Water stress negatively impacts plant morphology and physiology by inducing metabolic oxidative stress, which leads to cellular damage. Applying nutrients and/or organic molecules, such as amino ...acids, may mitigate the effects of drought stress. In the present study, the effects of a protective foliar complex (PFC) on late‐harvest sugarcane (Saccharum spp L.) (dry season) were evaluated. Four field experiments were carried out in commercial areas of sugarcane production in the central‐south region of Brazil using sugarcane variety CTC4: in the fourth and second ratoons in 2019 and in the fifth and third ratoons in 2020. The treatments consisted of foliar application or no application of the PFC at the beginning of the dry period in June. The PFC was applied at a dose of 10 L ha−1 in a water volume of 100 L ha−1. PFC application increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) in sugarcane leaves. PFC application also reduced leaf levels of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). On average, PFC application increased sucrose accumulation by 2.26 and 1.74 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively, indicating improved raw material quality. In addition, PFC application mitigated damage caused by drought, with average increases in stalk productivity of 10.7 and 7.6 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The positive effects of PFC application on plant antioxidant enzymes enabled greater biomass accumulation and, in turn, higher energy cogeneration.
Core Ideas
Protective foliar complex (PFC) application efficiently mitigates oxidative stress.
Foliar PFC application increases sugarcane tolerance to drought.
The physiological effects of PFC application increase sugarcane yields and industrial quality.
PFC application favors energy cogeneration, even under water stress conditions.
Methylparaben (MPB) and propylparaben (PPB) are produced in high volumes worldwide and constantly released into the environment. They are found in the soil mainly due to the incorporation of urban ...sewage sludge into agricultural soils and the use of wastewater in irrigation. No studies were found on the impact assessment of parabens in mixture in soil organisms. The main objective of this study was to assess the ecotoxicity of MPB and PPB in mixture to plants. MPB and PPB were evaluated separately at concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng/L, and in combinations MPB 0.1 × PPB 0.1, MPB 1 × PPB 1, MPB 10 × PPB 10, and MPB 100 × PPB 100. Individually, the two parabens were not phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic. In mixture, MPB and PPB caused a significant reduction in root elongation in seeds of
A. cepa
,
C. sativus
,
L. esculentum
, and
L. sativa
. In
A. cepa
bulbs, the interaction of MPB and PPB reduced root elongation by inhibiting cell division and causing disturbances to the mitotic spindle and chromosomal compaction in meristematic cells. Such disorders were triggered because MPB and PPB in combination inhibit the cells’ defense system, leading to excess hydrogen peroxide in root meristems. Therefore, there was a phytotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic synergy between MPB and PPB in plants, from the MPB 0.1 × PPB 0.1 combination, demonstrating that these compounds in a mixture can negatively impact crop productivity and the development non-cultivated plants.
ABSTRACT Considering the importance of topographic surveys to determine soil volumes and study efficient and accessible alternatives for this operation, this study aimed to analyze methods and ...respective equipment for planialtimetric surveys to determine soil volume. An experimental grid was installed in an area locate in Fernandópolis, SP, Brazil, in which quotas were measured by geometric leveling (standard method), trigonometric leveling, leveling with receivers of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) by relative (frequencies L1/L2) and absolute positioning (code C/A) and extraction of altitudes in digital terrain model from SRTM and ASTER images. In comparison to geometric leveling, trigonometric leveling was the most accurate in determining soil volume (0.6% error), followed by GNSS leveling by relative positioning (23.7% error), and extraction of altitudes by SRTM (32.0% error) and ASTER images (38.3% error). GNSS leveling by absolute positioning presented the highest error in determining soil volume (287.4%) compared to the other methods.
Complete genome sequence of Piry vesiculovirus de Souza, William Marciel; Acrani, Gustavo Olszanski; Romeiro, Marilia Farignoli ...
Archives of virology,
08/2016, Letnik:
161, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Piry virus (PIRYV) is a rhabdovirus (genus
Vesiculovirus
) and is described as a possible human pathogen, originally isolated from a
Philander
opossum
trapped in Para State, Northern Brazil. This ...study describes the complete full coding sequence and the genetic characterization of PIRYV. The genome sequence reveals that PIRYV has a typical vesiculovirus-like organization, encoding the five genes typical of the genus. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that PIRYV is most closely related to Perinet virus and clustered in the same clade as Chandipura and Isfahan vesiculoviruses.
Digital health and sustainable development goals have had strong impacts with the COVID-19 pandemic. In Brazil, the health crisis scenario required changes in social welfare programs and policies, ...based on recommendations from international agencies, such as the UN and WHO. This study aims to analyze the alignment of the arguments of Brazilian and international organizations for the adoption of digital health in Primary Health Care based on the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative documentary study of the rhetorical analysis type, based on Perelman and Obrechts-Tyteca's Theory of Argumentation. The search for documents was carried out by two independent researchers, between December 2021 and June 2022, through the websites of the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, the Brazilian Ministry of Health, and the Federal Councils of Medicine and Brazilian nursing, with the terms "digital health," "telehealth," "telemedicine," "e-health," "telehealth," "telenursing," "telemedicine," and "digital health." Twenty official documents were analyzed and identified in terms of context, authorship, authenticity, reliability, nature, and key concepts. The international and Brazilian arguments emphasize the applicability of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the health field. In logical arguments, based on the structure of reality, international agencies emphasize the overlap between health needs and the conditions for the applicability of ICTs. In Brazil, however, there was a need to regulate the digital practices of health professionals. In the international discourse, in the structuring of reality, there are illustrations of the relationship between the context of the health crisis caused by COVID-19 and the concrete conditions for the applicability of digital health; while in the Brazilian discourse, the need to strengthen an environment conducive to digital health is explicit. The Brazilian alignment in relation to the international premises is evident. Yet, there is a need, socially and economically sustainable, to strengthen the inclusion of digital health in PHC policy.
Extended periods of water stress negatively affect sugarcane crop production. The foliar application of supplements containing specific nutrients and/or organic molecules such as amino acids can ...improve sugarcane metabolism, stalk and sugar yields, and the quality of the extracted juice. The present study assessed the effectiveness of the foliar application of an abiotic stress protection complement (ASPC) composed of 18 amino acids and 5 macronutrients. The experiments were carried out in the field with two treatments and twelve replicates. The two treatments were no application of ASPC (control) and foliar application of ASPC. The foliar application of ASPC increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (DPPH) was higher in ASPC-treated plants than in control plants, reflecting higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The level of H
O
was 11.27 nM g
protein in plants treated with ASPC but 23.71 nM g
protein in control plants. Moreover, the application of ASPC increased stalk yield and sucrose accumulation, thus increasing the quality of the raw material. By positively stabilizing the cellular redox balance in sugarcane plants, ASPC application also increased energy generation. Therefore, applying ASPC is an effective strategy for relieving water stress while improving crop productivity.
Prospecting toxicity of the avobenzone sunscreen in plants Beijora, Sara Splendor; Vaz, Thalia Aparecida Correia; Santo, Diego Espirito ...
Environmental science and pollution research international,
07/2024, Letnik:
31, Številka:
31
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Avobenzone (AVO) is a sunscreen with high global production and is constantly released into the environment. Incorporating sewage biosolids for fertilization purposes, the leaching from cultivated ...soils, and the use of wastewater for irrigation explain its presence in the soil. There is a lack of information about the impact of this sunscreen on plants. In the present study, the ecotoxicity of AVO was tested at concentrations 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng/L. All concentrations caused a reduction in root growth of
Allium cepa
,
Cucumis sativus,
and
Lycopersicum esculentum
seeds, as well as a mitodepressive effect, changes in the mitotic spindle and a reduction in root growth of
A. cepa
bulbs. The cell cycle was disturbed because AVO disarmed the enzymatic defense system of root meristems, leading to an accumulation of hydroxyl radicals and superoxides, besides lipid peroxidation in cells. Therefore, AVO shows a high potential to cause damage to plants and can negatively affect agricultural production and the growth of non-cultivated plants.
Propylparaben (PrP) and dichloropropylparaben (diClPrP) are found in soil worldwide, mainly due to the incorporation of urban sludge in crop soils and the use of non-raw wastewater for irrigation. ...Studies on the adverse effects of PrP on plants are incipient and not found for diClPrP. PrP and diClPrP were evaluated at concentrations 4, 40, and 400 µg/L for their phytotoxic potential to seeds of
Allium cepa
(onion),
Cucumis sativus
(cucumber),
Lycopersicum sculentum
(tomato), and
Lactuca sativa
(lettuce), and cytotoxic, genotoxic potential, and for generating oxygen-reactive substances in root meristems of
A. cepa
bulbs. PrP and diClPrP caused a significant reduction in seed root elongation in all four species. In
A. cepa
bulb roots, PrP and diClPrP resulted in a high prophase index; in addition, PrP at 400 µg/L and diClPrP at the three concentrations significantly decreased cell proliferation and caused alterations in a significant number of cells. Furthermore, diClPrP concentrations induced the development of hooked roots in onion bulbs. The two chemical compounds caused significant changes in the modulation of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase, disarming the root meristems against hydroxyl radicals and superoxides. Therefore, PrP and diClPrP were phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic to the species tested, proving dangerous to plants.
Background: Various diseases and pathological conditions, as well as inflammatory processes, either in isolation or in combination with advanced age, can lead to significant alterations in body ...composition. This study investigates the correlation between various body composition metrics and the cellular Phase Angle (PhA) through Computerized Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) in a diverse age group of individuals ranging from 18 to 80 years. Objective: Our aim was to explore the interplay between body composition variables such as Body Mass Index, Lean Body Mass, Skeletal Muscle Mass, and their potential influence on the cellular integrity as indicated by PhA. Methods: Utilizing a dataset of 199 participants, we employed both linear and advanced machine learning models, including Random Forest regression, to analyze the predictive relationships and variable importance within our body composition metrics. Results: Initial analyses revealed strong correlations between mass-related measures and suggested complex relationships with the PhA, an indicator of cellular health and membrane integrity. The Random Forest model significantly outperformed simple linear regression in predicting PhA, emphasizing the nonlinear nature of these relationships and the importance of a comprehensive approach in body composition assessment. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the nuanced interactions between body composition variables and their collective impact on cellular health as measured by PhA. This study underscores the potential of utilizing PhA alongside traditional metrics for a more nuanced understanding of body composition and its implications for health. Future research should continue to leverage advanced statistical and machine learning techniques to further elucidate these complex relationships, with implications for nutritional, sports medicine, and biomedical fields.
Initial analyses revealed strong correlations between mass-related measures and suggested complex relationships with the Phase Angle, an indicator of cellular health and membrane integrity. The Random Forest model significantly outperformed simple linear regression in predicting PhA, emphasizing the nonlinear nature of these relationships and the importance of a comprehensive approach in body composition assessment.
Our findings highlight the nuanced interactions between body composition variables and their collective impact on cellular health as measured by PhA. This study underscores the potential of utilizing PhA alongside traditional metrics for a more nuanced understanding of body composition and its implications for health. Future research should continue to leverage advanced statistical and machine learning techniques to further elucidate these complex relationships, with implications for nutritional, sports medicine, and biomedical fields.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes víctimas de accidentes de tráfico internados en un hospital general de la ciudad de Natal y el accidente de tráfico sufrido por ellos. Métodos: Estudio ...exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado con 90 víctimas de accidentes de tráfico, en el periodo de julio a noviembre de 2015, que tuvieron Traumatismo Craneoencefálico Resultados: El 28,3% de las víctimas estudiadas pertenecían al sexo masculino, el 28,9% en el grupo de edad de 20-29 años, el 43,3% de los accidentes fueron en domingo, el vehículo más involucrado fue moto (83,3%), el 74,4% eran conductores de moto, el 26,7% hacía uso de casco y el 65,6% había bebido alcohol. La caída de moto representó el 50% de los accidentes. Se destacó el Traumatismo Craneoencefálico leve Conclusión: El perfil de las víctimas de accidentes de tráfico con traumatismo craneoencefálico se caracteriza por individuos varones y jóvenes. El accidente presenta predominio el fin de semana, teniendo la moto como su mayor responsable y la ingestión de alcohol contribuye al evento.
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