Pesantren adalah lembaga pendidikan agama Islam tertua di Indonesia. Belakangan Pesantren mendapat stigma buruk terutama dari media Barat yang menuduh Pesantren sebagai sarang radikalisme dan ...terorisme. Hal ini sangat bertentangan dengan misi Pesantren, membawa misi untuk mengembangkan Islam moderat, Islam yang menjadi berkah bagi semua alam. Dalam artikel ini, penulis ingin membuktikan bahwa pemikiran Pesantren masih sama dengan sejak didirikan dan juga ingin membuktikan bahwa tuduhan dari media Barat tidak benar. Pada artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka. Dari hasil penelitian ini, penulis menemukan bahwa pesantren sejak dulu hingga saat ini masih mengajarkan Islam yang inklusif, terbuka, dan moderat. Oleh karena itu, hasil ini juga menolak tuduhan Barat terhadap pesantren.
This study aims to explore the interactions between the government, the tourism industry, universities, media, society, and the environment in the management and utilization of tourist villages in ...Bandung Regency, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative-explorative method with a case study approach. Research analysis was assisted by the Nvivo 12 Plus qualitative analysis tool. The result's findings show that tourist villages require coordinated efforts from the government, tourism sector, universities, media, local communities, and the environment because in our opinion the environment/nature cannot only be viewed as an object but must rather be aligned with other important sectors in development programs. This connection may at the very least provide a means of enhancing the management of tourism villages and achieving sustainability and resilience. The contribution of this research provides insight into the process of developing creative tourism villages in realizing sustainability and resilience through tourism villages that pay attention to economic, social, infrastructure, and environmental dimensions.
The problem of ultrafine particles (UFPs; PM0.1) has been prevalent since the past decades. In addition to become easily inhaled by human respiratory system due to their ultrafine diameter (<100 nm), ...ambient UFPs possess various physicochemical properties which make it more toxic. These properties vary based on the emission source profile. The current development of UFPs studies is hindered by the problem of expensive instruments and the inexistence of standardized measurement method. This review provides detailed insights on ambient UFPs sources, physicochemical properties, measurements, and estimation models development. Implications on health impacts due to short-term and long-term exposure of ambient UFPs are also presented alongside the development progress of potentially low-cost UFPs sensors which can be used for future UFPs studies references. Current challenge and future outlook of ambient UFPs research are also discussed in this review. Based on the review results, ambient UFPs may originate from primary and secondary sources which include anthropogenic and natural activities. In addition to that, it is confirmed from various chemical content analysis that UFPs carry heavy metals, PAHs, BCs which are toxic in its nature. Measurement of ambient UFPs may be performed through stationary and mobile methods for environmental profiling and exposure assessment purposes. UFPs PNC estimation model (LUR) developed from measurement data could be deployed to support future epidemiological study of ambient UFPs. Low-cost sensors such as bipolar ion and ionization sensor from common smoke detector device may be further developed as affordable instrument to monitor ambient UFPs. Recent studies indicate that short-term exposure of UFPs can be associated with HRV change and increased cardiopulmonary effects. On the other hand, long-term UFPs exposure have positive association with COPD, CVD, CHF, pre-term birth, asthma, and also acute myocardial infarction cases.
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Abstrak. Pembelajaran Matematika di perguruan tinggi menuntut mahasiswa memahami konsep-konsep dasar. Matematika dilandasi dari definisi, teorema yang meyajikan konsep-konsep yang berkaitan dengan ...masalah yang terjadi dalam memahami kasus-kasus matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh desain pembelajaran dengan strategi elaborasi dan cara menerapkan pembelajaran dengan strategi elaborasi pada konsep limit fungsi bagi mahasiswa semester VI Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram tahun ajaran 20016/2017. Melalui pembelajaran dengan strategi elaborasi, mahasiswa diberi kesempatan untuk melakukan orientasi, interpretasi, melakukan penyimpulan dari pembelajaran yang telah dilakukan. Pada tahap orientasi antara dosen dengan mahasiswa aktif berkomunikasi dalam menentukan arah untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi. Pada tahap interpretasi, mahasiswa mengkaji masalah yang diberikan melalui kegiatan analisis, diskusi, tanya jawab. Pada akhir pembelajaran, mahasiswa membuat kesimpulan dari apa yang telah mereka dapatkan selama pembelajaran. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa bentuk pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini berhasil sebagai bentuk pembelajaran yang dapat membangun kemampuan analisis matematika mahasiswa tentang limit fungsi. Abstract. The study of mathematics in college demands student to comprehend the basic concepts. Mathematics are based on definition, theorem which is presenting concepts related to problem that happened in comprehending mathematics cases. This research aimed to obtain the design of the study using the elaboration strategy and the way in applying it with the elaboration strategy at the concept of limit function for the sixth semester students of mathematics education of Muhammadiyah Mataram University in the academic year 2016/2017. Through the study using the elaboration strategy, the students were given an opportunity to have orientation, interpretation, and making conclusion on the study, which had been done. In the orientation stage, both lecturs and students communicated actively in determining directions to solve the problems faced. In the interpretation stage, the students investigated the problems given through an analysis, discussion, question, and answer activities. By the end of study, the students made conclusion on what they had during the study. From the result of this research, it is concluded that the form of study which was developed in thi research succed as the form of study which could develop the students’ ability in mathematics analysis about the limit function.
As a result of its carbon-dense structure and renewable nature, lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a novel source for the production of graphene. At sufficient heat, biopolymers (cellulose, ...hemicellulose, and lignin) can be disintegrated into three-dimensional turbostratic crystallites, consisting of partially defective carbon sheets of aromatic rings (graphite-like material) via pyrolysis, where it may serve as a precursor in graphene synthesis. There are several techniques employed for graphene synthesis from lignocellulosic biomass; carbonization, graphitization, hydrothermal carbonization, chemical activation, chemical blowing technique, template-based confinement, mechanical and chemical exfoliation, and carbon growth via chemical vapor deposition. This review offers an insight into lignocellulosic biomass compositions and those aforementioned mechanisms to produce graphene-based materials, which cover various parameters and properties outcomes. A summary of their applications prospect, environmental impacts, economic concerns and production challenges is also presented.
•Lignocellulosic biomass emerged as sources for graphene-based materials production.•Varied technologies reported with an emphasis on high quality and yield.•Offers insight into wide-ranging synthesis routes from numerous bioprecursors.•Outlines technical limitations as well as economic and environmental concerns.•Seeks to provide an overview on their potential uses in a variety of sectors.
This article discusses islamophobia as a threat to multiculturalism in Indonesia. To test this assumption, this article uses the theory expressed by Huntington as a multicultural clash between ...Western civilization and Islam. The method used is qualitative-explorative with a phenomenological approach. By analysis using Nvivo 12 Pro Tools. The results of this study state that islamophobia has significantly undermined the harmonization of diversity in Indonesia. This is evidenced by the phenomenon of mutual disbelief among fellow Muslims and bigotry between Islamic groups in Indonesia. As an offer to face the threat of division from the high influence of islamophobia, it is to present Islam as rahmatan lil alamin to maintain national and state harmonization in Indonesia.
This research aims to reveal the quality of the Arabic language teaching book for the second secondary grade of the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2020, in the light of the Arabic ...Language Curriculum and Teaching Methods book by Saad Ali Zayer and Iman Ismail Ayez and the validity of its use among second-grade secondary students in schools in Indonesia using the criteria for preparing a good book. In writing this research, the study used the descriptive analytical method. As for the scientific method used in it, it is a qualitative method. After carrying out the analysis process, the study found the validity of using the Arabic language book for the second grade of secondary school of the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2020 for students of the second grade of secondary school, and it is a good book as it is presented in a scientific way, but there is a slight error in adjusting the shape of some The words.
Fuels and fuel additives from furfural derivatives via etherification are reviewed. Etherification is classified into two methods such as reductive etherification and direct etherification. A ...previous study showed that ethers containing shorter alkyl chains increase the octane number of fuels. Ethers containing longer alkyl chains enhanced the cetane number of diesel fuel. The etherification of furfural and its derivatives hold particular promise for the production of fuel additives. There are two strategies to produce furanic ethers: (1) the conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol or acetal followed by etherification and (2) the etherification of furfuryl alcohol (FFA), occasionally known as direct etherification. Both strategies require an acid catalyst. The conversion of furfuryl alcohol to furfuryl ethers was influenced by Brønsted or Lewis acid. The synthesis of methylfurans, which has higher research octane number than gasoline, is also described.
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•Fuels and fuel additives from furfural and HMF derivatives via etherification are reviewed.•Etherification is classified into two methods such as reductive etherification and direct etherification.•The synthesis of methylfuran, which has higher RON than gasoline, is also described in the present manuscript.
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