V Sloveniji se v zadnjih letih srečujemo z zastoji pri vključevanju mladih (tudi) s terciarno izobrazbo na trg dela. Na zaposljivost posameznika poleg zunanjih dejavnikov, na katere nimamo ...neposrednega vpliva, vplivajo osebnostne lastnosti, prizadevanja, volja in podobno. Dobra zaposljivost pomeni opolnomočenje, da posameznik skozi proces vseživljenjskega učenja nastopa na trgu dela trajnostno, tako da uresničuje svoje karierne cilje ter s svojim ustvarjalnim delom prispeva k svojemu zadovoljstvu in uspehu ter uspehu skupnosti. Na slovenskih univerzah so bili karierni centri ustanovljeni, da bi pripomogli k dvigu zaposljivosti diplomantov. Po petih letih delovanja Kariernega centra Univerze v Ljubljani (od leta 2008) prihajamo do podobnih izkušenj kot v drugih kariernih centrih evropskih univerz, da je učinkovitost spodbujanja in omogočanja razvoja dobre zaposljivosti večja tedaj, ko so karierni centri s svojimi aktivnostmi intenzivneje vključeni v same študijske procese.
In the Republic of Slovenia, women constitute more than half of the active
labour force and a large majority are employed full-time. The numerous and
intensive employment of women in this region is a ...matter of long tradition
and is historically speaking comparatively unique. Ultimately, an explanation
as to why in this region we can observe the employment of women in the
modern era from an analysis of available sources remains open. In addition to
answering the question why, research can lead to an understanding of how, in
which ways, in what conditions, and with what consequences women in Slovenia
actively engaged in the paid labour market. Thus, for example, retrograde
analyses reveal the legal framework of female paid labour in the contemporary
Slovenian labour market as a consequence of historical development and persistent
original laws. Important discoveries, which are related to the current
status of women in the Slovenian labour market, confront us with the stark
feminization (with all of its attendant consequences) of entire types of occupation
which we can include in the service industries of the tertiary sector, for
example, retail (mainly small retail), hospitality, banking, etc., and in the area
of consumer services such as health, education, and social services. Within the
secondary sector of the economy female labour was especially concentrated
in labour intensive industries such as food processing and the manufacture of
textiles. The distribution of women among these industries in Slovenia took
place at the time these industries began to develop, that is, in the last decade
of the 19th century and in the first decade of the 20th century. We can propose
the thesis that following the entry of women into the labour market they were
able to transform areas of traditional work, such as food preparation, textile
manufacture, and caring for the sick, into paid labour. These were tasks
that were ascribed as natural to women. Nonetheless, these were considered
unproductive occupations, which were obligatory for women. As a result they
were given lesser significance and value. Hence, what remains problematic to
this day is that these jobs were paid less and allotted lesser social status.
Visoka radna aktivnost žena u Sloveniji (Kranjska, Dravska banovina, SR Slovenija, Republika Slovenija) je, kako na području i u vrijeme Austro-Ugarske, Kraljevine Jugoslavije, SFRJ tako i u sklopu ...europske integracije tj. EU, usporediva posebnost. Uz to treba
naglasiti da su u nas žene inače češće djelovale u svijetu mjerljivog rada, nego što je to značajka drugih usporedivih prostora, ali da su to ipak radile na posebne načine. Iako su u nas žene stupile na tržište rada u isto vrijeme kao i muškarci, za njih su vrijedila drukčija pravila, pa su i posljedice prijelaza na kapitalističke načine stjecanja drukčije. Za ženski rad na tržištu plaćenog rada možemo oblikovati tri aksioma koji imaju zbog svoje stereotipne ustrajnosti još i danas negativne učinke na položaj žena u svijetu mjerljivoga
rada: 1. žene su za jednak rad plaćene manje nego muškarci; 2. zanimanja koja se feminiziraju gube na društvenoj moći i 3. još uvijek ustraje podjela na muška i žena zanimanja.
PDF
