The center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) has been introduced for the stabilization of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) in small-breed dogs. This technique can be ...applied to the tibia without damaging its tuberosity. Although different designs of CBLO plates are available, tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) plates have been still used for stabilization during CBLO. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have reported the effects of TPLO plates on the postoperative limb alignment after CBLO. Therefore, the present study (January 2020 to February 2021) aimed to compare the postoperative outcomes (postoperative tibial plateau angle TPA and tibial alignment) in patients receiving CBLO and TPLO plates during CBLO. Paired stifle joints (n = 16) were obtained from eight toy-breed cadaver dogs (mean weight, 4.4 kg) that underwent CBLO. The joints were randomly assigned to receive the CBLO (CBLO group) or TPLO plates (TPLO group). Pre-and postoperative radiographs were obtained, and the dissected tibiae were evaluated. The following postoperative parameters were compared to evaluate the surgical outcome: TPA, osteotomy location, mechanical medial proximal tibia angle, inter-segment gap, and tibial plateau translation. No significant differences were found in the postoperative alignment between the two groups. Therefore, TPLO plates may be considered as a viable alternative in toy-breed dogs undergoing CBLO. KCI Citation Count: 0
Background: Oligonol, a low molecular weight polyphenol derived from lychee fruit, not only has anti-inflammatory effects in various disease conditions but also has antitumor-promoting effects. We ...evaluate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-related anticancer effect of oligonol in ovarian cancer using SKOV-3 cells.
Methods: Cell viability was examined after oligonol treatment using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production measurement. Subsequently, apoptotic cell death was visualized by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The effect of oligonol on the NF-κB signaling pathway was evaluated using western blot analysis and luciferase activity measurement of p65, an NF-κB subunit.
Results: Cell viability significantly decreased after oligonol treatment of 72 h. Apoptosis-related markers were highly expressed in oligonol-treated cells, and increased apoptosis after oligonol treatment was also confirmed using the TUNEL assay. Western blotting results showed the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway factors, p-ERK, TRAF2, and p-IκBα, increased following treatment with oligonol, whereas p65 and COX-2 expression decreased. Immunofluorescence imaging results showed p65 luciferase activity in the nucleus as well as a shift to cytoplasmic expression.
Conclusion: Oligonol treatment significantly enhances apoptotic cell death in SKOV-3 cells, with the suppression of NF-κB activation, which plays an essential role in this anticancer effect.
Aim
To evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant treatment for morcellated, uterus‐confined leiomyosarcoma in a multicenter setting.
Methods
We identified patients with International Federation of ...Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I uterine leiomyosarcoma primarily treated with surgery between 2003 and 2016. Among them, patients who underwent one of the following morcellation methods were included: (i) power morcellation; (ii) intracorporeal morcellation using scalpels or electrocautery; and (iii) vaginal morcellation. Patients' survival outcomes were compared according to the implementation of adjuvant treatment.
Results
From 13 institutions, 55 patients were included; 31 for adjuvant treatment group and 24 for surgery only group. The clinicopathological characteristics including the mass size, morcellation methods, extent of surgery, and mitotic count were similar between the groups. In the adjuvant treatment group, 67.7%, 19.4% and 12.9% of patients received chemotherapy, chemoradiation and radiation, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 50.5 months, the adjuvant treatment and surgery only groups showed similar overall survival (5‐year rate, 92.0% vs 90.4%; P = 0.959). No significant difference in progression‐free survival was observed between the two groups (3‐year rate, 46.1% vs 78.2%; P = 0.069). On multivariate analyses, adjuvant treatment did not affect progression‐free survival (adjusted HR, 2.138; 95% CI, 0.550–8.305; P = 0.273). The adjuvant treatment group showed a trend towards more common distant metastasis, compared to the surgery only group (25.8% vs 4.2%; P = 0.062). The incidences of pelvic, retroperitoneal, and abdominal recurrences were not different between the groups.
Conclusion
Despite its frequent use in clinical practice, adjuvant treatment did not improve the survival outcomes of patients with morcellated, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I uterine leiomyosarcoma.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has proven challenging to the management of patients with cancer, particularly those receiving systemic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the ...impact of COVID-19 on patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab.
Patients with unresectable HCC who started atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment between June 2020 and December 2021 at a tertiary cancer center in Korea were included (
= 241) and classified according to their COVID-19 status and severity.
Thirty-five (14.5%) patients with unresectable HCC were diagnosed with COVID-19 during atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment; 26 (74.2%) and nine (25.7%) in the low- and high-severity groups, respectively. The high-severity group showed higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Liver and kidney injuries were observed in 31.4% and 17.1% of total patients, respectively. Liver injury was more prominent in patients with pre-existing liver dysfunction at baseline, who were more prevalent in the high-severity group. Atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment was delayed by a median of 0 (range, 0-21) day in the low-severity group and 12 (range, 0-35) days in the high-severity group. The high-severity group showed worse post-infection progression-free survival (1.1 vs. 4.8 months,
= 0.017) and overall survival (2.2 months vs. not reached,
= 0.004).
Patients with impaired liver function at baseline are more susceptible to high-severity COVID-19, which affects atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment outcomes.
Ovarian cancer therapy generally involves systemic chemotherapy with anticancer drugs; however, chemotherapy with a platinum-based drug has often been shown to cause adverse reactions and drug ...resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) reportedly shows anticancer activity against various types of cancer cells. However, the effects of ER have not yet been fully uncovered in ovarian cancer.
In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of an ER extract and its components against the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-33, A2780, RMUG-S and a cisplatin-resistant SKOV-3 cell line (Cis
SKOV-3). Cell viability and colony formation assays along with subcellular fractionation analysis, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence staining were performed.
ER treatment led to a significant reduction in the viability of SKOV-3 cells. Moreover, limonin, a compound found in ER, reduced the viability of both serous-type (SKOV-3 and A2780) and mucinous-type (RMUG-S) ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via activation of the p53 signaling pathway. Furthermore, limonin reversed the drug resistance through activation of apoptosis in Cis
SKOV-3.
Taken together, our findings suggest that limonin contributes to the anti-ovarian cancer effects of ER by inducing apoptosis via activation of the p53 signaling pathway.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC), derived from basidiomycete mushroom culture, on ovarian cancer cell lines. An in ...vitro growth inhibition assay was performed using AHCC in ovarian cancer cell lines. Western blotting was performed to investigate the mechanism of the observed antiproliferative effect of AHCC. We identified that ovarian cancer cell viability was significantly reduced through treatment with AHCC compared to that in the control. AHCC inhibited constitutive signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in ovarian cancer cell lines. In contrast, treatment with pervanadate, a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, reversed AHCC-induced STAT3 suppression. AHCC treatment induced the expression of SHP-1, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, and suppressed the expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Mcl-1, survivin, and VEGF, which are STAT3-regulated gene products that are associated with cell proliferation or apoptosis. These results suggest that AHCC has an antiproliferative effect on ovarian cancer cell lines, via STAT3 phosphorylation; thus, this compound has the potential to be a complementary and alternative anticancer therapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
The use of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a non-invasive biomarker has been evaluated in many types of cancer. This study investigated the prognostic significance of cfDNA level for ovarian cancer.
...Preoperative sera of 36 patients with ovarian cancer and of 16 with benign tumors were analyzed using commercially available copy number assay kits to measure the cfDNA level of genes including beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), member RAS oncogene family (RAB25), claudin 4 (CLDN4) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily F member 2 (ABCF2). Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
cfDNA level of these genes had no association with other prognostic factors of ovarian cancer. In particular, in patients with advanced stage disease, a low RAB25 level was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (HR=18.2, 95% CI=2.0-170.0) and overall survival (HR=33.6, 95% CI=1.8-634.8).
Our findings suggest that the preoperative serum cfDNA level of RAB25 could be a useful biomarker predicting survival outcomes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
This paper presents results of computational and experimental studies of carbon nanotube (CNT) cathodes in gridded focusing guns intended for traveling-wave tube applications. With a curved CNT ...cathode, a cold beam emission of 11 mA was observed in a diode configuration. Two gridded focusing cathodes pasted with CNTs were then fabricated. When the applied cathode voltage was -0.86 kV, both grid and anode were at ground potential, and the cathode-to-grid distance was 200 mum, the dc emission current from the first gridded CNT cathode was measured to be 4.2 mA. The triode field emission characteristics with two accelerating stages in pulse operation were also examined. With the cathode voltage at -4 kV, a cathode-grid potential difference of 1.38 kV, and a pulsewidth of 20 mus, the measured pulsed current emission was 4.6 mA. The measured current was found to agree with MAGIC2D simulation results. Furthermore, by configuring a double-gridded focusing gun, a significant improvement in the beam focusing data collected through computer modeling was seen
This study investigated PD-L1 expression in endometrial cancer, its links with prognostic factors, and survival outcomes in 232 patients. Of these, 73 (31.5%) had PD-L1-positive tumors and 159 ...(68.5%) had PD-L1-negative tumors. PD-L1 expression significantly correlated with adverse prognostic factors. The PD-L1-positive group had higher rates of high-grade tumors (37.0% vs. 19.1%, p = 0.004), deep myometrial invasion (35.6% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.004), lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (39.7% vs. 25.6%, p = 0.023), and lymph node metastasis (7.2% vs. 17.1%, p = 0.024) than the PD-L1-negative group. While 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) favored the PD-L1-negative group (94.1% vs. 86.3%), this difference lacked statistical significance (p = 0.139). No significant variations emerged in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.596) or recurrence rates between the groups. Although outcomes lack statistical significance, they suggest a plausible link between PD-L1 and established adverse prognostic factors, such as histological grade, myometrial invasion depth, LVSI, and lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer. These insights hint at PD-L1’s potential as an informal prognostic indicator, potentially aiding in endometrial cancer patient management.
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