Molecular dynamics simulation of the crystallization behavior of liquid gold (Au) nanoparticles, with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 nm in diameter, on cooling has been carried out based on the ...embedded-atom-method potential. It is demonstrated that the structure of the fully crystallized particle is polycrystalline face-centered cubic (FCC). The FCC structure of the gold nanoparticle is proved energetically the most stable form. The final structure of nanoparticles are affected by cooling time and size of nanoparticles. Increasing the size of nanoparticles, the melting point of nanoparticles will be increased.
We present a new measurement of \(E_{\rm G}\), which combines measurements of weak gravitational lensing, real-space galaxy clustering and redshift space distortions. This statistic was proposed as a ...consistency test of General Relativity (GR) that is insensitive to linear, deterministic galaxy bias and the matter clustering amplitude. We combine deep imaging data from KiDS with overlapping spectroscopy from 2dFLenS, BOSS DR12 and GAMA and find \(E_{\rm G}(\overline{z}=0.267)=0.43 \pm 0.13\) (GAMA), \(E_{\rm G}(\overline{z}=0.305)=0.27 \pm 0.08\) (LOWZ+2dFLOZ) and \(E_{\rm G}(\overline{z}=0.554)=0.26 \pm 0.07\) (CMASS+2dFHIZ). We demonstrate that the existing tension in the value of the matter density parameter hinders the robustness of this statistic as solely a test of GR. We find that our \(E_{\rm G}\) measurements, as well as existing ones in the literature, favour a lower matter density cosmology than the Cosmic Microwave Background. For a flat \(\Lambda\)CDM Universe and assuming GR, we find \(\Omega_{\rm m}(z=0)=0.25\pm0.03\). With this paper we publicly release the 2dFLenS dataset at: \url{http://2dflens.swin.edu.au}.
Evaluation the effect of wetland on rural income and agrobiodiversity (case study: Hosheylan wetland) Faramarzy, K., Islamic Azad Univ., Karaj (Iran Islamic Republic). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Agroecology. Karaj Branch; Khoshbakht, K., Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran (Iran Islamic Republic). Environmental Sciences Research Inst. Dept. of Agroecology; Asgari, A., Ferdowsi Univ., Mashhad (Iran Islamic Republic). Dept. of Agronomy ...
2015
Conference Proceeding
Wetlands are one of the important areas to conserve and enhance biodiversity. Enhancement of agrobiodiversity around the wetlands can be done the important role in the rural people economically and ...socially. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of social-economic aspects on the agrobiodiversity. Several villages around the wetland were selected from west of Iran (Kermanshah province) and finally 119 questionnaires were completed using interview. At first step, number of family members was investigated and the mean is resulted 5.21 person that indicated to the being populated rural households. Results from regression test suggest us that there is an inverse relationship between number of family members and Shanon index (-0.01), namely the populated families have lowest variety. In the next step, relation between farmer income and crop diversity is measured using regression test and concluded a significant value (0.18*) from income and Shanon index. Generally, farmers with more income have very diverse crops. The reason of this result is that with increasing the income, part of the economic needs of farmers supplied then they prefer to cultivate various crops and in conclusion the agrobiodiversity will be increased. Finally, wetland with providing the suitable income resource for rural populations, play the important role in development of economic-social and ecologic aspects of the adjacent regions and also can provide agrobiodiversity and species conservation.
The product of the HER2 protooncogene, p185 super(HER2), represents an attractive target for cancer immunotherapies. We have prepared anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes in which Fab' fragments of ...a humanized anti-p185 super(HER2) monoclonal antibody with antiproliferative properties (rhuMAb-HER2) were conjugated to either conventional or sterically stabilized liposomes. These immunoliposomes bind specifically to p185 super(HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer cells (SK-BR-3 and BT-474). High-affinity binding of anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes is comparable to that of free rhuMAbHER2-Fab' or the intact antibody. Empty immunoliposomes inhibit the culture growth of p185 super(HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer cells, and this antiproliferative effect is superior to that of free rhuMAbHER2-Fab', indicating that liposomal anchoring of these anti-p185 super(HER2) Fab' fragments enhances their biological activity. Efficient internalization of anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes, demonstrated by light and electron microscopy, occurs by receptor-mediated endocytosis via the coated pit pathway and also possibly by membrane fusion. Doxorubicin-loaded anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes are markedly and specifically cytotoxic against p185 super(HER2)-overexpressing tumor cells in vitro. Anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes administered in vivo in Scid mice bearing human breast tumor (BT-474) xenografts can deliver doxorubicin to tumors. These results indicate that anti-p185 super(HER2) immunoliposomes are a promising therapeutic vehicle for the treatment of p185 super(HER2)-overexpressing human cancers.
To investigate the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter remobilization and grain filling trend in barley a split-plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three ...replications was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Ardebil, Iran, in 2004. Water deficit treatments included no-stress (full irrigation), water withholding after anthesis and severe water deficit stress (no irrigation), substituted in main plots, and barley genotypes, LB-Iran, N-81-7 and N-81-14, were placed in sub-plots. With increase in water deficit severity, the amount of dry matter remobilization from various organs of plant to grain was increased. The contribution of dry matter remobilization in severe stress and water deficit sress after anthesis was 82.5 and 36.5 percent relative to full irrigation treatment. This result showed that water deficit stress had a direct effect on reduction of the grain yield. The LB-Iran genotype in all of three water deficit stresses had higher value than other genotypes, although the grain yield of this genotype under water stress condition was 60 percent lower than under full irrigation condition.
The product of the HER2 protooncogene, p185HER2, represents an attractive target for cancer immunotherapies. We have prepared anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes in which Fab' fragments of a humanized ...anti-p185HER2monoclonal antibody with antiproliferative properties (rhuMAb-HER2) were conjugated to either conventional or sterically stabilized liposomes. These immunoliposomes bind specifically to p185HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells (SK-BR-3 and BT-474). High-affinity binding of anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes is comparable to that of free rhuMAbHER2-Fab' or the intact antibody. Empty immunoliposomes inhibit the culture growth of p185HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells, and this antiproliferative effect is superior to that of free rhuMAbHER2-Fab', indicating that liposomal anchoring of these anti-p185HER2Fab' fragments enhances their biological activity. Efficient internalization of anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes, demonstrated by light and electron microscopy, occurs by receptor-mediated endocytosis via the coated pit pathway and also possibly by membrane fusion. Doxorubicinloaded anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes are markedly and specifically cytotoxic against p185HER2-overexpressing tumor cells in vitro. Anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes administered in vivo in Scid mice bearing human breast tumor (BT-474) xenografts can deliver doxorubicin to tumors. These results indicate that anti-p185HER2immunoliposomes are a promising therapeutic vehicle for the treatment of p185HER2-overexpressing human cancers.
Growth factors and their binding proteins are important proteins regulating mammalian cell proliferation and differentiation so there is considerable interest in producing them as recombinant ...proteins, especially in hosts that do not already produce a complex mixture of growth factors. Many growth factors require post-translational modifications making them unsuitable for production in Escherichia coli or other prokaryotes. Since several expression vector systems have been recently developed for foreign protein production in the cellular slime mould, Dictyostelium discoideum, we attempted to use two of these systems to express human insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (hIGFBP6) and bovine beta-cellulin (bBTC) as secreted proteins. Although both proteins were successfully produced in stably transformed amoebae, no secretion was detected in spite of several attempts to facilitate this occurring.
The effects of chronic treatment with flecainide on the cellular electrophysiology and the relationship of the electrophysiologic effects to serum and myocardial flecainide concentrations were ...determined in rabbit ventricular myocardium. Two groups of rabbits were administered flecainide at doses of 7.5 mg/kg body weight (dose I) and 20 mg/kg body weight (dose II) intraperitoneally (i.p.) twice daily for 12-14 days; a third group received saline. Serum and myocardial flecainide concentrations with dose II (0.44 +/- 0.15 micrograms/ml and 3.0 +/- 1.4 micrograms/g, respectively) were significantly (p less than 0.01) higher than with dose I (0.19 +/- 0.11 micrograms/ml and 0.81 +/- 0.15 micrograms/g, respectively). At 1.0-Hz stimulation, only the high dose produced significant changes in transmembrane action potentials of right ventricular myocardial fibers, which showed a 17.6% (n = 6, p less than 0.05) decrease in maximal upstroke velocity (Vmax) of phase 0 and 19.5% (n = 6, p less than 0.05) prolongation of effective refractory period (ERP). Repetitive stimuli led to an exponential decline in Vmax with both dosage regimens. The magnitude of Vmax decrease was frequently dependent and was greater with the higher dose. The rate of decrease of Vmax per action potential (AP) during train of stimuli in rabbits treated with dose II was 0.037 +/- 0.012 (n = 5) at 2.0-Hz stimulation, and the recovery time constant from use-dependent block at 4.0-Hz stimulation increased significantly from 12.6 +/- 3.6% decrease in Vmax with the low dose to 35.6 +/- 7.1% decrease with the high dose. The data show that sodium channel inhibition by chronic flecainide administration is a function of dose, serum, and myocardial flecainide concentrations.
In order to enrich the Umbelliferae and Leguminosae collection of National plant gene-bank of Iran, the research project of collection, regeneration and evaluation of cultivated species of ...Umbelliferae and Leguminosae (Carrot, Celery, Parsliy, Dill, , Snap Beans, Pea, Fenugreek) commenced since nationally continued in ٢٦ provinces of Iran during ١٣٨٤-١٣٨٧. A total of ١٠٠ accessions of (Carrot),١٠٧ accessions of (Snap Beans)١٨٤ accessions of (Dill),١٨٤ accessions of (Parsliy),١٩١ accessions of (Fenugreek) and ٣٤ accessions of (Pea) were collected according to the descriptor of IPGRI. Characteristics of collection sites including latitude, water and soil types and topographical conditions affecting the climate were recorded according to IPGRI descriptor at the time of sampling. In order to regenerate sufficient genetic material, the collected samples were categorized climatically according to the location of collection and sent to related research centers in the fifth year of the project. Regenerated samples were then resent to headquarter in Karaj which currently preserved in two active and basal collections in a packaged form so that in case of need by breeders or students to exploit this germplasm in breeding or development of new varieties or academic researches, the sufficient material and recorded data would be available. The accessions under study were cultivated in Karaj in order to identify and evaluate qualitative and morphological traits and the results were used to study the correlations among the traits. Collected accessions were planted in two meters long rows wids ٧٥ cm inter-rows distance in research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. The plants were irrigated weekly and no fertilizer or fungicide was used during cultivation practice. A total of ten samples out of ١٠٠ collected genetic resources of Carrot, ٧٩samples out of ١٧٤ collected genetic resources of Parsliy ١١samples out of١٨٤ collected genetic resources of Dill, ١١samples out of١٩١ collected genetic resources of Fenugreek,١٣samples out of١٠٧ collected genetic resources of Snap Beans and ٢ samples out of ٣٤ collected genetic resources of Pea failed to germinate and therefore were removed form the cycle of preserving and data recording.The results of analyses showed that there were positive correlations among some traits and negative correlations among other ones at significant levels of ١%.
regeneration and evaluation of cultivated species of Solanaceae (Egg Plant, Tomato, Pepper) commenced nced since continued in ٢٦ provinces of Iranduring ١٣٨٤-١٣٨٧. A total of ٢٨٦ accessions of ...(Tomato),٢٢٨ accessions of (Egg Plant) and ١٣٢ accessions of (Pepper) were collected according to the descriptor of IPGRI.Characterisks of collection sites includings, latitude, water and soil types, and topographical conditions affecting the climate were recorded according to IPGRI descriptor at the time of sampling. In order to regenerate sufficient genetic material, the collected samples were categorized climatically according to the location of collection and sent to related research centers in the fifth year of the project. Regenerated samples were then resent to headquarter in Karaj which currently preserved in two active and basal collections in a packaged form so that in case of need by breeders or students to exploit this germplasm in breeding or development of new varieties or academic researches, the sufficient material and recorded data would be available. The accessions under study were cultivated in Karaj in order to identify and evaluate qualitative and morphological traits and the results were used to study the correlations among the traits. Collected accessions were planted in two meters long rows wids ٧٥ (tomato١٥٠) cm inter-rows distance in research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. The plants were irrigated weekly and no fertilizer or fungicide was used during cultivation practice. A total of ten samples out of ٢٨٦ collected genetic resources of Tomato, ٢٠samples out of ٢٢٨ collected genetic resources of Egg Plant ٤٣samples out of and ٤٠ samples out of ١٣٢ collected genetic resources of Pepper failed to germinate and therefore were removed form the cycle of preserving and data recording. Some qualitative traits such as corolla colour,Fruit size and fruit blossom end shape,Fruit shoulder shape, fruit length and fruit width in ٢٨٦ accessions were evaluated which were identified as (tomato). The results indicated the existence of positive correlation of corolla colour, with the fruit size and negative correlations of colour of immature fruit and presence of green trips on the fruit of tomato .Some qualitative traits such as leaf blade size, Intensity of leaf blade green colour, plant height, fruit shape , fruit length were evaluated in ٢٢٨ accessions which were identified as (Egg Plant). The results indicated the existence of positive correlation of of immature fruit colour and negative correlations of fruit size with flower intensies of purple colour at ١% level of confidence.Some qualitative traits such as head fruit shape , fruit shape ,plant height, fruit number were evaluated in ٧٦ accessions of pepper. The results indicated the existence of positive correlation of head fruit shape with fruit shape and negative correlations of plant height with fruit number at ١% level of confidence.
