...g-HAT cases in nonendemic countries mainly occur in expatriates or refugees, who are usually diagnosed in the second stage and after a protracted diagnostic process 4. Since it is rare in nonendemic countries, physicians may not suspect or find it difficult to diagnose this disease, especially if fever and/or unspecific complaints are the only presenting symptoms. An accurate anamnesis, including travel history and incubation and prodromal periods, together with a thorough physical examination, is helpful to guide the diagnostic workup. r-HAT is usually easy to diagnose by blood smear examination, as parasitaemia in these patients tends to be high 8. Case description On 31 August 2015, a 49-year-old Spanish woman attended the Tropical Medicine Outpatient Clinic (OC) of the Hospital Clínic in Barcelona, Spain, presenting with fever. ...she visited Lake Enyasi and Manyara National Park before returning to Arusha; from there, she travelled back to Barcelona on 30th August. During her OC visit, she was febrile with axillar temperature of 38°C and had a 1x1 cm erythematous nodule in the left side of her neck, suggestive of arthropod bite. A blood film did not show malaria parasites, and serum was collected for Dengue and Chikungunya serology and polymerase chain reaction, together with blood cultures.