Abstract
Background
Immigrants' healthcare needs can be a considerable challenge, as their risk profile can differ from the native population, and they may experience barriers to accessing health ...services in recipient countries. Immigration is projected to increase further due to conflicts and climate changes, and awareness on immigrants' health status is therefore warranted. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia with an estimated prevalence of approximately 2%. However, there is a paucity of data on AF epidemiology among immigrants.
Purpose
The aim of this study is to examine incidence of AF hospital diagnoses according to country of origin and to study if there is a difference in risk between immigrants and Danish born individuals.
Methods
The study period included 1st of January 1998 to 31st of December 2017 and the population consisted of all Danish citizens aged 45 or older. We included individuals as they turned 45 during the study period. Individuals who had been diagnosed with AF were excluded. Data was obtained from the Danish National Patient Registry and the Civil Registration System. Country of origin was based on the ten most represented counties in the population. Immigrants were defined as people born outside Denmark with none of the parents being both Danish citizens and born in Denmark. AF was defined as a hospital diagnosis according to international Classification of Diseases (ICD) version 8 and 10. Poisson regression were used to compute relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). RRs were adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status, visits to general practitioner and comorbidity.
Results
The study population consist of 3,596,234 Danish-Born and 215,401 immigrants. A total of 334,636 had an incident AF diagnosis during the study period. Compared to Danish-born individuals, migrants from the Nordic countries had a higher adjusted RR of being diagnosed with AF: Norway 1.21 95% CI: 1.05; 1.40, Sweden 1.16 95% CI: 0.99; 1.35 and Germany 1.17 95% CI: 1.06; 1.28. In contrast, lower adjusted RRs were observed for individuals from Poland (0.82 95% CI: 0.67; 1.01), UK (0.89 95% CI: 0.73; 1.08), and the US (0.95 95% CI: 0.72; 1.25), respectively, and in particular for individuals from the non-Western countries: Turkey (0.49 95% CI: 0.40; 0.59, Iran (0.48 95% CI: 0.36; 0.65), Iraq (0.32 95% CI: 0.22; 0.45 and Bosnia-Herzegovina (0.63 95% CI: 0.49; 0.79).
Conclusion
Substantial variation in the incidence rate of incident AF hospital diagnoses according to country of origin. Further studies are warranted in order to clarify to what extent these differences reflets true differences in AF incidence or ethnic inequalities in the detection of AF in the health care system.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Karen Elise Jensen Foundation
Supraventricular arrhythmias are seen following non-fatal electrical injuries. They are believed to be transient, but this has never been confirmed. We report a case of fixed atrial fibrillation that ...has persisted for 20 years after an electrical injury at work.
Correlations of two protons emitted near midrapidity in
p+
Pb collisions at 450 GeV/
c and
S+
Pb collisions at 200
A GeV/
c are presented, as measured by the NA44 Experiment. The correlation effect, ...which arises as a result of final state interactions and Fermi-Dirac statistics, is related to the space-time characteristics of proton emission. The measured source sizes are smaller than the size of the target lead nucleus but larger than the sizes of the projectiles. A dependence on the collision centrality is observed; the source size increases with decreasing impact parameter. Proton source sizes near midrapidity appear to be smaller than those of pions in the same interactions. Quantitative agreement with the results of RQMD (v1.08) simulations is found for
p+
Pb collisions. For
S+
Pb collisions the measured correlation effect is somewhat weaker than that predicted by the model simulations, implying either a larger source size or larger contribution of protons from long-lived particle decays.
Single particle distributions from heavy-ion collisions show the effect of Coulomb interactions on the final state. While a rather strong effect is seen in the ratio
π
−
π
+
from central 158A·GeV/c ...Pb+Pb collisions, at most a small enhancement is found in the ratios from S+S and S+Pb collisions at 200A·GeV/c.
NA44 has measured the invariant cross section of deuterons and tritons at non zero
p
t
in 158 A·GeV lead on lead collisions at CERN SPS. Normalized transverse mass spectra and coalescence parameters ...versus
p
t
have been calculated showing a significant transverse flow. Radius parameters have been extracted using a simple thermal coalescence model. Results from RQMD+coalescence calculations are compared to the data.
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