Background/Objectives: Despite the availability of effective pharmacotherapy and evidence-based treatments, a substantial proportion of smokers do not seek treatment. This study aims to explore the ...cognitive distortions associated with not seeking evidence-based smoking cessation treatment and to identify cognitive barriers. Methods: The research conducted in Istanbul between October and December 2017 employs a cross-sectional design and includes two groups: a treatment-seeking group comprising 156 patients diagnosed with tobacco use disorder and a non-treatment seeking group of 78 patients with tobacco use disorder who had never sought professional help for smoking cessation. A comprehensive data collection process was used, including sociodemographic information, cognitive distortion assessment using the cognitive distortions scale, a smoking-related cognitive distortions interview and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Results: While no significant sociodemographic differences were observed between the treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking groups, the study found that higher nicotine dependence was associated with a higher likelihood of seeking treatment. The treatment-seeking group displayed significantly higher levels of “all-or-nothing thinking” cognitive distortions related to smoking and smoking cessation. Conversely, the non-treatment-seeking group exhibited elevated levels of cognitive distortions such as “labeling”, “mental filtering”, “should statements” and “minimizing the positive” regarding receiving smoking cessation treatment. Conclusions: Understanding the cognitive distortions associated with treatment-seeking behavior for tobacco use disorder is crucial for developing targeted public-based interventions, public service announcements for tobacco use prevention and encouraging individuals to seek evidence-based treatment. Addressing these cognitive distortions can also potentially enhance the effectiveness of smoking cessation programs and reduce the global burden of tobacco-related diseases and mortality.
•Physicians may be psycologically affected in the battle against the Covid19 pandemics•The mental wellbeing of healthcare workers need to be taken into consideration•Women, young and less experienced ...people are in the high-risk group•The excessive workload and inadequate logistic support may increase the perception of risk
To investigate anxiety, stress, and depression levels of physicians during the Covid-19 outbreak and explored associated factors in both clinical and general site.
An online survey is conducted to asses psychological responses of healthcare workers and related factors during Covid-19 outbreak. It is consisted of three subsections covering the following areas: 1) sociodemographic data 2) information on individuals` working condition 3) Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DAS-21).
Of all 442 participants, 286 (64.7%) had symptoms of depression, 224 (51.6%) anxiety, and 182 (41.2%) stress. Being female, young, and single, having less work experience, working in frontline were associated with higher scores, whereas having a child was associated with lower scores in each subscale. Factors found to be associated with higher DAS-21 total scores in frontline workers were as follows: increased weekly working hours, increased number of Covid-19 patients cared for, lower level of support from peers and supervisors, lower logistic support, and lower feelings of competence during Covid-19 related tasks.
Our findings highlight the factors which need to be taken into consideration to protect the mental wellbeing of doctors while fighting with a disaster that has major impacts on society worldwide.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused an alteration in many industries. The utilisation of distance learning opportunities has rapidly increased. This study aimed to evaluate teacher attitudes towards ...distance learning and demonstrate the effects of their personality traits and job satisfaction on their attitudes and the relationship among these factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire. Four hundred sixty-four teachers from several schools, different units and fields of study attended the research. The data was collected via the Introductory Information Form, Attitude Scale Towards Distance Learning (ATDL), Big Five Personality Traits Scale (BFPTs), and Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS). When the total points from the attitude scale towards distance learning are compared, there is no significant difference in gender, branch, institution, or working at the weekends, but age, educational background, having a child, and income satisfaction have a significant effect. There was no relation between any personality trait and attitude towards distance learning. Because variables such as age and income satisfaction affect the attitude towards distance learning, changeable variables emerge. It is essential to support older teachers in technology use. Making necessary alterations in teachers’ incomes should be considered an essential factor. The reasons for the fact that teachers still prefer in-person education should be investigated. Physical condition sufficiency can be related to the perception of distance education qualification, and a sufficient technological structure can contribute positively.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of level of income and occupational factors on mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey.
Materials and Methods: The study has a ...cross-sectional, descriptive design and 768 participants were included. The data were collected via an electronic survey by sharing the link in social media groups. Monthly household income (MHI) and occupational characteristics of the participants were investigated during COVID-19 lockdown. Psychological measurements were performed via PHQ-4 and Fear of COVID-19 scales.
Results: Regarding MHI; participants with a MHI of €299 or less had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to those with a MHI of €1000 or higher. Regarding occupational groups; the unemployed and students had higher anxiety and depression levels compared to housewives/retired individuals, business owners, government officials and health workers. It was determined that partial remote work and working at the workplace were protective against anxiety and depression, respectively.
Conclusion: Conditions such as unemployment, low level of income and the decreased social interaction related to working style were found to be associated with higher depression and anxiety levels during the pandemic.
Amaç: Bu araştırma, Türkiye'de gelir düzeyi ve mesleki faktörlerin COVID-19 kapanması sırasında ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı bir tasarıma sahiptir ve toplam 768 katılımcı araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, sosyal medya gruplarında bağlantısı paylaşılan elektronik anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. COVID-19 kapanması sırasında katılımcıların aylık hane geliri düzeyi (AHG) ve mesleki özellikleri ile çalışma durumları incelenmiştir. Psikolojik durumla ilgili ölçümler PHQ-4 ve COVID-19 korkusu ölçekleri ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sonuçlar AHG açısından değerlendirildiğinde, AHG'si €299 veya daha düşük olan katılımcılarda, AHG'si €1000 ve daha yüksek olanlara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri saptanmıştır. Meslek grupları ile ilgili olarak; işsizlerin ve öğrencilerin, ev hanımları/emekli bireylere, iş yeri sahiplerine, devlet memurlarına ve sağlık çalışanlarına göre daha yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Kısmi uzaktan çalışmanın ve işyerinde çalışmanın sırasıyla anksiyete ve depresyona karşı koruyucu olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: İşsizlik, düşük gelir düzeyi ve çalışma şekline bağlı olarak iş ortamındaki sosyal etkileşimin azalması gibi durumların, pandemi sürecinde daha yüksek depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir.
Background:
Secondary traumatization exposure and mental health conditions of health care workers gained importance during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic period.
Aims:
In our study, ...we aim to research the secondary traumatization and associated factors among health care workers.
Method:
This cross-sectional study was applied through an online questionnaire using the snowball sampling method. Two hundred fifty-one health care workers from different units/services and 312 non-medical worker adults attended to the research. Health care workers were divided into two groups based on working with COVID-19 patients at the frontline or not. The data were collected via Introductory Information Form, Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) between 22 May and 30 May 2020.
Results:
Among the 563 participants, 251 (44.6%) were health care workers and 312 (55.4%) were non-medical workers. The anxiety, depression and secondary traumatization scores of the frontline health care workers for the COVID-19 were found to be significantly higher than those of the other health workers or non-medical workers (p < .001). Also, we found that being a woman, being in the first years of the work, living with a parent, having a chronic disease, having a trauma history and increased social media use are related to having higher scores from the secondary traumatization scale.
Conclusion:
The secondary traumatization exposure and the mental health conditions of the health care workers directly working with the COVID-19 patients should be taken into consideration. It is important to provide social support, examine and control riskier groups for mental health regularly during the pandemic.
Amaç: Araştırmamızda pandemi sürecinde sağlık çalışanlarının tükenmişlik, mesleki doyum, depresyon, anksiyete, Covid-19 korkusu düzeyleri ve bunlarla ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
...Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tasarımda olan bu araştırma Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde aktif çalışmakta olan ve araştırmaya gönüllü tüm sağlık çalışanlarını kapsamaktadır. Pandemi tedbirleri nedeni ile elektronik ortamda 371 sağlık çalışanının katılımı ile gerçekleşmiştir. Sosyodemografik bilgi formu, İş doyumu Ölçeği, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, HSA-4 Hasta Sağlığı Anketi, Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %73,6’sı devlette kadrolu çalışmaktaydı ve %43,2’si doğrudan Covid-19 hastalarıyla çalışmaktaydı. Maslach Duyarsızlaşma, Covid Korku, HSAKaygı ve Depresyon ölçeklerine göre kadın grup ortalaması, erkek grup ortalamasından anlamlı bir şekilde farklı ve büyüktü (p<0.01). Duygusal Tükenme, HSA toplam ve Depresyon ölçeklerinde Bekar grup ortalaması, Evli gruptan anlamlı bir şekilde büyük bulundu. Covid Korku ve HSA ölçeklerinde Ebeveynlerimle ya da Eşimle/Eşim ve çocuklarımla yaşıyorum diyenlerin grup ortalaması, yalnız yaşayanlardan anlamlı bir şekilde büyük saptandı.
Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarında iş doyumunu artıracak ve tükenmeyi azaltacak şekilde çalışma şartlarında düzenlemeler yapılması, yüksek riskli birimde çalışanların daha yakından izlenmesi ve gerekli psikolojik destek sağlanması önemlidir.
Background
The geriatric population is supposed to be at high risk for psychological distress as well as adverse outcomes and mortality during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate ...the levels of depression, anxiety, death anxiety and life satisfaction levels and factors related to life satisfaction in individuals aged 65 years and older during the pandemic and to compare these variables between nursing home (NH) and community‐dwelling older adults.
Method
This study has a cross‐sectional and descriptive design, and a total of 133 nursing NH and community‐dwelling older adults were enrolled in the study. Turkish death anxiety scale (TDAS), life satisfaction scale (SLS) and depression anxiety stress scale‐21 (DASS‐21) were used for the assessment.
Results
The majority of the older adults had no or mild depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in spite of the prolonged confinements, and were slightly satisfied with their lives. However, depression, anxiety, stress and TDAS levels were higher in participants aged 80 years and older. Residents of NHs had higher TDAS, depression and anxiety levels and lower SLS levels than community‐dwelling older adults. Participants who were meeting their children and/or grandchildren less than 2 h a week, were found to have significantly lower SLS and higher depression scores. The increase in depression and TDAS scores predicted a decrease in SLS scores in older adults.
Conclusions
As NH resident older adults have higher psychological distress and decreased life satisfaction due to the social isolation caused by the prolonged confinements, NH staff should be regularly informed on both preventive measures and mental health consequences of the pandemic, and should be trained for basic therapeutic interventions. Older adults should be supported to use telecommunication technologies to contact their families and friends, and participate in safe and accessible person‐centred activity programs.
The aim of this study is to investigate social media use, health perception and health seeking behavior after coronavirus pandemic and their effect on fear of coronavirus. For this purpose, a ...questionnaire was applied with 1020 adult individuals over the age of 18. In addition to Introductory Information Form, the participants were given the Health Seeking Behaviour Scale, the Perception of Health Scale and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. According to findigns of the study, people attach more importance to health-seeking behaviors showed increased fear of coronavirus People with high health perception have less fear of coronavirus. When the effect of time spent on social media on the fear of coronavirus was examined, the participants who spent more time on social media had increased fear of coronavirus. In conclusion, our study shows that after COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey, some populations appears to be more disadvantaged in terms of fear of coronavirus and health seeking behaviour. It is recommended to provide preventive psychological support services for these disadvantaget populations and to implement mechanisms that will prevent information pollution on social media and provide accurate information. In addition, social interventions that will increase the perception of health and cause positive changes in health seeking behaviours will be protective in terms of public health.
Bu çalışmanın amacı koronavirüs salgını sonrası sosyal medya kullanımının, sağlık algısının ve sağlık arama davranışının incelenmesi ve de bunların koronavirüs korkusu üzerindeki etkisinin ...araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 18 yaş üzeri 1020 yetişkin birey ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formunun yanı sıra Sağlık Arama Davranışı Ölçeği, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği ve Koronavirüs Korku Ölçeği verilmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda sağlık arama davranışlarına daha fazla önem veren kişilerde daha yüksek korona virüs korkusu saptanmıştır. Sağlık algısı yüksek olan kişilerde ise korona virüs korkusunun daha az olduğu bulunmuştur. Sosyal medyada geçirilen zamanın korona virüs korkusu üzerine etkisine bakıldığında ise sosyal medyada daha fazla zaman geçiren katılımcıların korona virüs korkularının arttığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızda Türkiye’de COVID-19 salgını sonrası bazı kesimlerin koronavirüs korkusu ve sağlık arama davranışları açısından daha dezavan-tajlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu dezavantajlı popülasyonlara yönelik koruyucu psikolojik destek hizmetlerinin sunulması ve özellikle sosyal medyadaki bilgi kirliliğini engelleyecek ve doğru bilgiye ulaşılmasını sağlayacak mekanizmaların hayata geçirilmesi önerilir. Ayrıca sağlık algısını artıracak ve sağlık arama davranışlarında olumlu değişikliklere neden olacak toplum-sal müdahaleler halk sağlığı açısından koruyucu olacaktır.
Aim:Patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk for developing psychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate the levels and correlates of depression, anxiety, somatization ...and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms of refugee HD patients and compare to native HD patients.Methods:This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 58 refugee (n=27) and native (n=31) end-stage renal disease patients receiving HD were included. The data were collected between 14th and 16th of July 2021. Patient health questionnaire-somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms (PHQ-SADS) scales and posttraumatic-stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were used for the clinical assessment.Results:Refugee patients had similar sociodemographic, clinical and HD characteristics with native patients. Anxiety subscale and PCL-5 scores were significantly higher in refugee patients (p=0.04 and p=0.03, respectively), while depression and somatization subscales levels did not differ among groups. The age was negatively correlated with depressive symptom levels in refugee patients while somatic symptom levels were positively correlated with depression, anxiety and PTSD symptom levels in both groups.Conclusion:The staff of HD centers should be trained in order to recognize psychiatric disorders and symptoms, and routine psychiatric assessment may contribute to improving the mental health and preventing adverse health outcomes in refugee HD patients.
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