This paper focuses on a novel hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system designed for developing the automatic operation of the axle lifting and dropping system for heavy trucks for compliance with the ...European Union Mass and Dimensions Policy and for evaluating the developed system for different axle loading, road slippage, truck speed, handbrake position and driver input combinations. Such a system is expected to be advantageous over manual operation in fuel consumption, tire wear, road surface damage and ease of taking off on slippery surfaces. An auto lift/drop algorithm in the form of a State Transition Diagram (STM) was developed to meet these requirements and has been implemented in the developed HIL simulation system that contains mechanical, pneumatic, electrical and control elements and a TruckMaker simulation model. In the HIL simulator, the electronic control unit (ECU) operated as if it is working in the real truck. Comprehensive scenarios can be generated and executed in this HIL simulation environment to test the algorithm and the set-up itself before the more expensive and time consuming experimental verification with a real truck. This approach allowed the lift axle automation algorithm and hardware to be tested fully in a safe lab environment where the algorithm could be improved and optimized Results of the HIL simulation verified the advantages of such an automated lift axle lifting and dropping system over manually operated axle dropping systems. The developed system was successfully implemented later in a truck and was used in series production trucks.
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of the Brucella Coombs Gel Test (BCGT), a new serological diagnosis test, with the methods used in routine laboratory such as Brucella ...immuncapture test (BCAP), Standard Tube Agglutination (STA), Rose Bengal (RB) and ELISA for the diagnosis of brucellosis.Patients and Method: The serum samples of 107 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of brucellosis sent from three different clinics (internal medicine, infectious disease and pediatric clinics) were subjected to four different diagnostic methods (BCAP, RB, STA, and ELISA). The correlations between these diagnostic tests were analyzed using the Cohen’s Kappa test. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of BCGT were measured.Results: According to the obtained data, the positivity of different Brucella tests (BCAP, RB, STA, BCGT, ELISA IgG and IgM) were 102 (95.3%), 96 (89.7%), 80 (74.8%), 100 (93.5%), 104 (97.2%) and 101 (94.3%), respectively. According to the Kappa test results, there was strong agreement between BCAP and BCGT (κ=0.824). Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity values of BCGT in our study were 98.08% and 71.43%, respectively.Conclusion: BCGT is a rapid, cost-effective and highly sensitive test, which appears to be a promising technique for the diagnosis of human brucellosis; however, further scientific studies are needed to support the applicability of this test in routine laboratories.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, rutin laboratuvarlarda brusellozun tanısında kullanılan Brucella immuncapture test (BCAP), Rose Bengal (RB), Standart Tüp Aglütinasyon (STA) ve ELISA testleri ile yeni bir serolojik test olan Brucella Coombs Gel Test (BCGT)’in etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Hastalar ve Yöntem: Dâhiliye, enfeksiyon hastalıkları ve pediatri kliniklerinden bruselloz ön tanısı ile laboratuvarımıza gönderilen 107 hastaya ait serum örneklerinde BCAP, RB, STA, ELISA IgG/IgM ve BCGT testleri uygulanmıştır. Cohen’s Kappa testi ile tanı testleri arasındaki uyum istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, BCGT testinin duyarlılık, özgüllük, pozitif ve negatif prediktif değerleri saptanmıştır.Bulgular: Elde edilen verilere göre; 107 hastanın 102’si (95.3%) BCAP testi ile 96’sı (%89.7) RB testi ile 80’i (%74.8) STA testi ile 100’ü (%93.5) BCGT ile 104’ü (%97.2) ELISA IgG testi ile ve 101’i (94.3%) ELISA IgM testi ile pozitif olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda (Cohen’s Kappa Test), BCAP ile BCGT (κ=0.824) arasında güçlü uyum saptanmıştır. Ayrıca BCGT testinin duyarlılık ve özgüllüğü sırasıyla %98.08 ve %71.43 olarak saptanmıştır.Sonuç: BCGT insan brusellozunun tanısında kullanılabilecek umut vadeden bir teknik gibi görünen, hızlı, az maliyetli ve yüksek duyarlılığa sahip bir testtir. Ancak, bu testin rutin laboratuvarlarında kullanılabilirliğini destekleyecek daha fazla bilimsel çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
The present paper deals with the optimization of the three components of cutting forces and the Material Removal Rate (MRR) in the turning of AISI 5140 steel. The Harmonic Artificial Bee Colony ...Algorithm (H-ABC), which is an improved nature-inspired method, was compared with the Harmonic Bee Algorithm (HBA) and popular methods such as Taguchi’s S/N ratio and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in order to achieve the optimum parameters in machining applications. The experiments were performed under dry cutting conditions using three cutting speeds, three feed rates, and two depths of cuts. Quadratic regression equations were identified as the objective function for HBA to represent the relationship between the cutting parameters and responses, i.e., the cutting forces and MRR. According to the results, the RSM (72.1%) and H-ABC (64%) algorithms provide better composite desirability compared to the other techniques, namely Taguchi (43.4%) and HBA (47.2%). While the optimum parameters found by the H-ABC algorithm are better when considering cutting forces, RSM has a higher success rate for MRR. It is worth remarking that H-ABC provides an effective solution in comparison with the frequently used methods, which is promising for the optimization of the parameters in the turning of new-generation materials in the industry. There is a contradictory situation in maximizing the MRR and minimizing the cutting power simultaneously, because the affecting parameters have a reverse effect on these two response parameters. Comparing different types of methods provides a perspective in the selection of the optimum parameter design for industrial applications of the turning processes. This study stands as the first paper representing the comparative optimization approach for cutting forces and MRR.
Dacarbazine (DAC) 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide is an imidazole-carboxamide derivative that is structurally related to purines. DAC belongs to the triazene compounds, which are ...a group of alkylating agents with antitumor and mutagenic properties. DAC is a non-cell cycle specific drug, active in all phases of the cellular cycle. In the frame of this work the 3d metal complexes (cobalt and copper) with dacarbazine were synthesized. Their spectroscopic properties by the use of FT-IR, FT-Raman, and 1HNMR were studied. The structures of dacarbazine and its complexes with copper(II) and cobalt(II) were calculated using DFT methods. The effect of metals on the electronic charge distribution of dacarbazine was discussed on the basis of calculated NBO atomic charges. The reactivity of metal complexes in relation to ligand alone was estimated on the basis of calculated energy of HOMO and LUMO orbitals. The aromaticity of the imidazole ring in dacarbazine and the complexes were compared (on the basis of calculated geometric indices of aromaticity). Thermal stability of the investigated 3d-metal complexes with dacarbazine and the products of their thermal decomposition were analyzed.
Amaç –Bu çalışmanın amacı, hekimlerin duygusal emek davranışları ve tükenmişlik olgusu arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde bahsi geçen iki boyut arasında nasıl bir ilişki olduğu ...sorusuna cevap aranmaya çalışılmıştır.Yöntem –Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını hekimler oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların belirlenebilmesi için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden biri olan ölçüt örnekleme türü kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada yarı-yapılandırılmış mülakat formu kullanılarak, 15 hekimle derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmecilerin ifadeleri, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmeye çalışılmış, birbirine benzeyen veriler belirli kavramlar ve temalar haline getirilerek araştırmayı okuyan kişilerin anlamasını sağlayacak şekilde yorumlanmıştır.Bulgular –Araştırmada duygusal emeğin yüzeysel davranış, derinlemesine davranış ve samimi davranış boyutlarıyla tükenmişliğin duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı hissinde azalma boyutları ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda meslekte geçirilen sürenin artmasıyla birlikte hekimlerin, hasta ve hasta yakınlarına karşı duyarsızlaştıkları görülmüştür. Hekimlerin duygusal çelişki yaşadığı durumlarda daha fazla duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı hissinde azalma yaşadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Tartışma –Bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, derinlemesine davranış gösteren hekimlerde de duygusal tükenmenin görülebileceği sonucuna varılabilir. Ancak yüzeysel davranış sergileyen hekimlerin ise daha fazla tükendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Purpose –The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between physicians' emotional labor behaviors and burnout phenomenon. For this purpose, it has been tried to find an answer to the question of what kind of relationship there is between the two dimensions mentioned.Design/methodology/approach –The interview technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The participants of the study are physicians. Criterion sampling type, which is one of the purposive sampling methods, was used to determine the participants.In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 physicians using a semi-structured interview form. The statements of the interviewees were tried to be analyzed by content analysis method.Similar data were made into themes and interpreted in a way that would enable the people who read the research to understand it.Findings–In this study, the dimensions of emotional labor; surface acting, deep acting and genuine emotion were tried to associated with the dimensions of burnout; emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decrease in the sense of personal accomplishment. As aresult of the study, with the increase in the time spent in the profession, it was observed that physicians became insensitive to patients and their relatives. It was concluded that when the physicians experienced emotional contradiction, they experienced more emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased sense of personal accomplishment.Discussion –When the findings are evaluated, it can be concluded that emotional exhaustion can also be seen in physicians who show deep acting. However, it has been concluded that physicians who exhibit surface acting are more exhausted.
İnsan kaynakları yönetimi disiplinine ve insan kaynağına verilen değerin son yıllarda dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de öneminin arttığı söylenebilir. İnsan kaynakları yönetimi bir organizasyonda ...çalışanların bulunduğu her konumdadır. İnsana değer vermeyi temel alan insan kaynakları yönetimi, çalışandan yüksek seviyede verim alabilmek için organizasyonda eğitim ve geliştirme faaliyetlerinde bulunmaktadır. Bunun beraberinde nitelikli insan kaynağının yetiştirilmesinin insan kaynakları yönetimi alanında iyi bir eğitim alınmasıyla da mümkün olabileceği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada Türkiye’de yükseköğretim kurumlarında yer alan insan kaynakları yönetimi alanında verilen eğitim öğretim programları incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın yapıldığı tarih itibariyle insan kaynakları yönetimi alanında Türkiye’de aktif olarak 36 ön lisans, 13 lisans, 37 yüksek lisans ve 3 doktora programlarında teorik ve pratik eğitimler verilmektedir. Çalışmada ele alınan insan kaynakları yönetimi lisans ders planlarının başta işletme disiplini olmak üzere disiplinler arası bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Fakat ön lisans, yüksek lisans ve doktora programlarında işletme bölümü derslerinden ziyade insan kaynakları yönetimiyle doğrudan bağlantılı olan dersler ekseninde yoğunlaştığını söylemek mümkündür.
It can be said that the value given to the discipline of human resources management and human resources has increased in recent years in our country as well as in the world. Human resource management is in every position of employees in an organization. It is known that raising qualified human resources can be possible with a good education in the field of human resources management. For this reason, education and training programs in the field of human resources management in higher education institutions in Turkey were examined in this study. As of the date of the study, theoretical and practical trainings are given actively in 36 associate, 13 undergraduate, 37 graduate and 3 doctorate programs in the field of human resources management in Turkey. It has been seen that the human resources management undergraduate course plans discussed in the study have an interdisciplinary structure, especially the business discipline. However, it is possible to say that in associate, master's and doctoral programs, it concentrates on courses that are directly related to human resources management rather than business administration courses.
•Geometrical model of a gripper designed from spherical mechanism.•Static analysis of grasped objects with various geometry.•Contact force measurement in grasp experiment.•Comparison of calculated ...and measured contact forces along the trajectory.•Grasp tests for objects with various geometry.
This paper evaluates grasp capability of a new three-fingered gripper driven by optimal spherical four-link mechanism design. The optimal mechanism provided a trajectory that is approximately a grate circle arc. Therefore, independently driven three fingers of prototype either surround or compress an object with only one degree of freedom for each finger. Thus, the gripper provided both force-closure and form-closure grasp. The force variation of fingertip along the trajectory was presented comparative to calculations for 32 static cases of grasped cylindrical objects. Regression analysis between calculated values and measured data showed %99 reliability. The mechanism provided contact force between 155-215 N along the trajectory. The lifting load capability of the gripper without slip on ceramic surface with low friction was measured by using a commercial single side rubber band on the fingertips. 9 ± 0.05 kg lift capability for cylindrical objects without slip was observed. The prototype was tested for 11 grasp operations and 8 objects with various geometry. Each of the test showed success in the first grasp trial.
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