Natural origin molecules represent reliable and excellent sources to overcome some medicinal problems. The study of anticancer, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial activities of
latex were the aim of ...the current research. An investigation using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the major content of the flavonoids are rutin (11.45 µg/mL), quersestin (7.15 µg/mL), naringin (5.25 µg/mL), and hisperdin (6.07 µg/mL), while phenolic had chlorogenic (12.39 µg/mL), syringenic (7.45 µg/mL), and ferulic (5.07 µg/mL) acids in latex of
Via 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, the experiment demonstrated that latex had a potent antioxidant activity with the IC
43.9 µg/mL for scavenging DPPH. Hemolysis inhibition was 58.5% at 1000 µg/mL of latex compared with 91.0% at 200 µg/mL of indomethacin as positive control. Negligible anticoagulant properties of latex were reported where the recorded time was 11.9 s of prothrombin time (PT) and 29.2 s of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at 25 µg/mL, compared with the same concentration of heparin (PT 94.6 s and APPT 117.7 s). The anticancer potential of latex was recorded against PC-3 (97.11% toxicity) and MCF-7 (96.23% toxicity) at 1000 μg/mL with IC
48.26 μg/mL and 40.31 µg/mL, respectively. Disc diffusion assessment for antimicrobial activity recorded that the most sensitive tested microorganisms to latex were
followed by
, with an inhibition zone (IZ) of 31 mm with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (10.2 μg/mL) and 30 mm (MIC, 12.51 μg/mL), respectively. Moreover,
was sensitive (IZ, 28 mm) to latex, unlike black fungus (
). TEM examination exhibited ultrastructure changes in cell walls and cell membranes of
and
treated with latex. Energy scores of the molecular docking of chlorogenic acid with
DNA (7C7N), and Rutin with human prostate-specific antigen (3QUM) and breast cancer-associated protein (1JNX), result in excellent harmony with the experimental results. The outcome of research recommended that the latex is rich in constituents and considered a promising source that contributes to fighting cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.
A thermo-elastic contact problem of functionally graded materials (FGMs) rotating brake disk with different pure brake pad areas under temperature dependent material properties is solved by Finite ...Element Method (FEM). The properties of brake disk change gradually from metal to ceramic by power-law distribution along the radial direction from the inner to the outer surface. Areas of the pure pad are changing while the vertical force is constant. The ratio of brake pad thickness to FGMs brake disk thickness is assumed 0.66. Two sources of thermal loads are considered: (1) Heat generation between the pad and brake disk due to contact friction, and (2) External thermal load due to a constant temperature at inner and outer surfaces. Mechanical responses of FGMs disk are compared with several pad contact areas. The results for temperature-dependent and temperature-independent material properties are investigated and presented. The results show that the absolute value of the shear stress in temperature-dependent material can be greater than that for temperature-independent material. The radial stress for some specific grading index (n = 1.5) is compressive near the inner surface for double contact while it is tensile for a single contact. It is concluded that the radial strain for some specific value of grading index (n = 1) is lower than other FGMs and pure double side contact brake disks.
Recently, antimicrobial resistance has increased globally particularly Candida infections. Most of antifungal drugs used for treating candidiasis became resistant to most of Candida species. In the ...current study, a nanocomposite based on mycosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), nanostarch, nanochitosan was prepared. Results illustrated that twenty-four Candida isolates were isolated from clinical samples. Furthermore, three Candida strains were selected as the most resistant among others toward commercial antifungal drugs; these selected strains were identified genetically as C. glabrata MTMA 19, C. glabrata MTMA 21 and C. tropicalis MTMA 24. Characterization of the prepared nanocomposite was carried out using physiochemical analysis included Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (Uv-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Moreover, the nanocomposite exhibited promising anticandidal activity against C. glabrata MTMA 19, C. glabrata MTMA 21 and C. tropicalis MTMA 24, where the inhibition zones were 15.3, 27 and 28 mm, respectively. Ultrastructure changes observed in nanocomposite-treated C. tropicalis demonstrated disruption of the cell wall which led to cell death. In conclusion, our results confirmed that the novel biosynthesized nanocomposite based on mycosynthesized CuONPs, nanostarch and nanochitosan is a promising anticandidal agent to fight multidrug-resistant Candida.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used powerful anthracycline for treatment of many varieties of malignancies; however its cumulative and dose-dependent cardio-toxicity has been limited its clinical use. ...In the current study, in vivo and in vitro (neonatal rat's cardiomyocytes) experiments were conducted to identify the impact of nifuroxazide (NIFU) on DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, vascular injury, and hemato-toxcity and plot the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Cardiovascular injury was induced in vivo by I.P. injection of an overall dose of DOX (21 mg/kg) administered (3.5 mg/kg) twice weekly for 21 days. NIFU (10 and 30 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily for 21 days, 1 week after DOX injection initiation. In vivo experiments confirmed NIFU to restore blood cells counts and hemoglobin concentration. Moreover, NIFU normalized the myocardial functional status as confirmed by ECG examination and myocardial injury markers; CK-MB, LDH, and AST. NIFU restored the balance between TAC and both of ROS and MDA and down-regulated the protein expression of TLR4, NF-kB, TXNIP, NLR-family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N terminal, with inhibition of the up-stream of NLRP3 and the down-stream DOX-induced pyroptosis. The in vitro assay confirmed well preserved cardiomyocytes' architecture, amelioration of NLRP3/IL-1 β-mediated cell pyroptosis, enhanced cell viability, and improved spontaneous beating. Moreover, NIFU normalized the disturbed aortic oxidant-antioxidant balance; enhanced eNOS- mediated endothelial relaxation, and down regulated IL-1β expression. Thus, NIFU may be proposed to serve as a cardioprotective agent to attenuate DOX-induced cardio-toxicity and vascular injury.
Display omitted
Background
Peritoneal sarcomatosis (PS) is a rare tumor with limited therapeutic options. Bidirectional intraoperative chemotherapy (BDIC) using intravenous ifosfamide and doxorubicin-based ...hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is an emerging treatment for peritoneal malignancies.
Patients and Methods
Patients with PS who underwent CRS/BDIC using intravenous ifosfamide and HIPEC from January 2017 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The last follow-up date was May 2022.
Results
A total of 29 patients were included. Overall survival (OS) rates at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months after CRS/BDIC were 93.1%, 89.2%, 81.4%, and 73.3%, respectively. As of May 2022, 6 patients (20.6%) had died, including four (13.8%) with a proven recurrent tumor and two with incomplete tumor resection completeness of cytoreduction (CC)-2 or CC-3. Of the 20 patients (68.9%) with CC-0 or CC-1, 7 had locoregional tumor recurrence without distant metastasis, whereas the other 13 were alive with no evidence of recurrent tumor in May 2022. Disease recurrence rates were 15% at 6 months and 35% at 12, 24, and 48 months after CRS/BDIC. Clavien–Dindo class ≥ IIIa complications developed in 9 patients (31.0%) with no deaths. Leukopenia occurred in 5 patients (17.2%) and thrombocytopenia in 12 patients (41.3%); these hematologic abnormalities resolved. A total of 9 (31.0%) patients developed nephrotoxicity; all recovered except one, who progressed to chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions
CRS/BDIC using intravenous ifosfamide and doxorubicin-based HIPEC is a potentially effective treatment for PS and has an acceptable rate of complications.
This study was conducted to examine the ameliorative effects of foliar application of some micro-algal (Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis) and some medicinal plant leaves (Salix alba, ...Psidium guajava, and Olea europaea) extracts on Phaseolus vulgaris (Bean) under salinity stress. On a loamy soil, a pots trial was carried out on bean plants grown under salinity stress. Growth characteristics, pigments, osmolytes, total phenol, and antioxidant enzyme contents were determined. S. platensis extract application showed the greatest improvement in shoot length and fresh weight of shoot, which rose 23.5% and 65.1%, respectively compared to the control. The utilized bio-stimulants, particularly S. platensis extracts, remarkably increased the chlorophyll content compared to the control under salinity stress. The photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugars, and soluble protein levels were strengthened by foliar application of bio-stimulant extract. Proline and antioxidant enzyme levels are significantly reduced using algal and plant extracts treatment. These findings support the treatment’s increased contribution to reducing salt stress and their detrimental effects on bean plants.The findings of this study indicate that the use of these biostimulants, especially S. alba, P. guajava, and O. europaea leaf extracts can be considered as an unconventional, ecofriendly, and novel tool in the mitigation of salinity stress.
Ancient schwannomas are a rare variation of schwannomas, with the distinction being based on histopathological examination of the excised specimen. On histopathological examination, ancient ...schwannomas exhibit degenerative changes such as calcification, hyalinization, and cystic necrosis, along with S100 positivity. Complete surgical excision is the mainstay treatment for ancient schwannomas and carries a favorable prognosis. Recurrence is the most common complication, often arising from incomplete surgical excision. Herein, we present a case of a 41-year-old male who presented to our center as a case of a retroperitoneal mass for further investigations and diagnostic workup. Imaging showed a retroperitoneal mass in the right iliac fossa. We proceeded with ultrasound guided needle biopsy, and examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of ancient schwannoma. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgery, and complete surgical excision was achieved. On follow-up 3-months later, the patient is doing well, and no signs of recurrence were found.
BACKGROUND Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Bidirectional intraoperative chemotherapy (BDIC) using concurrent intraperitoneal and intravenous ...chemotherapy in combination with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is an emerging treatment option for selected cases of MPM. It is a locoregional treatment that involves intraoperative chemoperfusion of heated chemotherapy. The administration of systemic along with intraperitoneal chemotherapy allows for a bidirectional chemotherapy gradient in peritoneal tumor cells. The aim of this treatment is eradication of microscopic residual cancer cells after major removal of macroscopic tumor nodules. To date, there is no consensus on the chemotherapeutic regimen that can be used in BDIC to manage MPM in patients with severe renal impairment. Administering intravenous ifosfamide with hyperthermic intraperitoneal cisplatin and doxorubicin is a promising regimen in treating peritoneal mesothelioma. Nephrotoxicity is a dose-limiting adverse effect of cisplatin and ifosfamide. Therefore, dose adjustment is required in patients with renal impairment. CASE REPORT In this report, we describe a 46-year-old female patient with recurrent MPM and severe renal impairment. Her treatment was managed with hyperthermic intraperitoneal cisplatin and doxorubicin along with intravenous ifosfamide following CRS. The cisplatin dose was reduced to 50% and the ifosfamide dose was reduced by 25%. The patient tolerated the procedure well, without deterioration in her renal function. At her 9-month follow-up, she did not report experiencing chemotherapy-related adverse effects, and her kidney function remained stable. CONCLUSIONS Severe renal impairment might not be a contraindication to using potentially nephrotoxic chemotherapeutic agents in CRS-BDIC.
Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors with a high potential for recurrence post-surgery, necessitating prolonged follow-up. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic ...challenges in managing recurrent pheochromocytoma.
A 25-year-old female, with a history of left pheochromocytoma treated with adrenalectomy a decade earlier, presented with a right adrenal mass. Despite controlled hypertension, elevated urine metanephrines suggested recurrence. Imaging showed a right adrenal mass and suspicious left paraaortic lymph nodes, confirming the diagnosis of recurrent malignant pheochromocytoma in the left adrenal bed and right adrenal gland, with metastasis to the paraaortic lymph nodes. The patient underwent right adrenalectomy coupled with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in the form of excision of left-sided adrenal bed recurrence and left paraaortic lymph node dissection, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). On follow-up six years later, the patient remains free from recurrence.
This case illustrates the importance of continued surveillance in pheochromocytoma patients, even those with a low-risk profile. The recurrence in this case, despite a smaller initial tumor size and no genetic predispositions, underscores the unpredictable nature of pheochromocytomas. The successful management with CRS, IORT, and HIPEC emphasizes the need for a personalized and multifaceted treatment approach.
Pheochromocytoma patients, including those initially considered low risk, require long-term monitoring due to the risk of recurrence. The utilization of CRS, IORT, and HIPEC in this case was pivotal in managing the recurrent and metastatic malignant disease effectively, demonstrating the significance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatment strategy in such complex cases.
•Low risk pheochromocytoma patients require at least a 10-year follow-up.•Malignant pheochromocytoma is defined by the presence of extra-adrenal metastasis.•Recurrence of pheochromocytoma can be masked by controlled hypertension.•CRS, HIPEC, and IORT, a novel approach, was successful in treating pheochromocytoma.•HIPEC and IORT help achieve better local control and limit peritoneal spread.
PDF
