SNAI2 overexpression appears to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, yet it remains unclear in which breast cancer subtypes this occurs. Here we show that excess SNAI2 is associated ...with a poor prognosis of luminal B HER2
/ERBB2
breast cancers in which SNAI2 expression in the stroma but not the epithelium correlates with tumor proliferation. To determine how stromal SNAI2 might influence HER2
tumor behavior,
-deficient mice were crossed with a mouse line carrying the
protooncogene to generate HER2
/ERBB2
breast cancer. Tumors generated in this model expressed SNAI2 in the stroma but not the epithelium, allowing for the role of stromal SNAI2 to be studied without interference from the epithelial compartment. The absence of SNAI2 in the stroma of HER2
/ERBB2
tumors is associated with: (i) lower levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and reduced tumor epithelium proliferation; (ii) higher levels of AKT and a lower incidence of metastasis; (iii) lower levels of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), and more necrosis. Together, these results indicate that the loss of SNAI2 in cancer-associated fibroblasts limits the production of some cytokines, which influences AKT/ERK tumor signaling and subsequent proliferative and metastatic capacity of ERBB2
breast cancer cells. Accordingly, SNAI2 expression in the stroma enhanced the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2
/ERBB2
breast cancers. This work emphasizes the importance of stromal SNAI2 in breast cancer progression and patients' prognosis. SIGNIFICANCE: Stromal SNAI2 expression enhances the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2
breast cancers and can identify a subset of patients with poor prognosis, making SNAI2 a potential therapeutic target for this disease. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/23/5216/F1.large.jpg.
Universities play a key role in the development of society, and their involvement in sustainable development will be crucial in changing current practices in society towards sustainable development. ...Thus, information about the measures and actions taken towards sustainable development needs to be communicated to all university stakeholders. Sustainability reporting is a voluntary tool for disclosing efforts towards sustainable development, but little research has analysed the diffusion of sustainability reporting among universities. This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to explain the worldwide diffusion of sustainability reporting in universities. At the macro level, regressions using logistic curves showed the stage of diffusion regarding sustainability reporting for different regions around the world. At the micro level, two types of data were analysed to assess the sustainable practices used among universities: (i) data from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) sustainability reporting database and (ii) sustainability reports from the GRI database. The results indicate that the diffusion of sustainability reporting is still at an early stage in universities, and no massive diffusion is expected based on the current data, despite the increasing concerns about sustainability in young people and other university stakeholders. Some actions need to be taken to persuade universities to adopt reporting standards and to highlight the benefits and necessity of sustainability reporting. Some European universities, which are the most active universities in providing sustainability reports, have improved their visibility by adopting the GRI, thus increasing their endowments and facilitating their ability to raise funds for future sustainability activities.
•Sustainable development in universities is crucial in changing practices in society.•This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.•The results indicate that sustainability reporting is still at an early stage.
The health crisis caused by the pandemic COVID-19 has been of such magnitude that the drop-off in economic and tourist activity in most countries is generating an economic crisis with consequences ...that are still difficult to measure. The present work analyses the origins and evolution of the coronavirus pandemic and reviews the literature related to the impacts and recovery strategies that were implemented in previous crisis situations affecting the hotel industry. In order to focus the study on one country, Spain was selected based on tourism indicators, the importance of tourism for this country and the importance of Spain as a leader in international tourist destinations. The influence of the pandemic on the Spanish tourism sector and, more specifically, on its hospitality industry is explored in depth. In addition, the main initiatives to support the tourism and hospitality sector that have been undertaken at the global, European and national levels are highlighted and, finally, the response and recovery strategies of the five largest Spanish hotel chains to guarantee a COVID-19-free stay in their facilities and to recover the accommodation activity are discussed.
► We examined the strategic reaction of Madrid hotels to the 2008 financial crisis. ► High quality, branded hotels with a loyal customer base perform better during the crisis. ► Reactive meaures ...(i.e. cost-cutting) characterize worst performers.
The 2008 financial crisis weakened the hospitality sector severely, like other industries. This paper investigates the response of the Spanish hospitality sector to the crisis by analyzing a sample of almost 70% of Madrid hotels. In particular, this research focuses on the connection between the impacts of the crisis, the measures taken to alleviate the crisis and an individual hotel's performance. The study shows that hotels that focus on high quality, brand image and a loyal customer base are best equipped to handle the crisis. Increased spending on marketing also eases the impact of the crisis. Cost-cutting measures characterize the worst performers. Contrary to the results presented in the literature, the crisis had no immediately visible negative impact upon an individual hotel's performance. Therefore, hotels should focus on quality, branding, a reliance on loyal customers and increasing marketing to counteract the crisis.
BACKGROUND // Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) show a high prevalence of sleep problems. Adding to these problems,
another factor appeared two years ago: the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives of ...this study were to describe the sleep quality and
habits in a sample of EMTs in Spain during COVID-19 pandemic considering the factors related to them.
METHODS // A national cross-sectional study was carried out in Spain between October 2020 and February 2021. EMTs who worked
in basic and advanced life support ambulances were invited to participate in an online survey. Several sociodemographic variables
were analyzed, as well as sleep quality, stress symptoms, pain, food consumption and physical activity. Logistic regression models
were used to examine the associations between these variables and sleep quality.
RESULTS // 340 EMTs participated in the study. Of them, 59.4% had poor sleep quality and the habits of 32.2% got worse during the
pandemic. The EMTs with a poor sleep quality presented in higher proportion stress symptoms (OR: 4.19; 95% CI: 2.16-8.11; p<0.001),
pain (OR: 3.19; 95% CI: 1.7-6.01; p<0.001) and a weekly consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages greater than two glasses (OR: 3.6;
95% CI: 1.86-6.98; p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS // EMTs show a high prevalence of poor sleep quality, which got worse during the pandemic. The factors related
to them are stress, pain and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. This study provides important information so that the
emergency services can develop health promotion programs focused on these professionals.
FUNDAMENTOS // Los Técnicos en Emergencias Sanitarias (TES) presentan una alta prevalencia de problemas de sueño. A estos
problemas se sumó otro factor hace dos años: la pandemia de la COVID-19. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la calidad y
hábitos de sueño en una muestra de TES en España durante la pandemia, teniendo en cuenta sus factores relacionados.
MÉTODOS // Se realizó un estudio transversal de carácter nacional, que fue desarrollado en España entre octubre de 2020 y febrero
de 2021. Los TES que trabajaban en ambulancias de Soporte Vital Básico o Avanzado fueron invitados a participar en un cuestionario
online. Se analizaron varias variables sociodemográficas, la calidad del sueño, los síntomas de estrés, el dolor, el consumo alimentario y
la actividad física. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística para examinar las asociaciones entre estas variables y la calidad de sueño.
RESULTADOS // Participaron 340 TES en el estudio. La calidad de sueño del 59,4% era mala y los hábitos de sueño del 32,2%
empeoraron durante la pandemia. Aquellos con un sueño de mala calidad presentaban en mayor proporción síntomas de estrés (OR:
4,19; IC 95%: 2,16-8,11; p<0,001), dolor (OR: 3,19; IC 95%: 1,7-6,01; p<0,001) y un consumo semanal de bebidas azucaradas superior a dos
vasos semanales (OR: 3,6; IC 95%: 1,86-6,98; p<0,001).
CONCLUSIONES // Los TES presentan una alta prevalencia de mala calidad de sueño, habiendo empeorado además durante la
pandemia. Entre sus factores relacionados se encuentran el estrés, el dolor y el consumo de bebidas azucaradas. Este estudio aporta
información importante para que los servicios de emergencias puedan desarrollar programas de promoción de la salud centrados
en estos profesionales.
La diabetes mellitus 1 es la segunda enfermedad crónica y el trastorno endocrino-metabólico más frecuente en la infancia. Se estima una prevalencia entre 1,1 y 1,4/1000 menores de 15 años. En ...Andalucía la prevalencia es mayor (1,7 por mil).
El objetivo del estudio es analizar la calidad de vida y adherencia al tratamiento, centrándonos en la población pediátrica de Andalucía.
Estudio analítico observacional transversal multicéntrico. La muestra fue de 178 pacientes de seis hospitales con Endocrinología Pediátrica. A cada paciente se le entregaron dos cuestionarios; la encuesta de calidad de vida (PedsQL versión 3.0) y adherencia al tratamiento SCI-R. Además, se recogieron datos demográficos, clínicos, del control metabólico, y complicaciones.
Se obtuvieron niveles altos tanto en la adherencia como en la calidad de vida. La primera se relacionó de forma inversa con la edad y la HbA1c, aunque el coeficiente fue tan bajo que no permite sacar conclusiones significativas. La calidad de vida se asoció con el uso de sistema de monitorización continua de glucosa en tiempo real (MCG-TR) integrado con ISCI, así como con menos hipoglucemias graves y complicaciones renales.
La HbA1c media fue 7,1%. El 12,9% de los pacientes usaban ISCI. El 83,2% empleaban exclusivamente la glucemia capilar, mientras que el 16,8% usaba algún dispositivo de monitorización de glucosa intersticial.
Se trata del primer estudio realizado en Andalucía que analiza la calidad de vida en pacientes pediátricos. Los resultados muestran niveles altos de adherencia y de calidad de vida, además de un buen control metabólico.
Diabetes mellitus 1 is the second most frequent chronic disease, and the most frequent endocrine-metabolic disorder in childhood. The estimated prevalence is between 1.1 and 1.4 / 1000 children under 15 years years-old. In Andalusia the prevalence is higher (1.7 per thousand).
The objective of the study is to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adherence to treatment, specifically in the paediatric population of Andalusia.
A multicentre cross-sectional observational analytical study was conducted on a sample of 178 patients from six hospitals with a Paediatric Endocrinology Unit. Each patient received two questionnaires; quality of life (PedsQL version 3.0) and adherence to the self-care recommendations (SCI-R) treatment. The demographic, clinical, metabolic control data, and possible complications were also collected.
High levels were obtained in both adherence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Adherence was inversely related to age and HbA1c. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was associated with the use of a continuous real-time glucose monitoring system (MCG-TR) combined with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), as well as with a lower number of severe hypoglycaemia and renal complications. The mean HbA1c was 7.1%. 12,9% of patients used ISCI. 83.2% used capillary glycemia exclusively, while 16.8% used some interstitial glucose monitoring device.
This is the first study in Andalusia that analyzes the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of pediatric patients. The results show high levels of adherence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), as well as good metabolic control.
The transition from a linear economy to a circular economy (CE) is a real challenge to achieve long‐term sustainability. To push CE in the market, institutional promotion could become a key driver to ...positively impact both circular consumption and the competitiveness of the market. This paper analyzes the influence that soft and hard initiatives have on circular consumption and market competitiveness. Based on a survey of 1,281 respondents from different types of stakeholders, structural equations modeling statistical analysis was run. Results show that soft initiatives support the achievement of both objectives, whereas hard ones only influence greater circular consumption. However, the perception of the different stakeholders considered is very heterogeneous. It is indicative that not all institutional promotion initiatives are effective. Thus, institutions should guide, in an adequate and differentiated manner, their efforts to promote CE and sustainable development depending on the stakeholder they are targeting.
The purpose of this study is to investigate news activators in the preparation of alkali-activated materials (AAMs) alternative to Portland cements by reusing waste glass. Alkali-activated blast ...furnace slag (AAS) constitutes an alternative to Portland cement due to high energy and environmental pollution associated with industrial Portland cement. Moreover, alkali activated materials offer a series of higher properties than ordinary Portland cement (OPC), such as better strength and durability behaviour. However, the rheology of these materials has been much less intensely researched.
The present study aimed to study the effect of waste glass as activator and as replacement of blast furnace slag on the rheological behaviour of AAS pastes, with a comparison between the rheological parameters and fluidity of these pastes to the same parameters in standard cements (CEM I and CEM III/B).
The findings show that AAS paste behaviour of rheology when the activator was a commercial waterglass solution or NaOH/Na2CO3 with waste glass was similar, fit the Herschel-Bulkley model. The formation of primary C-S-H gel in both cases were confirmed. However, the rheological behaviour in standard cements fit the Bingham model. The use of the waste glass may be feasible from a rheological point of view in pastes can be used.
El propósito de este estudio es investigar nuevos activadores alcalinos a través de la reutilización de residuos vítreos en la preparación de materiales activados alcalinamente alternativos al cemento Portland (OPC). Las escorias activadas alcalinamente (AAS) son una alternativa al cemento Portland debido a la alta demanda energética y medioambiental asociada en la producción de este. Además, estos materiales activados alcalinamente ofrecen mejores propiedades que el cemento Portland, como un buen comportamiento mecánico y durable. Sin embargo, el comportamiento reológico de estos materiales ha sido poco investigado.
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo estudiar el efecto del residuo vítreo como activador y como sustitución de la escoria en el comportamiento reológico de las pastas, con una comparación entre los parámetros reológicos y de fluidez de estas pastas frente a los mismos en los cementos normalizados (CEM I and CEM III/B).
Los resultados reológicos de las pastas de escoria activada alcalinamente cuando los activadores fueron una disolución comercial de waterglass y NaOH/Na2CO3 con el residuo vítreo presentaron un comportamiento muy similar, describiendo un modelo Herschel-Bulkley, en donde se confirmó la formación de un gel C-S-H primario en ambos casos. Sin embargo, el comportamiento reológico en los cementos normalizados describe un modelo Bingham. El uso de un residuo vítreo puede ser factible desde un punto de vista reológico en las pastas de escoria activadas alcalinamente.
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