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Mariani, Samanta Antonella; Li, Zhuan; Rice, Siobhan; Krieg, Carsten; Fragkogianni, Stamatina; Robinson, Mark; Vink, Chris Sebastiaan; Pollard, Jeffrey William; Dzierzak, Elaine
Immunity, 06/2019, Volume: 50, Issue: 6Journal Article
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are generated from specialized endothelial cells of the embryonic aorta. Inflammatory factors are implicated in regulating mouse HSC development, but which cells in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) microenvironment produce these factors is unknown. In the adult, macrophages play both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles. We sought to examine whether macrophages or other hematopoietic cells found in the embryo prior to HSC generation were involved in the AGM HSC-generative microenvironment. CyTOF analysis of CD45+ AGM cells revealed predominance of two hematopoietic cell types, mannose-receptor positive macrophages and mannose-receptor negative myeloid cells. We show here that macrophage appearance in the AGM was dependent on the chemokine receptor Cx3cr1. These macrophages expressed a pro-inflammatory signature, localized to the aorta, and dynamically interacted with nascent and emerging intra-aortic hematopoietic cells (IAHCs). Importantly, upon macrophage depletion, no adult-repopulating HSCs were detected, thus implicating a role for pro-inflammatory AGM-associated macrophages in regulating the development of HSCs. Display omitted •Yolk-sac-derived macrophages are the most abundant hematopoietic cells in the AGM•Cx3cr1 mediates yolk-sac macrophage progenitor recruitment to the AGM niche•AGM macrophages dynamically interact with emerging intra-aortic hematopoietic cells•Pro-inflammatory AGM macrophages are positive regulators of HSC generation HSC-independent macrophages derive from the early yolk-sac stages of embryonic hematogenesis. Mariani and colleagues demonstrate that specific pro-inflammatory embryonic HSC-independent macrophages recruited to the AGM (AGM-aMs) are crucial components of the AGM microenvironment, dynamically interact with emerging hematopoietic cells, and enhance HSC generation.
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