The resonator-induced phase (RIP) gate is an all-microwave multiqubit entangling gate that allows a high degree of flexibility in qubit frequencies, making it attractive for quantum operations in ...large-scale architectures. We experimentally realize the RIP gate with four superconducting qubits in a three-dimensional circuit-QED architecture, demonstrating high-fidelity controlled-z (cz) gates between all possible pairs of qubits from two different 4-qubit devices in pair subspaces. These qubits are arranged within a wide range of frequency detunings, up to as large as 1.8 GHz. We further show a dynamical multiqubit refocusing scheme in order to isolate out 2-qubit interactions, and combine them to generate a 4-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state.
Measuring a quantum system can randomly perturb its state. The strength and nature of this back-action depend on the quantity that is measured. In a partial measurement performed by an ideal ...apparatus, quantum physics predicts that the system remains in a pure state whose evolution can be tracked perfectly from the measurement record. We demonstrated this property using a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a cavity traversed by a microwave signal. The back-action on the qubit state of a single measurement of both signal quadratures was observed and shown to produce a stochastic operation whose action is determined by the measurement result. This accurate monitoring of a qubit state is an essential prerequisite for measurement-based feedback control of quantum systems.
As the energy relaxation time of superconducting qubits steadily improves, nonequilibrium quasiparticle excitations above the superconducting gap emerge as an increasingly relevant limit for qubit ...coherence. We measure fluctuations in the number of quasiparticle excitations by continuously monitoring the spontaneous quantum jumps between the states of a fluxonium qubit, in conditions where relaxation is dominated by quasiparticle loss. Resolution on the scale of a single quasiparticle is obtained by performing quantum nondemolition projective measurements within a time interval much shorter than T₁, using a quantum-limited amplifier (Josephson parametric converter). The quantum jump statistics switches between the expected Poisson distribution and a non-Poissonian one, indicating large relative fluctuations in the quasiparticle population, on time scales varying from seconds to hours. This dynamics can be modified controllably by injecting quasiparticles or by seeding quasiparticle-trapping vortices by cooling down in a magnetic field.
Damage detection using changes in global dynamic characteristics has been a hot research topic and attracted civil, aerospace, and mechanical engineering communities in recent years. In this paper, a ...numerical study of the relationship between damage characteristics and the changes in the dynamic properties is presented. It is found that the rotation of mode shape is a sensitive indicator of damage. The numerical results clarify that the rotation of mode shape has the characteristic of localization at the damaged region even though the displacement modes are not localized. Also, the results illustrate that the rotations of modes are robust in locating multiple damage locations with different sizes in a structure. Furthermore, using the changes in the rotation of mode shape does not need very fine grid of measurements to detect and locate damage, effectively.
Structural damage identification has recently become one of the most important topics for engineering structures due to its benefits in enhancing safety, reducing life-cycle cost, and providing ...guidance for system construction and maintenance. This research studies the accuracy of using displacement influence lines (DIL) and their derivatives (first and second derivative) for detecting structural damage characteristics (location and severity). The study includes analytical and numerical studies to investigate the sensitivity of displacement influence lines and their derivatives (first and second derivative) as a main parameter for damage identification. The results illustrate that the method can locate and quantify damage in both simply supported and continuous beams without the need for an optimization algorithm. Although, for simply supported beam, the optimal location of the displacement measurement point is at the middle of span. While, for continuous beam, one displacement sensor at the middle of each span enables locating the damages reliably. The advantages and disadvantages of using this index are also discussed.
This research examines the link between the encroachment upon personal security and political participation among women in Lebanon and Morocco. Analyses are performed on the Status of Women in the ...Middle East and North Africa Survey conducted by the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) from August 2009 to June 2010. Results indicate a strong link between perceptions of personal security in both public and private spheres, and the propensity to vote. The results show that not feeling free to leave the home and experiencing regular sexual harassment in the public sphere curtail women's likelihood to vote. These findings have profound implications for shaping policies as they apply to women in the transitioning Middle East.
Resumen
Seguridad personal y desmovilización electoral: un análisis comparativo Resumen
Esta investigación examina el vínculo entre la invasión a la seguridad personal y la participación política en las mujeres de Líbano y Marruecos. Los análisis son llevados a cabo por la Encuesta del Estatus de las Mujeres en el Medio Oriente y el Norte de África de la Fundación Internacional para Sistemas Electorales (IFES) de agosto de 2009 a junio de 2010. Los resultados indican un fuerte vínculo entre las percepciones de seguridad personal, tanto en esferas públicas como privadas, y la propensión al voto. Los resultados muestran que el no sentirse libres de salir de la casa y sufrir acoso sexual regularmente en la esfera pública reducen la probabilidad de que las mujeres voten. Estos hallazgos tienen profundas implicaciones para darle forma a las políticas y después aplicarlas a mujeres en el tan cambiante Medio Oriente.
摘要
个人安全和放弃选举投票：一项比较分析 摘要
本文检验了黎巴嫩和摩洛哥女性的个人安全受到侵占与政治参与间的联系。2009年8月至2010年6月, 国际选举制度基金会（ International Foundation for Electoral Systems, IFES）针对中东和北非地区女性地位进行了调查, 本文对此予以分析。分析结果显示, 不论是在公共领域还是私人领域, 对个人安全的感知和投票倾向间都存在强烈的相关性。结果表明, 女性感到自己无法自由离家外出以及她们时常在公共场合受到性骚扰, 这些都减少了她们投票的可能性。研究结果对政策制定具有重大意义, 因为政策适用于中东地区（正处于过渡阶段）女性。
Introduction: Although the literature about prostate cancer is vast in tracking discussion about diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, there are few publications about the best form of surgical ...specimen processing of radical prostatectomy. After the surgery, the urologist limits his responsibility to forward surgical specimen for analysis. Aim: To evaluate if the urologist manipulation trying to locate and demarcate suspicious areas of a tumour can improve the microscopic examination. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgical specimens of radical prostatectomy performed in patients with localised prostate cancer were macroscopically analysed by a single urologist and suspicious areas for cancer were marked with surgical thread. Later these areas were correlated with the findings in the microscopic study. Results: It was observed that in 75.8% of cases, there was a positive correlation between the pit and the clinical pathology report on the cancer presence, and in 50% of cases, the demarcated areas corresponded to the area of most considerable extent of cancer throughout the prostate. Conclusion: The demarcation of cancer suspected areas by Urologist, in surgical specimens from radical prostatectomy may provide additional information to the pathologist, directing the histopathological analysis of the prostate to the areas with more significant tumour extension compared to the other sections.
Quantum computing requires a delicate balance between coupling quantum systems to external instruments for control and readout, while providing enough isolation from sources of decoherence. Circuit ...quantum electrodynamics has been a successful method for protecting superconducting qubits, while maintaining the ability to perform readout 1, 2. Here, we discuss improvements to this method that allow for fast, high-fidelity readout. Specifically, the integration of a Purcell filter, which allows us to increase the resonator bandwidth for fast readout, the incorporation of a Josephson parametric converter, which enables us to perform high-fidelity readout by amplifying the readout signal while adding the minimum amount of noise required by quantum mechanics, and custom control electronics, which provide us with the capability of fast decision and control.
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