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Leung, Daniel; Chua, Gilbert T; Mondragon, Alric V; Zhong, Youjia; Nguyen-Ngoc-Quynh, Le; Imai, Kohsuke; Vignesh, Pandiarajan; Suratannon, Narissara; Mao, Huawei; Lee, Wen-I; Kim, Yae-Jean; Chan, Godfrey C F; Liew, Woei Kang; Huong, Le Thi Minh; Kanegane, Hirokazu; Muktiarti, Dina; Zhao, Xiaodong; Santos-Ocampo, Fatima Johanna; Latiff, Amir Hamzah Abdul; Seger, Reinhard; Ochs, Hans D; Singh, Surjit; Lee, Pamela P; Lau, Yu Lung
Frontiers in immunology, 08/2020, Volume: 11Journal Article
The Asia Pacific Society for Immunodeficiencies (APSID) conducted nine primary immunodeficiency (PID) Schools in 5 years since inauguration to provide PID care training for early career physicians in Asia Pacific, a region with divergent needs in PID resources and training. To identify differences in PID patient care resource and training needs across Asia Pacific and propose a corresponding action plan. The Human Development Index (HDI) indicates the degree of socio-economic development in each country/region. Information related to investigations and learning issues were extracted from the abstracts and personal statements from all Schools and mapped onto resource and training needs. Correlations between HDI and country/region-specific parameters were tested by two-tailed Pearson correlation. A total of 427 abstracts were received in nine Schools between 2015 and 2020, predominantly on immunodeficiencies affecting cellular and humoral immunity. Genetic confirmation was described in 61.8% of abstracts, and its absence negatively correlated with HDI ( = -0.696, = 0.004). Essential immunologic and genetic tests were not available in 25.4 and 29.5% of abstracts, respectively, and their absence negatively correlated with HDI ( = -0.788, < 0.001; = -0.739, = 0.002). HDI positively correlated with average testing level ( = 0.742, = 0.002). Cases from medium-HDI countries/regions focused on learning how to investigate a patient for PIDs in cases of severe or atypical infections, whereas those from very-high-HDI countries/regions, from which most faculty members originated, listed hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy, newborn screening, and research as learning issues more frequently. There are unique HDI-related PID resource and training needs in each country/region. APSID proposes HDI group-specific strategies to improve PID care and education in her member countries/regions. Further quantitative analysis of needs in PID care in Asia Pacific is needed for lobbying governments to increase their support for PID care and research.
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