The Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network conducts longitudinal surveillance of pregnant persons in the United States with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory ...syndrome coronavirus 2 infection during pregnancy. Of 6,551 infected pregnant persons in this analysis, 142 (2.2%) had positive RNA tests >90 days and up to 416 days after infection.
Early hearing detection and intervention programs are designed to mitigate consequences of hearing loss in infants. Most research examining compliance with program protocols has examined factors ...related to being lost to follow-up. Another group that warrants study are babies who return for follow-up outside the timelines recommended by public health organizations. This research seeks to identify maternal factors that are associated with late follow-up at the point of diagnosis of hearing loss.
The sampling frame for this study included all babies born in New Jersey in a two-year period. Our final sample consisted of 716 babies who needed diagnostic evaluations and completed them. Five hundred twenty-six babies completed their exams on-time while 190 completed them late. Logistic regression was completed to identify maternal factors related to late follow-up, and additional statistics were utilized to understand characteristics of babies who were late.
In the final modeling, maternal education (OR = 0.52), WIC participation (OR = 2.11), and health insurance status (OR = 2.04) were significantly predictive of being late (X2 (6) = 77.71; p < 0.01). Mothers for whom postpartum depression (OR = 1.89) was a concern were more also likely to have babies who were late. Needing to repeat a diagnostic audiologic exam was most predictive of lateness (OR = 5.32). Over one-third of babies who had confirmed hearing loss completed their testing late.
Late completion of diagnostic hearing tests may contribute to delays in children hitting developmental milestones in a timely manner. Low socioeconomic status mothers and those with postpartum depression may have difficulty following up with recommended hearing tests. Limitations include data quality issues inherent in using administrative data.
Abstract
Because hearing loss in children can result in developmental deficits, early detection and intervention are critical. This article identifies a constellation of maternal factors that predict ...loss to follow-up (LTF) at the point of rescreening—the first follow-up for babies who did not pass the hearing screening performed at birth—through New Jersey’s early hearing detection and intervention program. Maternal factors are critical to consider, as mothers are often the primary decision makers around children’s health care. All data were obtained from the state’s department of health and included babies born between June 2015 and June 2017. Logistic regression was used to predict LTF. Findings indicate that non-Hispanic Black mothers, younger mothers, mothers with previous live births, and mothers with obesity were more likely to be LTF. Hispanic mothers and those enrolled in the state’s Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program were less likely to be LTF. Mothers most at risk for LTF should be targeted for intervention to help children with hearing loss achieve the benefits from early intervention. Being a WIC recipient is a protective factor for LTF; therefore, elements of WIC could be used to reduce the state’s LTF rate.
Background
Multiple reports have described neonatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, including likely in utero transmission and early postnatal infection, but published estimates of neonatal infection range by ...geography and design type.
Objectives
To describe maternal, pregnancy and neonatal characteristics among neonates born to people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy by neonatal SARS‐CoV‐2 testing results.
Methods
Using aggregated data from the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET‐NET) describing infections from 20 January 2020 to 31 December 2020, we identified neonates who were (1) born to people who were SARS‐CoV‐2 positive by RT‐PCR at any time during their pregnancy, and (2) tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 by RT‐PCR during the birth hospitalisation.
Results
Among 28,771 neonates born to people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy, 3816 (13%) underwent PCR testing and 138 neonates (3.6%) were PCR positive. Ninety‐four per cent of neonates testing positive were born to people with infection identified ≤14 days of delivery. Neonatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was more frequent among neonates born preterm (5.7%) compared to term (3.4%). Neonates testing positive were born to both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant people.
Conclusions
Jurisdictions reported SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR results for only 13% of neonates known to be born to people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy. These results provide evidence of neonatal infection identified through multi‐state systematic surveillance data collection and describe characteristics of neonates with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. While perinatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was uncommon among tested neonates born to people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy, nearly all cases of tested neonatal infection occurred in pregnant people infected around the time of delivery and was more frequent among neonates born preterm. These findings support the recommendation for neonatal SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR testing, especially for people with acute infection around the time of delivery.
Heart of Creation Stone, Andrea; Zender, Marc; MacLeod, Barbara ...
2015, 2015-07-25
eBook
This accessible, state-of-the-art review of Mayan hieroglyphics and cosmology also serves as a tribute to one of the field's most noted pioneers.The core of this book focuses on the current study of ...Mayan hieroglyphics as inspired by the recently deceased Mayanist Linda Schele. As author or coauthor of more than 200 books or articles on the Maya, Schele served as the chief disseminator of knowledge to the general public about this ancient Mesoamerican culture, similar to the way in which Margaret Mead introduced anthropology and the people of Borneo to the English-speaking world.Twenty-five contributors offer scholarly writings on subjects ranging from the ritual function of public space at the Olmec site and the gardens of the Great Goddess at Teotihuacan to the understanding of Jupiter in Maya astronomy and the meaning of the water throne of Quirigua Zoomorph P. The workshops on Maya history and writing that Schele conducted in Guatemala and Mexico for the highland people, modern descendants of the Mayan civilization, are thoroughly addressed as is the phenomenon termed "Maya mania"-the explosive growth of interest in Maya epigraphy, iconography, astronomy, and cosmology that Schele stimulated. An appendix provides a bibliography of Schele's publications and a collection of Scheleana, written memories of "the Rabbit Woman" by some of her colleagues and students.Of interest to professionals as well as generalists, this collection will stand as a marker of the state of Mayan studies at the turn of the 21st century and as a tribute to the remarkable personality who guided a large part of that archaeological research for more than two decades.
PDF
