AbstractIn this study, strategies to promote public participation in policy in Talouqan Municipality of Takhar Province, Afghanistan with the theme of social community has been studied. The present ...research is an applied research and in terms of method it can be considered a descriptive-survey research. The study population in the present study includes 240 employees and managers of Talouqan Municipality in Takhar Province, Afghanistan and 15 university professors in Takhar Province, Afghanistan.Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size and the sample size was calculated to be 152 people. Then online questionnaires were distributed and the data were collected through this method. The results of the tests showed that the respondents believe that the mass media index has the greatest impact on promoting public participation and ranks first among the indicators. In addition, the indicators of social cohesion, services and facilities, promotion of social trust, elimination of gender discrimination, promotion of political awareness and fair distribution of power are ranked second to sixth, respectively. Accordingly, it is proposed that the new regime in Afghanistan use the capacity of the media and civil society and women to promote participation in the policy-making process. IntroductionParticipation as an effective mechanism in public programs and risk reduction in the future is to strengthen the effect of national programs in the future. In addition, participation is a catalyst for social change (Evans et al., 2019: 2). From the UN perspective, participation is the presence of people in the decision-making process and for the growth of social awareness and meeting their needs in the intervention process (Darabi & Abdi et al., 2009: 73). The importance and importance of participation in decision-making is such that much research has been done in different countries. In research, participation is defined as a process by which people can organize themselves and comment on the country's development activities (kuldi, 2003: 3). The concept of policy is defined as "a set of actions or inactions that one or more actors take on a problem or concern" (Smith & Larimer, 2009: 3).In light of the above; the question now arises as to what are the ways to promote public participation in community-oriented policy-making in Talouqan Municipality, Takhar Province, Afghanistan?Case StudyThe population size in the study is 250 employees and managers of Talouqan Municipality in Takhar-Afghanistan province, to determine the sample size of Cochran's formula at a confidence level of 0.95 and p = q = 0.5 and the error value is 0.05 Was used. In this study, the sample size was calculated for 152 people and the data were collected through an online questionnaire and available.Theoretical FrameworkIn fact, participation is a process that includes a variety of individual and group actions in order to intervene in determining one's own destiny and society and to influence decisions about public affairs (Basri, 2009: 81). According to thinkers, if a political revolution is taking place around the world, that revolution is nothing but an explosion of participation. In all the developing and modern countries of the world, people believe that ordinary people should be involved in politics and that people should be involved in politics. Has become commonplace (Millbrae & Gobil, 2007: 1996). Participation means to contribute to something and to benefit from it, or to participate in a group and therefore to cooperate with it. For this reason, from a sociological point of view, a distinction must be made between participation as a state or condition (the matter of participation) and participation as an action and commitment (the act of participation). Participation in the first sense signifies belonging to a particular group and having a share in its existence and in the second sense conveys active participation in the group (Toile, 2003: 66-67). From a global perspective, participation is a process in which stakeholders intervene to oversee development initiatives, decisions, and resources that have an impact on life (World Bank, 2015).Methodologyhe statistical population of this study is the staff and managers of Talouqan Municipality in Takhar-Afghanistan province and considering the importance of the issue, knowledgeable experts, university professors and senior managers will be considered. The population size in the study is 240 employees and managers of Talouqan Municipality and 15 university professors in Takhar's province Afghanistan. To determine the sample size of Cochran's formula at a confidence level of 0.95 and p = q = 0.5 and the error value is 0.05 Was used. In this study, the sample size was calculated for 152 people and the data were collected through an online questionnaire and available.Discussion and Result The result has shown in all of the above cases, a significance level of less than 0.05 has been reported, which indicates that all indicators extracted are factors in promoting public participation in policy-making. In addition to the significance level of T-index was more than 1.96, which is another reason to confirm the impact of indicators on promoting public participation in policy-making. The test results show that the respondents believe that the "mass media index" with an average of 3.80 has the greatest impact on promoting public participation and ranks first among the indicators.In addition, indicators of social cohesion (average 3.51), services and facilities (average 3.43), promotion of social trust (average 3.40), elimination of gender discrimination (average 3.33), promotion of political awareness (average 3, 32) and fair distribution of power (with an average of 3.31) are ranked second to sixth, respectively.ConclusionFirst hypothesis of research shows that respondents believe strategies based on political capacity have been effective in promoting public participation in policy-making with a community-based approach. On the second hypothesis respondents believe that social capacity-based strategies have been effective in promoting public participation in policy-making with a community-based approach. On third hypothesis based on respondent responses, sometimes strategies based on cultural capacities have been effective in promoting public participation in policy-making with a community-based approach. On the last hypothesis Respondents believe that solutions based on technology capabilities have been effective in promoting public participation in policy-making with a community-based approach.
Extended Abstract Abstract Social responsibility is a key factor in the survival of any organization or company that has received special attention in recent years. The research is applied ...in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of 35 employees of Modiran Khodro company which randomly and according to Morgan table the sample consisted of 32 employees. To collect data from Social Responsibility Questionnaire (Adapted from Sarmad et al, 2011 and Carroll, 1999) and Organizational Reputation Questionnaire (Luoma-Aho Standard 2008) and Social Trust Questionnaire (Adapted from kafashi, 2010 and SafariNia & Sharif), Data was analyzed using Spss24 and Smart Pls3 softwares. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (respectively 0.860, 0.910, 0.843) and its reliability and validity were confirmed by convergent and divergent validity. The results of this study showed that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on organizational reputation. Among the dimensions of organizational reputation, efficiency (0.50) and respect (0.44) were the most influenced by social responsibility. Regarding the effect of social trust on organizational reputation, the research findings showed that among the dimensions of organizational reputation, respect (with coefficient of impact intensity of 0.58) and service (with coefficient of impact intensity of 0.59), the most influential of social trust. Introduction Nowadays, the social responsibility of organizations as a fundamental variable in decision making is considered by the general public, organizations and governments. Organizations must consider the consequences and impact of their activities on the community and community members. The basic idea of social responsibility is that the business sector should play a deeper role in the production of goods and profits in society. This role includes social and environmental actions to make the world a better place to live. On the other hand, social responsibility has an undeniable impact on organizational reputation. Reputation is an intangible asset and one of the most important and vital elements for an organization to survive, so it is defined as a "benchmark of competitiveness and differentiation. In this study, the effect of social responsibility on organizational reputation was investigated and social trust variable was considered as a mediating variable. On the whole, social trust is one of the most important aspects of human life, so that today human beings are not capable of social life to a great extent without social trust. In this study, we attempt to measure the impact of social responsibility on organizational reputation with regard to the mediating role of social trust in The City of Bam Utomoil Factury Modiran Khodro Company. Case study The statistical population of the study consisted of 35 employees and manager of the Modiran Khodro company that 32 people randomly selected according to Morgan table. Theoretical framework Social responsibility is a kind of feeling that the managers of private business organizations have towards society. The signal is that managers make the decision to improve the welfare level of the community as well. in a simpler definition, it can be said that corporate social responsibility means the organization's consideration of stakeholder interests beyond the legal requirements and its purpose is to minimize any damage caused by the organization's activities and maximize the beneficial effects. Many models have been proposed regarding the constituents of corporate social responsibility. One of the first definitions of corporate social responsibility is the Carroll model, introduced in 1979. Carroll's famous pyramid of responsibilities is based on legal and economic responsibilities as the most important of organizational responsibilities and ethical and voluntary humanitarian responsibilities that can be addressed by all societies. Nowadays, optimizing the organizational mentality (organizational reputation) is one of the most essential and inevitable issues in the development of organizations and the cornerstone of their development and evolution, as well as the chemical evolution of the organization's activities. Organizational reputation based on the Luoma-Aho model is based on five dimensions: respect, efficiency, service, authority, trust. Trust is one of the essential conditions for the survival of any society. Trust consists of five dimensions: honesty, confidence, openness, cooperative tendencies, and trust-based behavior. Methodology In this study, the effect of social responsibility on organizational reputation was investigated and social trust variable was considered as a mediating variable. The statistical population of the study is The City of Bam Utomoil Factury Modiran Khodro Company. Thirty-five employees were estimated and 32 people were selected by simple random sampling according to Morgan table. Questionnaires were used for data collection. Five Likert spectra were used to answer the questions. SPSS and PLS were used for data analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and its composite and its reliability was confirmed by convergent and divergent validity. Discussion and Results The results showed that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on organizational reputation. Among the dimensions of organizational reputation, efficiency (with a coefficient of intensity of 0.50) and respect (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 0.44) had the most impact on social responsibility. Regarding the effect of social trust on organizational reputation, the research findings showed that among the dimensions of organizational reputation, respect (with coefficient of impact intensity of 0.58) and service (with coefficient of impact intensity of 0.59), the most influential of social trust. The magnitude of the impact of social responsibility on indirect organizational reputation is 0.36, which means that almost one quarter of the total effect of social responsibility on indirect reputation organizational is explained by the social trust variable. Conclusion On the first hypothesis of research show that Social responsibility has a positive and significant impact on organizational reputation. Among the dimensions of organizational reputation efficiency, (with a coefficient of effect intensity of 0.50) has the most impact on social responsibility. The results of the second hypothesis show that Social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on social trust. The results of the third hypothesis showed that Social trust has a positive and significant impact on organizational reputation. Among the dimensions of organizational reputation, respect (with a coefficient of effect intensity of 0.59) was most influenced by social trust. The social trust variable was considered as the mediating variable, and 0.36 of the total effect of social responsibility on organizational reputation is indirectly explained by the social trust variable. According to the findings of the research, suggestions are made to improve the performance of Company. 1- increased corporate support for environmental activities, as well as financial and non-financial support that the company can provide in relation to sports, cultural, educational institutions, etc. 2- Paying attention to speeding things up, selecting the right managers for Modiran Khodro, and doing things according to the plan and clearly articulating goals and creating consistency in the organization has increased efficiency.
Extended AbstractAbstract The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the situation and prioritize the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurship development policy model in the Imam ...Khomeini Relief Foundation (RA) in Sistan and Baluchestan province. In terms of the type of applied research and the research method, this research is a mixed qualitative and quantitative method, and in the qualitative part, all documents, researches, library studies, previous researches of other researchers, interviews with experts were used to identify the dimensions and components of the research. The experts' approval of a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale in the quantitative section was distributed among the statistical population, which are all experts and managers of the employment and entrepreneurship department, the financial field, and other related fields in the Imam Khomeini (RA) Relief Foundation in all branches of Sistan and Baluchestan province.The data collection tool is a questionnaire, and one-sample t-test was used to check the hypotheses, and Friedman's test was used to prioritize dimensions and components using spss software.IntroductionIn a general view, in expressing the importance of government entrepreneurship development policy in Iran, the main roles of public policies should be mentioned. The main role of public policy is that it is a guide to action. It is a coordinator and an evaluator and controller, it is a disambiguator, and it is a provider and guarantor of public interests. The development of entrepreneurship requires the existence of specific policies that can be followed by short-term and operational plans. Entrepreneurship is known as the engine of growth and development of organizations and societies, therefore governments are obliged to formulate various policies in order to create, support and develop entrepreneurship.According to the contents stated regarding the development of entrepreneurship, today the necessity and importance of entrepreneurship development is fully understood and regarding the acceleration of the entrepreneurship process and the creation of employment, the role of support organizations such as the Imam Relief Foundation (RA) is very prominent because the relief Foundation aims to reduce poverty and Creation of employment and entrepreneurship can provide the employment and empowerment and self-sufficiency of clients who are prone to entrepreneurship by applying appropriate policies and policies. Therefore, the question arises whether the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurship development policy in the Imam Relief Foundation (RA) are in a favorable condition? And what is the priority of dimensions and components?Case studyThis research was prepared with the aim of evaluating the dimensions and components of the entrepreneurship development policy model and examines the impact of the formulation, implementation and evaluation dimensions on the entrepreneurship development policy in the aid committee and that the average of the formulation, implementation and evaluation dimensions in the research model in Are they in good condition or not.Materials and MethodsIn this research, the statistical population is 126 people, according to Cochran's formula, the sample size is 95 people, which was collected by judgmental sampling and using a questionnaire.Discussion and ResultsThe results of the research show that 3 main variables with the titles of formulation, implementation and evaluation variables and 16 components identified on the policy of entrepreneurship development in the aid committee are effective and are in a favorable situation, and also the results of prioritizing the main dimensions show that The formulation variable has the highest priority, and the execution and evaluation variables are in the next priorities
Abstract One of the major challenges of customer-centric organizations is the recognition of customers, the distinction between different groups of customers and their ranking. Clustering is one of ...the data mining techniques used to group customers into their various characteristics. The main purpose of the research is to customer clustering based on the Recency, Frequency and Monetary indicators using the fuzzy c-means algorithm. The study was conducted on 76379 registered transactions from customers of Zahedan City Refah Chain Store. The results of this research provide a framework for developing customer relationship management programs for each customer group. Introduction Today, the importance of customer relationship management is not hidden from anyone and all service and product companies are trying to understand more of their customers. Understanding the various groups of customers and building effective relationships with them in a way that guarantees the economic benefits of companies in the future is an important issue in today's businesses. Maintaining valuable customers and attracting profitable customers is both important and it is possible to accurately identify their features. Clustering is one way that helps companies recognize their profitable customers. In the clustering of the elements within each cluster, the most similarities are found, and there is a significant difference between clusters. By introducing the fuzzy theory by Lotfi zadeh, the application of this idea in various sciences quickly expanded and the fuzzy clustering method was widely used by researchers in various fields (De Oliveira & Pedrycz, 2007). In fact, the main difference between the classic clustering and fuzzy clustering is that an instance can belong to more than one cluster (Khoshnazar, 2013). Companies with customer clustering and behavior analysis of each group will provide a platform for optimal allocation of resources and developing customer relationship management strategies. The customer lifetime value (CLV), reflects the value that can help companies in this field. Customer lifetime value is the value of the customer creates throughout his lifetime and is determined by using different models (Boroufar, Rezaeian & Shokohyar, 2017). The RFM model is one of the most popular and effective methods for analyzing customer life value. This model uses three variables Recency, Frequency, Monetary to express the difference between customers and the customer lifetime value is calculated from the sum of the values of the model's indexes. It is also assumed that customers who are worth a lot on any of the model's indicators are the most profitable customers. Of course, they will behave like they were in the future. Case study Rafah Chain Store Company is one of the most comprehensive distribution networks in Iran with the aim of supplying and distributing basic goods. Materials and methods In this research, transactions recorded in the database of the Zahedan Refah chain store have been used in a seven-month period. After receiving the data and performing the preparation process, 76,379 transactions were used as the final input. The preparation process consists of two steps. In the first step, the data was cleared, so some data with invalid values were identified and deleted. In the second stage, RFM model indices were calculated using SPSS Modeler 18 software. There is a difference in the RFM model index unit so these values should be normalized to the same unit. For this purpose, these values were normalized using the Min-Max method. To determine the number of clusters, the Xie and Beni index were used. After calculating the value of this index, 7 clusters were determined as the optimal number of clusters. Fuzzy C-means algorithm is used to cluster customers based on RFM model indicators. All stages of fuzzy clustering and determination of the number of clusters were done using MATLAB software. After fuzzy clustering is done, we will determine the weights of RFM model indices. For this purpose, Fuzzy AHP method was used. Finally, Customer lifetime value for each cluster was calculated from customers and clusters were ranked. Discussion and Conclusion By calculating the lifetime value for each cluster, companies can use their limited resources for a group of customers who have the highest value. According to the results, the fifth cluster with 0.16624 is the most valuable group of store customers. The services provided to this group should not be limited to regular programs, but should be tailor made for them. In fact, the store should allocate more funds to these customers. On the other hand, the third cluster with 0.01482 is the least valuable group of store customers. In developing customer relationship management strategies for this group, there should be a proper balance between the costs associated with the revenue that these customers receive from the store. The results of this research can be used to develop customer relationship management strategies for each customer cluster.
Extended Abstract Abstract In today's world, countries try to develop themselves against other countries and communities. Accordingly, they utilize powerful motivators like the entrepreneurship. The ...countries with the high entrepreneurship orientation seem to be more successful than the other countries. In such an unstable situation, making use of the available techniques in the entrepreneurship approach will provide even better success opportunities for the countries. Besides, small and medium-sized enterprises not only should they focused on the entrepreneurship, but also they should be alerted about how to benefit from the available resources and techniques. Therefore, in this relationship, organizational ambidexterity can be considered as a moderator variable. The present research follows descriptive-survey methodology. In this research, 79 companies out of 99 small and medium companies operating in the industrial town of Zahedan have been studied as a sample. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was checked through SPSS 16 and Smart PLS 2. The results of the study show that entrepreneurial alignment is effective in open innovation. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research is confirmed. Finally, after examining the four main hypotheses of the research, it is concluded that in small and medium-sized, entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on open innovation due to the mediating role of organizational ambiguity. Introduction In today's societies, meet the changes in economic activities. One of these changes is the growth and expansion of countries' attention to the small and medium companies. For achieving a Production mutation, these companies need to move towards entrepreneurship in order to compete others in the market. Since these companies’ resources are limited, they are not able to manage some of their affairs alone, so they need to spend a lot of time and money. Therefore, in addition to keep pace with the rapid growth of the knowledge and the prosperity of technology, they must take actions towards open innovation. On the other hand, in addition to emphasizing innovative ideas and exploration, companies should be able to use the resources and knowledge available in the company in the best possible way. In such situations, managers need to use organizational ambidexterity. Organizational ambidexterity is the ability to use both hands with equal skill. Therefore, companies must use both exploitation and exploration activities simultaneously. Case study This research was conducted in the industrial town of Zahedan, which has 145 active units. These, 99 companies, according to the definition of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade, have less than 50 employees, which are called small and medium companies. The sample size of this research through Cochran's formula is 79 units. Theoretical framework Open innovation is a management paradigm with the purpose of exploitation of knowledge inside and outside the company to create new products and services. Chesbrough )2006) defines open innovation as Goal-oriented use of internal and external knowledge to accelerate internal innovation and expand markets for external use of innovation. To achieve the operational concept of open innovation, three processes of internal-external, external-internal and a combination of both should be observed. Entrepreneurship as a driving force of economic and social development plays a key role in the development process of societies. Therefore, entrepreneurial trend is a general and sustainable orientation and represents the thoughts, tendencies and interests of companies towards entrepreneurship. The present study uses Lampkin and Des’ model in 1996, which is one of the most complete models that has investigated the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and includes five dimensions of risk-taking, innovation, aggressive competition, pioneering and independence. Due to economic and social conditions and rapid technological changes, organizations need to, in addition to using their existing capabilities, develop new and essential capabilities to compete in a dynamic environment. Therefore, we need to use a concept called organizational ambidextrousness. Duncan (1976), first, used the term organizational ambidexterity to describe the structural conflict between an organization's dual demands. Ambidexterity is an organizational capacity to the optimum achievement of two incompatible organizational goals. And the organization, while discovering new capabilities, make the most of existing capabilities at the same time. Therefore, two criteria of exploration and exploitation are used in this research. However, the research community is considered as small and medium companies. Because the government has always adopted special strategies and policies to promote small and medium industries in order to ensure competition in the free market and prevented members of the large companies to facilitate the entry of entrepreneurial companies into the field of economic. Results and discussion The results show that entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on open innovation in small and medium companyies. Entrepreneurial orientation has five dimensions. The study of the effect of each of these dimensions on open innovation is presented in the form of secondary hypotheses. Among of all, the dimension of “pioneering” (with the coefficient of 0.28) and the dimension of “independence” (with the coefficient of 0.24) have the most impact on open innovation. The study of entrepreneurial orientation on organizational ambidexterity shows that “leadership” (with the coefficient of 0.24) and “aggressive competition” (with the coefficient of 0.29) have the greatest impact on organizational ambivalence. In addition, organizational dualism directly explains 78% of the changes in the open innovation variable. Also, entrepreneurial orientation using the role of dual power mediator of 0.95 is effective on changes in open innovation. Conclusion The results of the present research hypotheses examining the effect of the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, open innovation and organizational ambiguity are positive and significant. Overall, the effect of the mediating role of ambidexterity on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and open innovation has been confirmed. Therefore, the managerial actions towards the creation of entrepreneurial orientation in the organization are functionalized through conduction the ambidexterity. Consequently, organizations achieve greater consistency and permanency that eventually leads to new knowledge and ideas. This will provide the accumulative creation of new knowledge and ideas among the organizations. According to the results, implications are proposed as: developing the opportunities to conduct research and maximizing entrepreneurship among employees. Negotiation of knowledge should be made for small companies in collaboration with large companies in order to take advantages of their modern technologies; managers should create the collaboration between the research department and the executive sections for identification of new knowledge and ideas and utilize the knowledge for setting their organizational goals reaching the optimum performance.
Competency, has long been attractive of the ordinance man-made of Islam and consequently, Iranian culture has been after Islam. According to subject of competency models of human resource managers ...with Islamic approach, it has been fewer attractive for researchers, so this research want to offering competency model of human resource managers within Islamic value system in the university of Sistan and Baluchestan (USB). In this research, statistical society, covering 113 people of managers and Expert, Professor, PhD student and Masters student in human resource management (HRM) area of usb; then total of 80 questionnaires were collected and analyzed as a sample. In this research, beginning, examined the library studies, foundations theoretical and history of research, then, according to collected information, the main concepts research (contains capabilities and individual features, knowledge, skills and attitudes of human resources (HR) managers) discover, and became operational within Islamic value system that in total, extracted decahedron ( ten – sides ) and forty-three indicators. Then, this questionnaire, made, designed, broadcasted and were collected and all the data, Analyzed with software, SPSS 19, "T single – sample'' methods and friedman test. Findings and research, in addition to the approved concepts and dimensions identified as dimensions, showed that concept of skill and ability are more important and knowledge and awareness are less important.
Accurate identification, attracting, and keeping the customers particularly loyal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) with the goal of optimum allotment of resources and achievement to higher ...profit is not a competitive profit, but it is a life persistence necessity of companies in virtual space. One of the challenges of companies in this part is how to identify the customer’s traits and the separation of different segments of them. Now Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) is the comparison priority in the segmentation of customers to congruous segments. The main goal of this research is to identify key or strategic customers using the RFM model. In this part after determining the amount of Recency, Frequency and Monetary (RFM) in, registered transactions of one store in Iran (Refah Chain Store) at a time about seven months from 23 September 2017 to 20 April 2018 (71161 transactions as final inputs were used), the weight of each variable according to the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was determined. At the next stage customers using the K-means and Two-step’s algorithms were clustered and K-means the method according to the Silhouette index was the better algorithm of this letter. According to the results, customers were segmented into three parts and CLV was calculated and for identifying key or strategic customer segmentation, the clustering process was repeated and priorities of all clusters were indicated. Results of data analysis are below: Segment 3: customers of this segment were 3425 members and 11.5% of all company customers were the most loyal customers those are identified as golden customer's segment and all of the variables were higher than average of all data. This research identified the valuable customers for the shop, and it gives them a chance to choose goal customers and invest in them.
Abstract One of the digital business trends is the use of business-based networking. Social networks provide an opportunity for entrepreneurs to find better ideas for creating a digital business. The ...purpose of this study was investigating the impact of social networks on digital entrepreneurship with the role of mediating opportunity recognition. The study is applied research and data collection is a descriptive and survey method. The statistical population of the study was directors and experts of 35 knowledge-based companies based in Kerman Science and Technology Park, In each company, two or three depend on number (managers, experts and topic experts) were questioned. By combining questionnaires, 35 questionnaires were selected as samples. SPSS and SMART PlS have been used to analyze the data. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and its combined reliability and its validity through congruent and divergent validity method.The results of the research showed that social networks have a positive and significant effect on the creation of digital entrepreneurship. Among the dimensions of social networks, the content of social relationships (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 0.445), information transfer (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 0.214) and social information resources (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 182.0), had the greatest impact on entrepreneurship Have digital. Regarding the variable of opportunity recognition, among the dimensions of social networks, the content of social relationships (with impact intensity coefficient of 0.339) had the greatest impact on opportunity recognition. Introduction With the arrival of the era known as the Information Society, the theme of entrepreneurship in the digital environment has become prominent among service activists and producers. Digital entrepreneurship is the use of opportunities created through the Internet, mobile technology and new media and facilitates the exchange, transfer and acquisition of knowledge. Nowaday discovery product production is a requirement in a society and requirement identification has a close relationship with chance discovery. So what is important in entrepreneurship is the recognition of opportunity. Opportunity detection. is the ability to identify an idea and turn it into a commercial-economic concept. Access to relevant information plays an essential role in recognizing the opportunity, and those who have more access to information discovery find more opportunities than those who are deprived of information. Social networks are all the people with whom the entrepreneur has a direct relationship, such as family members, partners, suppliers, customers, investors, and other creditors and distributors. One of the motivations for using these networks is the sharing of knowledge, new ideas and, ultimately, the dynamics of the economy. Case study The statistical population of the study was directors and experts of 35 knowledge-based companies based in Kerman Science and Technology Park, In each company, two or three depend on number (managers, experts and topic experts) were questioned. By combining questionnaires, 35 questionnaires were selected as samples. Research Methods The purpose of this study was with investigate the impact of social networks on digital entrepreneurship with the role of mediating opportunity recognition. The statistical population of the study was directors and experts of 35 knowledge-based companies based in Kerman Science and Technology Park, In each company, two or three By number (managers, experts and topic experts) were questioned. By combining questionnaires, 35 questionnaires were selected as samples. SPSS and SMART PlS have been used to analyze the data. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and its combined reliability and its validity through congruent and divergent validity method Discussion and Results The results of the research showed that social networks have a positive and significant effect on the creation of digital entrepreneurship. Among the dimensions of social networks, the content of social relationships (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 0.445), information transfer (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 0.214) and social information resources (with a coefficient of impact intensity of 182.0), had the greatest impact on entrepreneurship Have digital. Regarding the variable of opportunity recognition, among the dimensions of social networks, the content of social relationships (with impact intensity coefficient of 0.339) had the greatest impact on opportunity recognition. Conclusion The overall results of the research showed that the four dimensions of social networks (Content of social relationships, social information resources, social relations structure, information transfer) In the development of digital entrepreneurship (Opportunity analysis, Website creation and development, E-marketing program, Performance, E-commerce development) By mediating variable opportunity recognition. The results of the research on the first hypothesis of research show that social networks have a direct and significant effect on digital entrepreneurship; So membership in these networks and the using the virtual social networks are effective in developing digital entrepreneurship. The results of the second hypothesis show that social networks have a significant effect on the recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities. Between dimensions of social networks, the content of social relationships (with a coefficient of effect intensity of 0.33) had the greatest impact on the recognition of the opportunity. The results of the third hypothesis showed that the recognition of entrepreneurship opportunities has a significant effect on digital entrepreneurship. The fourth hypothesis shows that social networks have a direct and significant impact on digital entrepreneurship. According to the findings of the research, suggestions are made to improve the performance of companies. 1. Using the capacities and capabilities of virtual social networks, the Internet and social media in identifying entrepreneurial opportunities.2. Using the information and knowledge of coaches, informal social networks and participation in specialized meetings to identify entrepreneurial opportunities. Using the virtual social networks and the Internet in electronic marketing.
Extended Abstract Linguistic Justice is one of the emerging concepts in the field of social justice and organization justice. This concept emphasized on the necessity of having justice on in all ...Verbal and Linguistic tools. When the citizens do not understand the existence of justice in the words and manners of governmental managers of their own societies, They trust of the public managers will reduce and that social capital will reduce too. Accordingly, this research studies on the effect of linguistic justice of managers of governmental agencies on social capital brokered deals with public trust. Statistical Society of research includes the 26 Directorate of General of South Khorasan province, with a total of 2750 employees is the official contract that according to Morgan and disproportionate stratified random sampling, 338 samples were selected. Content validity of Questionnaires According to The experts confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire of linguistic justice, social capital and public trust based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively were 0.929, 0.950 and 0.9; The results showed a direct impact on social capital of linguistic justice was equal to 0.917 and in indirect impact due to public confidence mediator is equal to 0.120. Based on these results, managers of governmental organizations can improve the social capital of organizations by having linguistic justice in organizations and strengthen public confidence in the organization. Introduction Due to the inclusive and comprehensive roles of organization in social life and the use of sentences, expressions and specific vocabulary, the role of justice in the form of a new concept of linguistic justice is clearer than ever. Modern organizations are miniature of society and justice in their language is as the justice in society (Pourezzat and Alvani, 1383: 6). This concept as one of the most controversial aspects of justice is among the many factors that affect the public confidence. According to Denhart 2 (1999) a lot of people do not trust the government; because they believe that governments do not perform well. Hence, governments are trying to improve this reliability through increasing the efficiency, accountability, transparency and justice. On the other hand, according to Putnam 3 (2000), social capital 4 deals essentially with confidence. Leading a relationship to the engagement, and for a person who wants to establish successful relationship with the network, trust is essential. Public trust 5, as a social capital is the basis of many interactions and everyday practices in human societies both in interpersonal and social relationships between groups. In most communities, due to a combination of factors such as the lack of social capital, the confidence in the government and the subsidiaries are dropped down. (Gharekhani et al., 1393: 941-940) Given that organization is a social system that its life and sustainability depends on a strong link between its constituent elements, perceiving the injustices has a harmful effect on the mood of social work because it affects the efforts of human resources and employee motivation (Syd javadin et al., 1387: 55). Therefore, with the development of linguistic justice, public administrators’ language of flattery, humiliation and weakness will be refined in speech and the possibility of domination and hegemony is reduced so that the nature of domination and abuse of power, never overtly and covertly, present in run. (Pourezzat, 1390: 142. Public confidence in the government, on the other hand, is important for directors, employees and agents of the political system because for supporting the development and implementation of public policy as well as effective cooperation and participation of citizens, it plays a central role(Gharekhani et al., 1393: 941).Public confidence could be enhanced when the authorities of integrity show honesty and ethics (Wart & Vanwart, 2012). Although a lot of research in the context of public trust and social capital in organizations and government agencies has been done in our country, but about the language of justice and the impact of its dimensions on the research variables was found any by researchers. Hence, given the critical impotance of linguistic justice, administrators of sgovernment agencies and the special position of trust in government research of this field help us in pursuit of a comprehensive approach and the promotion of social capital in the government agencies. Therefore, it is felt that whether the language justice of administrators of government agencies has a meaningful effect on social capital. In addition, whether the public trust can be effective as a mediator between the language justice and social capital? Research Methodology The current study, in terms of functional goal and the collecting data is a descriptive research and a field study and in terms of the relationship between the variables is reasonable. Research method is also of survey kind. Considering that in this study, researcher sought to examine the impact of linguistic justice of administrators of government agencies on public trust is with the social capital intermediary, all 26 employees of the Directorate General of South Khorasan province were selected as the population of this study. The sample has been set by Morgan table and the statistical sampling method based on the volume of each offices .Also in this study a questionnaire was used to collect data. Reliability of linguistic justice, social capital and public confidence questionnaire was established using Cronbach's alpha coefficient 929/0, 950/0, 9.0 respectively. To analyze the research results, the software SPSS and AMOS were used. Discussion and conclusion In this study, the impact of linguistic justice of managers of government agencies on social capital based on the public confidence was investigated. According to the results of the first hypothesis, it was found that a significant positive impact on social capital is resulted from the linguistic justice.Based on these results, taking steps to promote fairness of linguistic justice in government agencies is the most important way that helps managers promote the social capital in their organization in addition to the benefits of linguistic justice. On the other hand, judgments about the fairness of the organizations have influence on the attitudes such as the legitimacy of authority in the organization. In addition, when people feel that the outcomes and organizational practices are unfair, may have worse performance and fail in doing consequential behaviors in organizations and it is less likely that obey the decisions of authority and therefore show more protest reactions. The perceived lack of fairness in the workplace, in deed is one of the main factors affecting aggressive behavior. These behaviors undermined the creation and development of social capital in organizations. According to the results of the second hypothesis, it was found that there is a significant and positive impact on public confidence linguistic justice. In fact, the language of justice is of the major causes of public trust. In any society, public confidence is so closely related to justice. The lack of language of flattery, discriminatory and humiliating and urging people to avoid them just adds the capacity of linguistic justice development and consequently it just adds to express behaviors. Also respect to the right pivot in the words of managers leads to the attraction of citizens' trust. According to the results of the third hypothesis, the relationship between public trust and social capital has been approved. Such a consequence is a logical conclusion. As a result many studies, including Fokoyama, 2005; Donoghue & Tranter, 2012 and Sadeghian et al 1393, has shown that if the relations among members is highly trusted their desire for social exchange and cooperation increases. One could imagine that public trust and social capital reinforce each other. Social capital often creates relationships of trust and trust in turn leads to the formation of social capital. As government agencies are closely linked to citizens, the proper management of this connection leads to the management of public confidence as one of the most important social capital besides the economic capital. Finally, according to the last hypothesis results, Public Trust as mediator in the relationship between Linguistic Justice and Social capital has some impacts. in the other words, the existence of Public Trust can improve the impact of Linguistic Justice on Social capital.
At the present time, organizations must provide conditions that all employees benefit from the entrepreneurial spirit and be able to easily and individually or collectively, to implement their ...entrepreneurial activities. This requires the institutionalization of corporate entrepreneurship. The aim of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the performance of institutionalization of corporate entrepreneurship is the city of Bam in Kerman automobile engine. . This study was conducted within the Persian date Brahman 93 to Persian date Chorded 94 and the target application. The main objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the performance of the institutionalization of entrepreneurship in Kerman Motor Company, manufacturer of Bam city with the approach of hierarchical analysis. Research in terms of research purpose and in terms of subject matter and questions, descriptive - survey research is. Experts’ questionnaire was used to collect data. The study population includes managers and professionals whose Kerman engine due to the limitation of using census questionnaire 40 questionnaires were distributed, of which 5 were not returned Studies show that top the rankings of entrepreneurship education, and so is the rest of factors: research and development, networking, human resources entrepreneurs, top management support, encourage entrepreneurial behavior, a dynamic business environment , entrepreneurial corporate culture, organizational structure of entrepreneurial, strategic planning, entrepreneurial, the complexity of labor relations in the value chain.
