Silica nanococoons with coiled or concentric circular pore channels in the walls attracted much attention, recently. However, the formation of them is not well illustrated. Herein, hollow silica ...shells with organized pore channels parallel to the shell surface were prepared through a single-templating method using the self-assemblies of a chiral low-molecular-weight amphiphile, L-18Phe6PyBr, as templates under a dilute concentration. These nano- cocoons were characterized using X-ray diffractometer and N2 sorption. The formation of them was clearly shown in the field-emission electron microscopy images which were taken at a low voltage. Moreover, transmission elec- tron microscopy images taken after different reaction times indicated a cooperative self-assemble mechanism. It was also found that the nanocoons were formed from coiled nanoribbons.
From June 2003 to June 2004, an investigation on the life cycle, production and trophic basis of dominant species of macrozoobenthos community in a second-order river of the Hanjiang River basin, ...Hubei, China was carded out. The results showed that the dominant species Leptophlebia sp. and Ephemera sp. appeared to develop two generations per year, and there was a small overlap in the two generations of both species. The pupation of Leptophlebia sp. mainly occurred in autumn and winter, while pupation of Ephemera sp. mainly took place in summer and winter. The standing stocks of the Leptophlebia sp. population and Ephemera sp. population had two peaks in a year. The cohort production and cohort P/B ratio of the Leptophlebia sp. population estimated by size frequency method were 19.018 1 g/m^2.a and 5.7 respectively, while its annual production and P/B ratio were 38.036 2 g/m^2.a and 11.4. The cohort production and cohort P/B ratio of the Ephemera sp. population were 38.015 9 g/m^2.a and 5.9, while its annual production and P/B ratio were 76.031 8 g/m^2.a and 11.8.
Starvation metabolism is one of the important parts of respiration for normal activities of chironomids. During April 1996 to March 1997, the relationships of starvation metabolism and temperature, ...body weight of two common chironomids in Biandantang Lake were carefully investigated. The results showed relationship between starvation metabolism （R, mgO2/ind.d） and body weight （Ww, mg wet wt） was： Chironomus plumosus, 1gR=-2.573＋1.0211gWw （5℃）, 1gR=-2.710＋1.3541gWw （10℃）, 1gR= -1.824＋0.8231gWw （15℃）, 1gR=-1.364＋0.4421gWw （20℃）, 1gR=-2.763＋1.5171gWw （25℃）; and Tokunagayusurika akamusi, 1gR=-2.390＋0.7521gWw （5℃）, 1gR=-1.978＋0.7101gWw （10℃）, 1gR=-1.676＋ 0.6481gWw （15℃）, 1gR=-1.517＋0.6501gWw （20℃）, 1gR=-2.434＋1.2901gWw （25℃）. Relationship of starvation metabolism and temperature （T, ℃） was： C. plumosus, R = -0.051 ＋ 0.021T- 0.0006T^2 ; akamusi, R= -0.051 ＋ 0.021T- 0.0006T^2. The complex relationship of the three parameters was： C. plumosus, R=0.0098Ww^0.3882e^0.1068T; T. akamusi, R=0.0012Ww^1.1936e^0.0711r. With the above regressions, the estimated annual starvation metabolisms of the two chironomid species in Biandantang Lake were： C. plumosus, 24.2791 kJ/m^2.a; T. akamusi, 8.7864 kJ/m^2.a, respectively. This provides a firm foundation for the comparative study of bioenergetics of the chironomids.
Mayflies constitute a major part of macroinvertebrate biomass and production in Iotic ecosystems, and play an important role in material cycle and energy flow. There are more than 250 species of ...mayflies in rivers and streams of China. In order to learn their ecological functions, an investigation on life cycle, production and trophic basis of dominant species of mayflies in a second-order branch of Hanjiang River basin, Hubei, China was carried out during June 2003 to June 2004. The results showed that the dominant mayfly species Epeorus sp. and Caenis sp. developed two generations per year; in term of Epeorus sp., pupation mainly occurred in spring and then from late summer to early autumn, while Caenis sp. pupated in spring and autumn. The abundance and biomass of the Epeorus sp. population peaked twice （1 226 ind/m^2, 3.142 5g/m^2） in April and June. Caenis sp. also had two peaks （307ind/m^2, 1.590 g/m^2）, but in February and June. Cohort production and cohort P/B ratio of Epeorus sp. were 161.009 g/m2 wet weight and 7.7, respectively, and annual production and P/B ratio were 267.46g/m^2.a wet weight and 15.4, respectively; cohort production and P/B ratio of Caenis sp. were 26.7995g/m^2 wet weight and 4.7, its annual production and P/B ratio were 53.60 g/m2.a wet weight and 9.4, respectively. For Epeorus sp., the proportions contributing to secondary production of the main food types were： amorphous detritus, 33.46%; fungi, 10.83%; vascular plant detritus, 1.80%; diatoms, 53.90%; for Caenis sp., the proportions were 70.79%, 6.90%, 3.52% and 18.77%, respectively.
Let S = {（St1,···,Std ）}t≥0 denote a d-dimensional sub-fractional Brownian motion with index H ≥ 1/2. In this paper we study some properties of the process X of the formwhere Rt = ...（（St1）2＋···＋（Std）2）~1/2 is the sub-fractional Bessel process.
In this article, we study a least squares estimator （LSE） of θ for the Ornstein- Uhlenbeck process X0=0,dXt=θXtdt＋dBt^ab, t ≥ 0 driven by weighted fractional Brownian motion B^a,b with parameters a, ...b. We obtain the consistency and the asymptotic distribution of the LSE based on the observation {Xs, s∈0,t} as t tends to infinity.
Energy flow of the macrozeobenthic community in an algal lake, Houhu Lake (Wuhan, China) was investigated from April, 1996 to March, 1997. The estimated consumption of the community was 2522.7 ...kJ/(m^2·a) ; defecation was 2049.1 kJ/(m^2·a) ; metabolism 371.2 kJ/(m^2·a) ; excretion 34.7 kJ/(m^2·a) and production 67.7 kJ/(m^2·a). The assimilation rate of the community was 19% ; and 81% of its ingestion was defecated. The computed net growth efficiencywas 14%, much lower than most reported values, which meant that the maerozoobenthie community in Houhu Lake utilized food less effectively.
碩士
國立臺北科技大學
資源工程研究所
104
The developments of green energy have been more important in the background of energy depletion. The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is one of potential technologies mentioned in ...the recent years. Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) is the conventional electrolyte material of SOFC with higher oxide ion conductivity at 1000°C. Nowadays due to higher manufacturing cost and application limitations of YSZ, research focus on LaGaO3 based material (LSGM) at intermediate temperature, operating temperature at 600°C to 800°C.
In this study, synthesized LaGaO3 based perovskite structure electrolyte material of SOFC was doped with Sr, Ba, Mg and Zn in the A and B sites by combustion method. The crystal phase characteristic of the nine proportions of La1-x(SrBa)xGa1-y(MgZn)yO3-on orthogonal array L9(34) were discussed by XRD analysis, and then calculated the phase purity though software Jade6. We use Taquchi method to get the optimal parameter La0.7Sr0.225Ba0.075Ga0.9Mg0.1O3-δ, and the optimal parameter makes phase purity 15% more than the original parameter. The predictive value of design optimization shows good agreement with the experimental result, so we can conclude the experiment is reliable.
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