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Belik, Milja; Jalkanen, Pinja; Lundberg, Rickard; Reinholm, Arttu; Laine, Larissa; Väisänen, Elina; Skön, Marika; Tähtinen, Paula A; Ivaska, Lauri; Pakkanen, Sari H; Häkkinen, Hanni K; Ortamo, Eeva; Pasternack, Arja; Ritvos, Mikael A; Naves, Rauno A; Miettinen, Simo; Sironen, Tarja; Vapalahti, Olli; Ritvos, Olli; Österlund, Pamela; Kantele, Anu; Lempainen, Johanna; Kakkola, Laura; Kolehmainen, Pekka; Julkunen, Ilkka
Nature communications, 05/2022, Volume: 13, Issue: 1Journal Article
Two COVID-19 mRNA (of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) and two adenovirus vector vaccines (ChAdOx1 and Janssen) are licensed in Europe, but optimization of regime and dosing is still ongoing. Here we show in health care workers (n = 328) that two doses of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or a combination of ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector and mRNA vaccines administrated with a long 12-week dose interval induce equally high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against D614 and Delta variant. By contrast, two doses of BNT162b2 with a short 3-week interval induce 2-3-fold lower titers of neutralizing antibodies than those from the 12-week interval, yet a third BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 booster dose increases the antibody levels 4-fold compared to the levels after the second dose, as well as induces neutralizing antibody against Omicron BA.1 variant. Our data thus indicates that a third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine may induce cross-protective neutralizing antibodies against multiple variants.
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