The topic of low-power nuclear power plants has been relevant for more than 50 years. They allow you to conduct electrical energy in remote areas, such as, for example, the Arctic, and to build ...stations with the possibility of mobile regulation in cases of emergency. Currently, the state corporation Rosatom has launched a broad propaganda about the prospects of these nuclear power plants and has stepped up the construction of the first floating nuclear thermal power plant, which is one of the variants of this type of nuclear power plants. The idea of creating this project has generated a mass of protests from environmental organizations. In this paper, the scenario of a beyond design basis accident at a floating nuclear power plant is considered. Calculation of the damaging factors of this accident. The calculation of prevented damage was made using the existing methodology with some changes made for convenience of calculation, and a formula was introduced for comparing the costs of measures to prevent damage with the magnitude of this damage. The improved methodology can be used in the EMERCOM of Russia system for forecasting emergencies at the facility level. The introduction of this methodology and its practical application for the assessment of prevented damage will make it possible to predict the consequences of the occurrence of emergency situations on energy-saturated objects, objects with a massive presence of people.
The paper considers the issues of ensuring the integrity of the flow of information messages between remote objects and identification of the data transmission channel, interrupted randomly by ...fragmentation-defragmentation processes of this flow as a result of the stochastic appearance and disappearance of traces from meteors burning in the ionosphere, which are used as passive repeaters of VHF radio signals that carry out energy contact between correspondents of a computer network. The problem is posed to implement an algorithm for discontinuous transmission of a continuous data stream over a meteor communication network without distortion and loss of transmitted messages without the inclusion of redundant signs, which contributes to a more rational use of the limited telecommunication resource of the meteor communication network. It is shown that to ensure a reliable exchange of information data between remote infrastructure facilities of the Northern Sea Route, a meteor trail can be used, which will provide a statistically stable connection with the fulfilment of the requirements for the probability of receiving false signs while maintaining the integrity of messages, provided that this type of communication between correspondents is discontinuous.
To assess the main epidemiological characteristics of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the Russian Federation.
A planned epidemiological prospective study was conducted in 2009-2012 in 6 Russian ...regions with the total number of 10.1 million inhabitants, which notified all new CML cases.
The unstandardized (unnormalized, baseline) recorded incidence of CML in the examined regions was 0.58 per 100,000 annually. Its standardized (normalized) incidence was 0.70 for the WHO standard population and 0.72 for the European standard population. The regional variations in the incidence were 0.44 to 0.69. The structural analysis of the incidence in the age strata indicated that the overall morbidity was less due to the decreased rate of registration in old age groups. The morbidity rates in patients aged less than 60 years were nearly similar to the European rates; those in patients aged over 70 years were almost 10 times lower. The lower rate of detection and screening diagnosis of CML in pensioners in primary health care is discussed.
The data obtained in this study may serve as the starting point for monitoring the CML epidemiological situation.
The paper presents a simple and economical method of carbovibro-arc surfacing of metal surfaces. This method has been used to apply wear-resistant cermet coatings made of multicomponent pastes ...21.17Fe–4.75C–33.48Cr–1.45Si–1.35B–2.8Mn with the addition of 25 wt% В4С and 10 wt% Na3AlF6 on a steel substrate. The microstructure and phase composition of the cermet coating have been studied, and the distribution of microhardness from its surface to the metal substrate has been determined. It has been found that the main zone of the coating consists of the CrFe4 and B0.7Fe3C0.3 strengthening phases located in the matrix, which is a solid solution of C, B, Cr, and Mn in iron. Tribological tests of samples with and without the protective cermet coating have been carried out by the measuring sliding method; 2D and 3D images of the surfaces of wear grooves have been obtained. It has been found that coated samples have a 2 times lower coefficient of friction and 2.8 times higher wear resistance than uncoated samples. Protective cermet coatings have been applied to commercial parts of agricultural machinery (shins). Comparative tests of shins with protective coatings and uncoated commercial shins have been carried out in real field conditions. It has been found that the service life of parts with the developed cermet coating is 2.5–3 times higher than that of uncoated commercial parts. It is shown that this technology allows one to reduce soil contamination with metal debris and increase the performance of combines.
•Wear-resistant cermet coatings on a steel substrate from multicomponent pastes•2D and 3D images of the surfaces of wear grooves•The coated samples have a 2 times lower coefficient of friction and 2.8 times higher wear resistance.
This article presents the results of a screening study of the population in the Health Center. It shows that 33.61% of persons, who were involved in the study, were people of elderly and senile age ...interested in the information about factors of the risk of cardiovascular disease development. The screening research has revealed that about 19% of persons of elderly and senile age without cardiovascular diseases, but with risk factors of its development, need prevention of these diseases. Major factors of cardiovascular risk among this group of people are hypercholesterolemia (66.6 and 63.53%), hyperglycemia (27.32 and 34.12%), arterial hypertension (73.48 and 62.28%), excess body weight (77.61 and 68.24%), smoking (10.44 and 0%), low physical activity (55.6 and 57.65%), and poor nutrition (48.58 and 45.88%), accordingly. The most widespread combined factors of cardiovascular risk among elderly persons are hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and excess body weight/obesity (29.03%). Persons of senile age have a combination of hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and excess body weight/obesity (20%), and also a combination of hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, excess body weight/obesity, and hyperglycemia (20%).
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