Transparent linear NIR digital graphics with the intention of security information were printed on a polypropylene material. A label for expensive juices in transparent glass or plastic packaging is ...demonstrated. Obligatory information about the contents of the liquid was made to be read with the naked eye. The "Z" (near-infrared) information is expanded with data integrated for joint digital printing. This data does not disrupt the original, planned visual appearance of the label, "V" (visible). Although the two graphics are in the same place, the IR graphics on the label cannot be discerned with the naked eye. This brings elements of secrecy and protection against attempts to counterfeit the contents of the transparent packaging. The separation and recognition of the two pieces of information, V and Z, are achieved with a security camera in the near-infrared mode or with one of the many NIR detectors that surround us. In the article, the "VZ" algorithm for the integration of two independent graphics and the limitations set by digital printing are published. Toner properties and the method for developing the recipes for the composition of twin colorants for two spectral ranges are presented using spectroscopy.
This study focuses on the properties of reflection and absorption of light in the visible and near infrared range of acrylic dyes and related materials for coloring. The research aims to understand ...the use of acrylic dyes in fine arts and to simulate these dyes for printing purposes. Two groups of acrylic dyes were studied using spectroscopy to determine their light absorption properties in the visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) regions. The measurements were performed with forensic cameras equipped with 24 light filters in the range of 400–1000 nm. The results of the digital recordings were compared with video surveillance cameras that operate and record during the day and night. The same color had at least two formulations of dyes for print reproduction to simulate what the naked eye sees and to simulate light absorption in the NIR spectrum. The study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the properties of acrylic paints and related materials, considering how they can be used in fine arts and how to simulate them in printing.
Engineering research is bases on experiments that give answers how different influential process factors can impact an outcome. Therefore, the research plot has to be designed in order to capture a ...valid analysis of the results. Many research project use research methodologies as a help to reach the answers in a technical point of view and to determinate the laws of the controlled input variables on the experimental outcome. This paper will show a realistic usage of the response surface methodology with an CCD experimental plan for 2 influence factors on a welding example using FCAW welding process in order to investigate the hydrogen input and the critical implant stress upon changing the heat input and preheat temperature and to define the weldability of API 5L X80 steel welds
This paper addresses the challenges associated with the centralized storage of educational materials in the context of a fragmented and disparate database. In response to the increasing demands of ...modern education, efficient and accessible retrieval of materials for educators and students is essential. This paper presents a hybrid model based on the transformer framework and utilizing an API for an existing large language model (LLM)/chatbot. This integration ensures precise responses drawn from a comprehensive educational materials database. The model architecture uses mathematically defined algorithms for precise functions that enable deep text processing through advanced word embedding methods. This approach improves accuracy in natural language processing and ensures both high efficiency and adaptability. Therefore, this paper not only provides a technical solution to a prevalent problem but also highlights the potential for the continued development and integration of emerging technologies in education. The aim is to create a more efficient, transparent, and accessible educational environment. The importance of this research lies in its ability to streamline material access, benefiting the global scientific community and contributing to the continuous advancement of educational technology.
In this paper, the fusion of four graphics into one integrated graphic is selectively observed in the visible and infrared spectrum. Each graphic represents its own information derived from the ...following sources: vector graphics, drawing, photograph and textual information. One graphic will be visible to the naked eye after the print. The other graphics will be observed with an NIR surveillance camera. These other graphics are nested into the selected visible graphics. All the graphics together make up a security print product with the characteristics of an individual solution with multilayered elements. Reprinting is possible only for the person in possession of the solution created according to the algorithm based on the INFRAREDESIGN® method. When these graphics are printed on paper, it is impossible to produce an identical graphic prepress (C, M, Y, K) to produce forgery with the same dual properties in the visible and NIR spectrum.
In this paper, we publish the algorithm to create a dual image manifested in the infrared and visible spectrum. To distinguish the information in the two light spectra, twin dyes are introduced for ...the inkjet plotter and printing realization for garment and canvas items. The graphics, invisible to the naked eye, are designed for the near infrared (NIR) spectrum and are suitable for urban security where surveillance cameras with IR detectors are installed. The duality of dyes is presented in tables, and the analysis is a basis for programming and developing new algorithms for the application of “Infrared Dyeing” on different materials and printing technologies. Through spectroscopy, this innovative solution demonstrates twin colorants by printing in one pass through the plotter such that one image remains visible, while the other one is hidden to the bare eye. The uniform and the school bag cover presented in this paper are kept simple in design because they incorporate information hidden to the naked eye but visible with surveillance cameras and all the other infrared detectors. The article provides mathematical models of duality coloring as a basis for programming the graphic prepress that merges both of the images, the visual one and the infrared one. A topic is the fusion of two images with colors that represent two graphs, with independent contents for the visual and near-infrared spectrum.
The INFRAREDESIGNR is introduced into the fabric dyeing technology in order to give a new dimension to security cameras in urban areas. The visible pattern of colors also contains a carefully ...designed hidden image. The hidden image is detected instrumentally in the infrared area. The arrangement of pigments on the fabric is determined using computer graphics by programming dual, "twin" colorants. Recipes for ink components consisting of colorants cyan, magenta, yellow and black are proposed in this article. The inks differ in monochromatic photography in the near-infrared spectrum. The clothes have two images, two independent pieces of information. One is intended for the visible spectrum and can be seen with the naked eye in daylight. The other image is separated (detected) with a camera which "sees" the intended infrared graphics. Cameras in the streets of our cities observe the environment during the day and night. Through the lens of the "night camera", the interested observer discovers messages designed on his or her favorite brand. The clothes are given new value in the eyes of the observer; the brand is elevated to a new level of "dual communication". Security print is a combination of vector and pixel graphics which manifests itself in the visible and near-infrared spectrum.
The focus of this paper is the introduction of new security elements into the authenticity of information on documents which concern the traceability of products. This article proposes dual marking ...using the infrared printing technology, which involves differences between the visible and infrared spectrum and separate detection of certain information with an infrared camera. Each meat product is assigned a unique designation, embedded in the document and hidden from the naked eye, in order to prevent changing, scanning or modifying with currently known techniques. A product receives a certificate with a security approval which carries information about the complete traceability of the product. A new central data registry which collects information from all necessary sources is proposed. The web portal and the accompanying database are designed to work in the cloud. The security of the exchange of data between the server and the user is ensured. The information about the traceability and the delineation between the visible and infrared hidden are approved and coordinated by the relevant authorities, breeders, distributors and sellers. The design of the entire information presents completely transparent information about the products to the end consumer.
The method of mixing pigments for the printing technology is expanded with the addition of dual states in security graphics. Near-infrared spectroscopy of colorants used in the offset technique has ...brought about the concept of targeted design by a selective use of colorants that are visible in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. High-security documents have been observed in the NIR light based on twin colorants which are differentiated according to their NIR absorption in the range from 800 to 1000 nm. New procedures have been developed based on the innovative creation of documents with hidden information. Two graphics are combined with mutating screen elements. A mathematical definition of the new printing screen and an algorithm in PostScript are given. The designer plans and creates graphics, which originate from the twin colorants, by using the INFRAREDESIGN® method. The dual design was investigated using visual and infrared cameras for the forensic area. The components of colorants are determined by the spectroscopy of light absorption with filters in the visual and NIR spectrum.
Safety graphics on drug packaging are presented using infrared colorants according to the recipe for VZ twins for offset printing. The mathematical model of the individual shape of raster (screen) ...elements, “the FourHorns” (FH), is presented here along with the performance solution in PostScript. Safety procedures have been expanded with linear typography print, but by using low resolution screens on the border of recognition. The design was applied in the print on drug packaging subject to different weather conditions which affect and change the color tone of V and Z twins during longer time periods. The visual design (V) is shown and transformed into near infrared spectrum (Z) using the method of digital animation. The presentation is based on the methods of creating animated movies by combining eight photographs which were made using a forensic camera with light filters for the range from 400 to 1000 nanometers. The visual and near infrared absorption of sunlight is shown in continuity, including the Z1 and Z2 area of wavelengths.
PDF
