirez-Ruiz, E; Lyubarsky, Y. E; Hunstead, R. W; Campbell-Wilson, D; van der Horst, A. J; McLaughlin, M. A; Fender, R. P; Garrett, M. A; Newton-McGee, K. J; Palmer, D. M; Gehrels, N; Woods, P. M
Nature, 04/2005, Volume: 434, Issue: 7037Journal Article
Soft γ-ray repeaters (SGRs) are 'magnetars', a small class of slowly spinning neutron stars with extreme surface magnetic fields, B 1015 gauss (refs 1 , 2 -3). On 27 December 2004, a giant flare was detected from the magnetar SGR 1806 - 20 (ref. 2), only the third such event recorded. This burst of energy was detected by a variety of instruments and even caused an ionospheric disturbance in the Earth's upper atmosphere that was recorded around the globe. Here we report the detection of a fading radio afterglow produced by this outburst, with a luminosity 500 times larger than the only other detection of a similar source. From day 6 to day 19 after the flare from SGR 1806 - 20, a resolved, linearly polarized, radio nebula was seen, expanding at approximately a quarter of the speed of light. To create this nebula, at least 4 × 1043 ergs of energy must have been emitted by the giant flare in the form of magnetic fields and relativistic particles.
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