The incidence of aggression and violent behavior in combat veterans varies and can be observed with regard to the presence or absence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Significantly greater ...occurrence of aggression was observed in combat veterans with PTSD compared with those without PTSD. There are various types of aggressive behavior that frequently are combined. Autoaggressive (suicidal) and heteroaggressive (interpersonal violence) behaviors predominate, with dominating verbal aggression and impulsive somatic reactions. Impulsive reactions are more frequently directed toward unknown persons, whereas verbal aggression is mostly aimed at known people. In the occurrence of aggressive behavior in combat veterans with PTSD, important roles are played by education level, low socioeconomic status, maltreatment in childhood, and previous types of violent behavior (before participation in war events).
Various investigations prove the biological basis for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There are only a few quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) studies of patients with PTSD. The aim of ...this investigation is to find out whether there are differences in qEEG parameters between PTSD patients and healthy subjects. The experimental group was comprised of 18 veterans with PTSD, and 20 healthy non-veterans were included in the control group. After informed consent was obtained, they were investigated by qEEG recordings. The artifact-free EEG epoch was analyzed by fast Fourier transformation (FFT). Power values of particular frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2) were observed on the regions: Fp I, Fp2, F3, F4, F7, F8, C3, C4, T3, T4, T5, T6, P3, P4, O1 and O2. PTSD patients had increased theta activity over central regions, and increased beta activity. Beta 1 activity increased over frontal, central and left occipital regions; beta 2 activity increased over frontal regions. No significant differences were noted between the PTSD and control group in delta and alpha activity. These results suggest a neurobiological basis for PTSD. Increased theta activity may help to explain changes in hippocampal volume. Various explanations (cortical hyperexcitability, prolonged wakefulness, or attention disturbances) have been offered for the beta activity increase observed in PTSD subjects.
Introduction Three methods are used to make a diagnosis: medical history, examination and laboratory-instrumental analysis. Objective With advances in modern medical technology, laboratory ...instrumental analysis is gaining increasing importance and trust, while classical methods are neglected: a thorough review of the medical history and a detailed examination. Aim To point out the significance of making a timely and correct diagnosis. Methods Report the case of 47 year old female patient with no previous psychiatric history. Her symptoms appeared suddenly in the morning, developed a clinical picture with psychotic symptoms. A CT scan of her brain, was normal findings. She went to a neurologist, who produced an orderly neurological report and recommended a screening test for psychoactive substances (PAS). The test was positive for heroin, morphine and benzodiazepine. Since she is disoriented and has incoherent speech and neologisms, she was hospitalised at the Psychiatry hospital. Abuse of the PAS was excluded because she used analgesic contains codeine. On the seventh day of her stay a CT scan of her brain was made and showed a large ischaemic lesion in the left temporoparietal area. Conclusion Laboratory-instrumental analysis is not without objective and subjective errors and must not guide the diagnosis without a sufficient clinical basis, and it must be preceded by a review of the medical history and an examination. A timely and correct diagnosis is important in order to provide adequate therapeutic treatment to a patient as soon as possible and in order to avoid needless hospitalisation in the psychiatry ward.
Background Mood Diisorders (MD) is an independent risk factor for Endocrine-Metabolic (E-M) disorders and metabolic syndrome. Biological processes relating to the pathophysiology of MD and metabolic ...syndrome have common characteristics. Aim To study the frequency and types E-M disorders in patients with the MD. Method Research included 27 patients with Bipolar Affectiv Disorder (BAD) and 65 patients with a Depressive Disorder (DD) (ICD-10 diagnostic criteria), hospitalized during one year. Results Among patients with BAD there were 11 men (40.7%) and 16 (59.2%) women. Comorbidity was registered in 8 (72.7%) men, with an average age of 47 years, and 10 (62.5%) women, with an average age of 51.3 years. Patients with DD were 24 men (36.92%) and 41 women (63.07%). Somatic comorbidity was observed in 31 women (75.61%), average age 51.2 years, and 17 men (70.83%), average age 52.8 years. The relationship between age and gender and prevalence of somatic comorbidity was analysed (statistical analysis by x2 and t-test). Analysis of somatic illnesses showed that E-M disorder had the highest prevalence, 11 patients (40.7% with BAD) and 36 patients (55.38% with DD). Dyslipidemia, DM and disorder of the Thyroid gland were the most frequent. There was no statistically significant discrepancy in the prevalence of E-M disorders and MD depending on gender (p=0,64 BAD), (p=0,29 DD) and age (p=0,18 BAD), (p=0,25 DD). Conclusion MD are accompanied by E-M disordersat a high rate (51%), but there is no statistically significant difference depending on gender and age.
The research deals with the optimisation of CNC turning process parameters to determine the optimal parametric combination that provides the minimal surface roughness (Ra) and maximal material ...removal rate. The experiment was conducted by the CNC turning process of S355J2 carbon steel. Data from the Taguchi design of experiments were the subject of analysis with Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In the present study, three process parameters, such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut, were chosen for the experimentation. It was found that 250 m/min cutting speed, 0.10 mm/rev feed rate and 1.8 mm depth of cut presented the optimal parametric combination by both used multi-objective optimisation methods. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95 % confidence level was used to determine the most significant parameters. Finally, the accuracy of GRA and TOPSIS results were validated by confirmation experiments.
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