외로움과 사회적 고립 척도의 개발 및 타당화 연구 황수진(Soo Jin Hwang); 홍진표(Jin Pyo Hong); 안지현(Ji Hyun An) ...
Singyŏng chŏngsin ŭihak,
11/2021, Letnik:
60, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Objectives To develop a Loneliness and Social Isolation scale (LSIS) that can measure both social isolation and loneliness in order to understand the degree of social isolation in Korea. Exploratory ...and confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the factorial validity of the scale.
Methods The subjects of the study were 300 adults aged 19 or older who visited Samsung Medical Center and voluntarily expressed their willingness to participate in this research. Exploratory factor analysis (n=150) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=150) were conducted to construct the factorial structure model and to determine the model fit.
Results Exploratory factor analysis showed a three-factor structure with a total variance of 65.8%; factor 1 consisted of social support, factor 2 of social networks, and factor 3 of items representing loneliness. After conducting confirmatory factor analysis on the three-factor models, a three-factor model consisting of 8 items (LSIS-8) and a three-factor model consisting of 6 items (LSIS-6) showed significant goodness-of-fit. Internal consistency for all items was good (Cronbach’s α=0.774), and correlations with existing social isolation and loneliness measures were significant.
Conclusion This study is meaningful as provides a tool that comprehensively measures social support, social networks, and loneliness. We believe that the application of such tools that are relatively easy to apply in communities will aid understanding of the current state of social isolation and loneliness in Korea. KCI Citation Count: 0
Objectives This study examined the stigma against social withdrawal syndrome (hikikomori) among mental health practitioners, and compared levels of stigma against social withdrawal syndrome versus ...mental illness.
Methods The participants were 133 mental health practitioners (28 males, 105 females) with experience of social withdrawal syndrome that self-reported levels of stigma against social withdrawal syndrome and mental illness.
Results Stigma against social withdrawal syndrome was generally significantly lower than stigma against mental illness. However, mental health practitioners tended to agree they would be reluctant to become personally involved with a person that had experienced social withdrawal syndrome (e.g., dating, hiring). Levels of stigma also differed across mental health occupations.
Conclusion This study suggests although mental health practitioners may generally have less negative attitudes toward social withdrawal syndrome in the context of mental illness, that they may also have some reservations about personal interactions with individuals with social withdrawal syndrome. KCI Citation Count: 0
Objective This study aims to investigate the prevalence and psychological impact of social isolation and loneliness in South Korea. Loneliness and social isolation have been regarded as a risk to ...both physical and mental health. However, most studies have focused on the elderly; hence, there are limited studies on the characteristics of socially isolated or lonely people considering age.Methods A sample of 1,700 participants was selected from three major cities in South Korea. In-person interviews were conducted to evaluate loneliness, social isolation and mental health status.Results Among the participants, the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness was 17.8% and 4.1%, respectively. Males decreased the odds of loneliness (AOR 0.49, 95% CI=0.28–0.87), while increasing the odds of social isolation (AOR 1.44, 95% CI=1.12–1.86) after adjusting for age and sex. Greater depressive and social phobic symptoms were associated with increased odds of loneliness and social isolation.Conclusion Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent among Koreans and associated with depression, social phobic symptoms, and suicidality. This study provides a foundation for further research to investigate nationwide prevalence and a more in-depth analysis of loneliness and social isolation.
The goal of the study was to examine the prevalence and psychiatric comorbidities of Internet addiction in a nationwide sample of Korean adults. Among a total of 6,022 participants involved in Korean ...Epidemiological Catchment Area study in 2011, 3,723 Internet users were assessed for their Internet addiction using Young's 8-item Diagnostic Questionnaire. The results showed that of the 3,723 Internet users, 39 (1.0%) had Internet addiction. Addicted Internet users were younger, more likely to be males and unemployed compared to non-addicted Internet users. Internet addiction was associated with alcohol and nicotine use disorders, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorder after controlling for age, gender, and occupational status. Internet addiction was associated with suicidal plans even after controlling for psychiatric disorders and socio-demographic factors. This study showed that Internet addiction is highly associated with variety of different psychiatric disorders and suicidal plans. Therefore, clinicians should carefully evaluate them when treating addicted Internet users.
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders in Korean adults.
Door to door household surveys were conducted with community residents aged 18-74 years from ...July 19, 2011, to November 16, 2011 (n=6,022, response rate 78.7%). The sample was drawn from 12 catchment areas using a multistage cluster method. Each subject was assessed using the Korean version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV).
Lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates were as follows: alcohol use disorders, 13.4% and 4.4%, respectively; nicotine use disorders, 7.2% and 4.0%, respectively; anxiety disorders, 8.7% and 6.8%, respectively; and mood disorders, 7.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of all types of DSM-IV mental disorders were 27.6% and 16.0%, respectively. Being female; young; divorced, separated, or widowed; and in a low-income group were associated with mood and anxiety disorders after adjustment for various demographic variables, whereas being male and young were associated with alcohol use disorders. Higher income was not correlated with alcohol use disorder as it had been in the 2001 survey.
The rate of depressive disorders has increased since 2001 (the first national survey), whereas that of anxiety disorders has been relatively stable. The prevalence of nicotine and alcohol use disorders has decreased, and the male-to-female ratio of those with this diagnosis has also decreased.
Few studies have examined the association between childhood bullying and adulthood mental disorders based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria. We investigated ...the association of childhood peer bullying with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) psychiatric disorders and suicidality in adults.
A total of 5,102 respondents aged 18 or over completed the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV psychiatric disorders and a questionnaire for suicidal ideas, plans, and attempts. We evaluated peer bullying using an item in the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the association between victimization of peer bullying, adult psychiatric disorders, and suicidality.
Around 8.8% of the general population in Korea reported the experience of being bullied when growing up. Bullying experience was associated with an increase in the adulthood prevalence of nicotine use disorders (adjusted odds ratio aOR, 2.47; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.75-3.49), alcohol use disorders (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.49-2.51), mood disorders (aOR, 4.23; 95% CI, 3.01-5.94), and anxiety disorders (aOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.89-4.43) after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Among anxiety disorders, the OR for post-traumatic stress disorder (aOR, 9.95; 95% CI, 5.62-17.63) was notably high. Frequent victimization (many times) was significantly associated with suicidality even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders, whereas occasional victimization (once or a few times) was not.
Childhood bullying experience was associated with adult psychiatric disorders and suicidality. The findings indicated the importance of the early detection and management of childhood peer bullying to reduce detrimental adulthood consequences.
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