Since the 1980s, task-based language teaching (TBLT) has enjoyed considerable interest from researchers of second language acquisition (SLA), resulting in a growing body of empirical evidence to ...support how and to what extent this approach can promote language learning. Although transferability and generalizability are critical assumptions for TBLT, there is little empirical evidence that task-related language abilities are indeed transferable. The current study was conducted to address this need for empirical research on generalizability and transfer critical for the planning of teaching and assessment of learning by specifically investigating whether or not transfer occurs between two similar pedagogic tasks. Fifty-three randomly assigned low-level adult second language learners were trained in a computer lab to complete one of two pedagogic tasks or no task, after which all participants were tested on two transfer tasks. Although the results of a MANCOVA did not provide statistically significant evidence of transfer, a post hoc analysis on a subset of the lowest proficiency learners suggests that task-related language abilities are transferable. Directions for future research and implications for teaching and assessment are discussed in light of the present findings.
This study examined the relationship between parental involvement, self-regulated learning (SRL), and reading achievement through analyzing the fifth grade data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal ...Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 (ECLS-K). The results identified six dimensions of parental involvement that are likely to foster SRL of fifth graders:
School Involvement
,
TV Rules
,
Homework Help
,
Homework Frequency
,
Parental Education Expectations
, and
Extracurricular Activities
. Of these three dimensions,
Parental Education Expectations
,
School Involvement
, and
Homework Help
, were found to have stronger effects on SRL;
Parental Education Expectations
was found to have the strongest beneficial effect on SRL. The results also suggest that SRL mediates the relationship between parental involvement and reading achievement. These results provide a framework for parents to help their children develop SRL skills and guide educators and school administrators as they intend to increase parental involvement and its effectiveness.
In this study, we used the TPACK profile as a framework for evaluating teaching expertise in higher education. Through interviews and non-participant observation, we created individual TPACK profiles ...for three professors within a college of education in a large Midwestern university. The profiles illustrate how each professor's degree of Content, Technology, and Pedagogical knowledge levels interact in unique patterns. We conclude that, when instructors' Technology Knowledge is defined solely as their ability to use various technology tools, a balanced and integrated TPACK profile is unlikely. In contrast, instructors who are able to explicitly articulate their understanding and application of Pedagogical Knowledge are more likely to demonstrate TPACK integration.
Health care requires multidisciplinary team collaboration to achieve safe, high-quality care; however, team instruction lags behind practice needs. Questions remain about how best to design and ...deliver interprofessional team training, including the effect of time distribution of training, or how best to measure success regarding collaborative practice competency.
A two-group, pre-/post-quasi-experimental design was used with interprofessional teams made up of nursing, medical, and respiratory therapy students (n = 24 teams) to determine how two team training methods affected teamwork attitude after cardiac arrest simulation.
There was a statistically significant increase for the within-group comparison for all groups in teamwork attitude scores (p = .001), but no differences between groups comparing a one-day delivery to multiple-days (p = .76).
Change in teamwork attitude can occur over a short period, regardless of time distribution of team training instruction. These findings provide evidence that scheduling training in a way that is convenient can be equally effective.
•Team training with one-day delivery and multiday delivery can increase teamwork attitude.•Interprofessional team collaboration is imperative in response to cardiac arrest.•A positive teamwork attitude can lead to a shift from a culture of individualism to one of collaboration.
Most second language researchers agree that there is a role for corrective feedback in second language writing classes. However, many unanswered questions remain concerning the linguistic features to ...target and the type and amount of feedback to offer. This study examined essays by 151 learners of English as a second language (ESL), in order to investigate the effect of either direct or metalinguistic written feedback on errors with the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. This inquiry also considered the extent to which learner differences in language-analytic ability (LAA), as measured by the LLAMA F, mediated the effects of these two types of explicit written corrective feedback. Learners in both feedback groups were provided with corrective feedback on two essays whereas the control group received general comments on content. Learners in all three groups then completed two additional writing tasks to determine whether or not the provision of corrective feedback led to greater gains in accuracy compared to no feedback. Both treatment groups performed better than the comparison group on new pieces of writing immediately following the treatment sessions, yet direct feedback was more durable than metalinguistic feedback for one structure, the simple past tense. Participants with greater LAA proved more likely to achieve gains in the direct feedback group than in the metalinguistic group, whereas learners with lower LAA benefited more from metalinguistic feedback.
Objective
We evaluated integrating a motivational interviewing (MI)‐based smoking cessation curricula and MI counseling into a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) home telehealth care management ...program to determine if smoking behaviors improved.
Method
We randomized 178 Veterans with PTSD to a 90‐session MI‐based home telehealth program or to usual care. Outcome measures included self‐reported 24‐hour quit attempts, seven‐day point prevalence abstinence, progression along the stages of change, and mental health symptoms.
Results
Favorable smoking cessation rates were observed in both groups. There was no statistical difference in self‐reported 24‐hour quit attempts, seven‐day point prevalence smoking abstinence or progression along the stages of change. The intervention group showed improved depression and PTSD symptoms.
Conclusion
Integrating MI‐based smoking cessation treatment into PTSD home telehealth is an effective method to help Veterans with PTSD quit smoking. Further research is needed to understand how to optimize MI integration into home telehealth to achieve sustained smoking cessation rates.
Chronic Q fever endocarditis is a rare but important infection associated with risk of morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography rarely visualises the vegetative lesion. We describe the first ...Australian report of chronic Q fever aortic valve endocarditis confirmed with the use of 18 –FDG PET/ CT scan. Following valvular replacement, the patient had ongoing high serological titres despite active treatment and he was managed with yearly serial PET/ CT scan to confirm the absence of active infection. The utility of serial PET /CT scan imaging as a follow-up management strategy has not been described in the literature previously and should be investigated further.
BACKGROUND: Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have high rates of smoking. Motivational interviewing (MI) enhances readiness for change. OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility and ...fidelity of home telehealth care management strategy to improve quit rates. DESIGN: A telehealth device delivered a cessation curriculum while a nurse supported veterans through weekly MI telephone calls. Treatment fidelity was evaluated. Outcomes measures included changes in smoking behaviors, stage of change, dose effect, and participant satisfaction with intervention. RESULTS: There was a correlation (r = −.677; p = .03) at the end of treatment between readiness to change and number of cigarettes smoked per day. As 11 participants progressed along stages of change, they smoked fewer cigarettes per day. Two (20%) quit smoking. The nurse adhered to MI principles. Participants were highly satisfied and 100% felt curriculum delivered new information and respected choices. CONCLUSIONS: It was feasible to deliver the home telehealth care management intervention with high treatment fidelity. Participants were motivated to change smoking behaviors.
The Joint Commission–accredited acute care hospitals are required to
screen patients for nutrition risk, but criteria and procedures in use have
not been described. The purpose of this study was to ...survey managers of
clinical nutrition services in acute care hospitals regarding procedures for
screening for nutrition risk. Members of the Clinical Nutrition Management
Dietetic Practice Group were surveyed using an e-mailed link to an electronic
survey. Of 1668 members contacted, 522 usable surveys were completed (31%).
Most respondents (84%) reported that nursing staff had primary responsibility
for nutrition screening; 10% used nutrition services staff; 4% used a
computerized system. Where nursing staff did nutrition screening (n = 441),
57% (n = 252) said that nutrition services staff do a secondary admission
screen. Dietitians most often performed secondary screens (70%), followed by
dietetic technicians (16%), 4-year-degreed staff (4%), and clerks (3%). Most
nutrition services staff screens (61%) used different data than nursing staff
screens; 12% collected the same data as nursing staff. Screening criteria most
often used by nursing staff were a history of weight loss (95%), poor intake
prior to admission (81%), nutrition support (79%), chewing/swallowing issues
(75%), and skin breakdown (72%). Criteria most commonly used by nutrition
services staff were diagnosis (90%), nutrition support (81%), nothing by mouth
(NPO)/clear liquid diet order (78%), visceral proteins (71%), and specific
diet orders (68%). Most respondents had not formally evaluated their screening
systems for sensitivity or specificity. There is a need to further evaluate
the nutrition screening systems used in acute care hospitals in the U.S.
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