The presence of phenolic compounds in the aquatic environment has posed severe risks due to their toxicity. Among the phenolic families, nitro- and alkyl-phenolic compounds have been categorized as ...precedence contaminants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Therefore, efficient treatment methods for wastewater containing nitro- and alkyl-phenolic compounds are urgently needed. Due to the advantages of creating reactive species and generating efficient degradation of hazardous contaminants in wastewater, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are well-known in the field of treating toxic contaminants. In this review paper, the recent directions in AOPs, catalysts, mechanisms, and kinetics of AOPs are comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the conclusion summarizes the research findings, future prospects, and opportunities for this study. The main direction of AOPs lies on the optimization of catalyst and operating parameters, with industrial applications remain as the main challenge. This review article is expected to present a summary and in-depth understanding of AOPs development; and thus, inspiring scientists to accelerate the evolution of AOPs in industrial applications.
•Recent advances in AOPs for the treatment of nitro- and alkyl-phenolic compounds are reviewed.•Development of AOPs technologies, process improvement, and catalysts are comprehensively reviewed.•Reaction kinetics and mechanism are comprehensively gathered.•Future prospects, opportunities, and conclusions are comprehensively discussed.
Like Chinese Silkie, Indonesian Ayam Cemani exhibits fibromelanosis or dermal hyperpigmentation and possesses complex segmental duplications on chromosome 20 that involve the endothelin 3 gene, EDN3. ...A genomic region, DR1 of 127 kb, together with another region, DR2 of 171 kb, was duplicated by unequal crossing over, accompanied by inversion of one DR2. Quantitative PCR and copy number variation analyses on the Cemani genome sequence confirmed the duplication of EDN3. These genetic arrangements are identical in Cemani and Silkie, indicating a single origin of the genetic cause of Fm. The two DR1s harbor two distinct EDN3 haplotypes in a form of permanent heterozygosity, although they remain allelic in the ancestral Red Jungle Fowl population and some domesticated chicken breeds, with their allelic divergence time being as recent as 0.3 million years ago. In Cemani and Silkie breeds, artificial selection favoring the Fm phenotype has left an unambiguous record for selective sweep that extends in both directions from tandemly duplicated EDN3 loci. This highly homozygous tract is different in length between Cemani and Silkie, reflecting their distinct breeding histories. It is estimated that the Fm phenotype came into existence at least 6600-9100 years ago, prior to domestication of Cemani and Silkie, and that throughout domestication there has been intense artificial selection with strength s > 50% in each breed.
Taking into account the issues on the need for an alternative financing mechanism that can complement and provide solutions to the shortcomings of today's conventional financing mechanisms, this ...cutting-edge study seeks, through a systematic review analysis, possible avenues for further research on community financing. This review disclosed that previous scholars have failed to address the area of inputs (antecedents). No study was carried out on the processes in the Input-Process-Output/Outcome (IPO) framework. These findings provide ground-breaking information that clarifies the directions of future research. This systematic review employs a combination of a quantitative and qualitative approach to pull together studies on community financing. Involving four stages of data retrieval, article selection, data tabulation, and data analysis by using Publish or Perish (PoP) software. After selecting articles based on the relevance, universality, and quality of the publication, this work employs content analysis to classify articles' topics. This research was restricted to study articles that were indexed by the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) database that ranged from 2010 to 2021. The result of this research gives an insight to many scholars who want to give more attention to forthcoming research in the field of community financing. Besides, it preserves policymakers as a reference to establish alternative sources of financing by figuring out how community financing works are.
This study investigates whether personality and grit affect the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and if so, whether this relationship is mediated by job involvement or not. This study was a ...survey at the Industrial Vocational Higher Education of the Ministry of Industry in Indonesia in 2018, with a sample of 217 of lecturers. Data collected by using the questionnaire and analyzed by PLS Model with single-mediator. This research reveals that personality and grit have a positive direct effect on the organizational citizenship behavior. The influence of personality on organizational citizenship behavior is partially mediated by job involvement, but job involvement does not mediate the influence of grit on organizational citizenship behavior. Theoritically, the study extends the current theory by exploring grit as an important predictor that influences organizational citizenship behavior and this relationship is not mediated by job involvement.
Synergy is coordination and cooperation between groups of people in order to achieve an efficient goal. An example of a synergy is the synergy between government agencies to improve access to clean ...water in relation to disaster management. This study aims to describe the synergy between Indonesia’s government agencies to improve access to clean water in relation to disaster management, determine the factors that affect the synergy, and recommend a synergy model. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interview with the heads of government agencies that had a duty to improve access to clean water, observation, and literature review. The data analysis technique was triangulation technique. The results of this study was that the synergy between the government agencies had not run well due to several inhibiting factors that were inefficient planning, overlapping work division, and no evaluation.
Agent-based models (ABMs) have been used to model the behaviour of individual mosquitoes and other aspects of malaria. In this paper, a conceptual entomological model of the population dynamics of ...Anopheles gambiae and the agent-based implementations derived from it are described. Hypothetical vector control interventions (HVCIs) are implemented to target specific activities in the mosquito life cycle, and their impacts are evaluated.
The core model is described in terms of the complete An. gambiae mosquito life cycle. Primary features include the development and mortality rates in different aquatic and adult stages, the aquatic habitats and oviposition. The density- and age-dependent larval and adult mortality rates (vector senescence) allow the model to capture the age-dependent aspects of the mosquito biology. Details of hypothetical interventions are also described.
Results show that with varying coverage and temperature ranges, the hypothetical interventions targeting the gonotrophic cycle stages produce higher impacts than the rest in reducing the potentially infectious female (PIF) mosquito populations, due to their multi-hour mortality impacts and their applicability at multiple gonotrophic cycles. Thus, these stages may be the most effective points of target for newly developed and novel interventions. A combined HVCI with low coverage can produce additive synergistic impacts and can be more effective than isolated HVCIs with comparatively higher coverages. It is emphasized that although the model described in this paper is designed specifically around the mosquito An. gambiae, it could effectively apply to many other major malaria vectors in the world (including the three most efficient nominal anopheline species An. gambiae, Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles arabiensis) by incorporating a variety of factors (seasonality cycles, rainfall, humidity, etc.). Thus, the model can essentially be treated as a generic Anopheles model, offering an excellent framework for such extensions. The utility of the core model has also been demonstrated by several other applications, each of which investigates well-defined biological research questions across a variety of dimensions (including spatial models, insecticide resistance, and sterile insect techniques).
Jepara Hari Ini (JHI) is the center of updated information and news facilities. Info on Jepara politics, sports, education, and tourism that focuses on providing information or news well. However, ...within the limitations of journalists or reporters sometimes making a news information does not work optimally. With this obstacle, an online news agency requires the input of information or news from outside parties, namely the community. The purpose of this study was to design a news network information system on JHI. The results showed that the news network information system in JHI could help the community in giving or seeing the latest information, database, and interface of the resulting application.
In machining, heat concentration is generated at the surface contact between the tool and workpiece. This is the effect of hard frictions at the shear cutting plane to remove hard and brittle ...materials. The highly adhesive behavior of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 is more severe in higher cutting temperature, which may affect tool failures such as flank wear, tool chip and built-up edge, particularly on the edge of cutting inserts during the process. As a result, this may lead to the rough surface and low-dimensional accuracy of the machined parts. Realizing that metal-cutting industry players are demanding high-quality products with better surface finish and dimensional accuracy led to this study. Aluminum alloy 6061-T6 is a standard alloy used in automotive, aerospace and food packaging due to good hardness, high strength-to-weight ratio, resistance to corrosion and weldability. In order to address this problem, a newly developed metal working fluid which is SiO
2
-Al
2
O
3
-ZrO
2
tri-hybrid nanofluid is applied in the cutting zone to achieve a good surface finish of the machined parts and lowering the cutting temperature. This study is the first attempt to enhance machining performance, particularly at high-speed machining, by employing a combination of tri-hybrid nanofluids and a minimum quantity lubricant technique. Industrial standards include uncoated tungsten carbide and CVD TiCN-Al
2
O
3
carbide used during machining of aluminum alloy 6061-T6. The minimum quantity lubricant method is an alternative in supplying the lubricant into the machining zone due to flood machining and conventional fluid possess safety, health, economic and environmental effects. In this study, the experimental data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and response surface methodology. The responses studied were reduced significantly when tri-hybrid nanoparticles present at the cutting interface with higher MQL flow rate and concentration. There are two-factor interactions which are significant to the responses studied. Therefore, the combinations of MQL and excellent tri-hybrid nanofluids characteristics have enhanced between 16 and 76% of surface roughness and the cutting temperature, respectively, which is very promising in the future.
Malaria, being a mosquito-borne infectious disease, is still one of the most devastating global health issues. The malaria vector Anopheles vagus is widely distributed in Asia and a dominant vector ...in Bandarban, Bangladesh. However, despite its wide distribution, no agent based model (ABM) of An. vagus has yet been developed. Additionally, its response to combined vector control interventions has not been examined.
A spatial ABM, denoted as ABMFormula: see text, was designed and implemented based on the biological attributes of An. vagus by modifying an established, existing ABM of Anopheles gambiae. Environmental factors such as temperature and rainfall were incorporated into ABMFormula: see text using daily weather profiles. Real-life field data of Bandarban were used to generate landscapes which were used in the simulations. ABMFormula: see text was verified and validated using several standard techniques and against real-life field data. Using artificial landscapes, the individual and combined efficacies of existing vector control interventions are modeled, applied, and examined.
Simulated female abundance curves generated by ABMFormula: see text closely follow the patterns observed in the field. Due to the use of daily temperature and rainfall data, ABMFormula: see text was able to generate seasonal patterns for a particular area. When two interventions were applied with parameters set to mid-ranges, ITNs/LLINs with IRS produced better results compared to the other cases. Moreover, any intervention combined with ITNs/LLINs yielded better results. Not surprisingly, three interventions applied in combination generate best results compared to any two interventions applied in combination.
Output of ABMFormula: see text showed high sensitivity to real-life field data of the environmental factors and the landscape of a particular area. Hence, it is recommended to use the model for a given area in connection to its local field data. For applying combined interventions, three interventions altogether are highly recommended whenever possible. It is also suggested that ITNs/LLINs with IRS can be applied when three interventions are not available.
PDF
