This study sought to retrospectively investigate outcomes of lead extraction by using pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scans to identify risk of complicated lead extraction to aid in ...pre-procedural planning.
Transvenous lead extractions remain high-risk procedures requiring specialized operators, equipment, and surgical backup. Data are lacking for how to identify difficult lead extractions. CT scans, which can illustrate the proximity of the lead to adherent venous structures can potentially aid in identifying difficult lead extractions.
All cases of patients who were undergoing transvenous lead extractions at the authors’ institution between 2015 and 2018, who had a pre-operative CT scan prior to lead extraction, were reviewed. The images were retrospectively reviewed to examine adherence of leads to the surrounding vein and obtained procedural outcomes.
A total of 203 cases were reviewed of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction who had a pre-operative CT scan, and scans were separated based on lead location in the superior vena cava, as assessed by CT imaging. Scans were divided into 3 groups: those in a central location or <1 cm adherence (n = 28); those that had at least 1 lead with tip adherent >1 cm (n = 137); or those that had at least 1 lead outside the vein contour (n = 38). Although there was only 1 serious complication requiring vascular surgery intervention, patients with at least 1 lead outside the vein contour required significantly longer procedural time (190.8 ± 86.6 min vs. 158.1 ± 73.7 min vs. 142.8 ± 52.2 min; p = 0.019) and fluoroscopy time (33.1 ± 24.2 min vs. 19.6 ± 18.4 min vs. 18.3 ± 16.4 min; p = 0.0006) than those with leads adhering >1 cm and centrally located leads, respectively.
Pre-operative CT scanning can identify difficult lead extractions prior to performing the procedure. This information may aid electrophysiologists in the planning of extraction procedures. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Abstract
We present here the FT-IR, DFT computation, XRD, optical, and photophysical characterization of a heterocyclic compound with thienopyrimidine and pyran moieties. TD-DFT/DMOl
3
and ...TD-DFT/CASTEP computations were used to study the geometry of isolated and dimer molecules and their optical behavior. The indirect (3.93 eV) and direct (3.29 eV) optical energy bandgaps, HOMO–LUMO energy gap (3.02 eV), and wavelength of maximum absorption (353 nm) were determined in the gas phase with M062X/6-31+G (d, p). A thin film of the studied molecule was studied using XRD, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The average crystallite size was found as 74.95 nm. Also, the photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed that the compound exhibited different emission bands at the visible range with different intensities depending on the degree of molecular aggregation. For instance, solutions with different concentrations emitted blue, cyan, and green light. On the other hand, the solid-state material produced a dual emission with comparable intensities at λ
max
= 455, 505, and 621 nm to cover the entire visible range and produce white emission from a single material with CIE coordinates of (0.34, 0.32) that are very similar to the ideal pure white light. Consequently, these findings could lead to the development of more attractive new luminous materials.
New compounds of (E)-1-(3-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)methanimine Indol-M and (E)-1-(4-(((3-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)methylene)amino)phenyl)ethan-1-one Indol-A were synthesized and ...subsequently converted to thin films via physical vapor deposition technique. Numerous characterization techniques were used including FTIR, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and optical spectroscopy. Additionally, the optimization using TD-DFTD/Mol3 and Cambridge Serial Total Energy Bundle (TD-FDT/CASTEP) was performed. The XRD and FTIR spectra recorded experimentally were confirmed by TD-DFT calculations, proving their molecular structure. As determined by XRD, the crystallite size of Indol-MTF and Indol-ATF is 72.26 and 62.05 nm, respectively. SEM image depicts a one-dimensional morphological structure made up of tightly packed nanorods. The direct optical energy bandgaps computed using Tauc's equation for the Indol-MTF and Indol-ATF are 4.49 eV and 3.31 eV, respectively. As predicted by CASTEP TD-DFT, the optical properties agree well with the experimental values. Indol-MTF and Indol-ATF present good candidates for optoelectronics and solar cell applications.
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•Nanorod compounds of two Schiff bases were synthesized and characterized.•The crystallite size of Indol-MTF and Indol-ATF is 72.26 nm and 62.05 nm, respectively.•SEM image depicts a one-dimensional morphological structure of tightly packed nanorods.•The direct energy bandgaps for the Indol-MTF and Indol-ATF are 4.49 eV and 3.31 eV.•The large optical energy bandgap nanofiber composite is advantageous for energy storage applications.
The powder form of the new indole derivative 4-(((3-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl) methylene) amino) phenol Indol-4Ap was synthesized and subsequently converted to a thin film Indol-4ApTF using the Sol-Gel ...spin coating technique. Numerous characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) optical spectroscopy were used to characterize Indol-4ApTF. Additionally, using density functional theory (DFT), optimization tvia TD-DFTD/Mol3 and Cambridge Serial Total Energy Bundle (TD-FDT/CASTEP) was developed. The DFT calculations accurately matched the observed NMR and FTIR spectra and validated the molecular structure of the examined materials. The average crystallite size of Indol-4ApTF, as determined by XRD calculations, is 12.02 nm. The optical properties of the films were determined using optical absorbance spectrophotometric measurements in the 200–800 nm wavelength range. The optical energy bandgaps computed using Tauc's equation for the Indol-4ApTF are 3.152 and 2.751 eV, respectively. Whereas the Indol-4Apiso has a bandgap of 3.074 eV as determined by TD-DFT/DMol3. The optical characteristics predicted by CASTEP in TD-DFT are in excellent agreement with the experimental values. The investigated compound has a large optical energy bandgap which is advantageous for some energy storage applications.
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•Synthesis of Indol-4ApTF thin film using the Sol-Gel spin coating technique.•Characterization of thin film by using FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and XRD.•Smiulated data (DFT) of the thin films are made and compared with Experimental.•Geometric study of nanocomposite was made by using DMOl3/TD-DFT and CASTEP/TD-DFT designs.•The crystallite size (D) value average and energy gap are 12.02 nm and ≅ 3.04 eV for Indol-4ApTF.
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