Fourty-three species of microfungi from bamboo are treated, including one new family,
Occultibambusaceae
, three new genera,
Neoanthostomella
,
Occultibambusa
and
Seriascoma
, 27 new species, one ...renamed species and 15 re-described or re-illustrated species, and four designated reference specimens are treated in this paper, the majority of which are saprobic on dead culms. To determine species identification, separate phylogenetical analyses for each group are carried out, based on molecular data from this study and sequences downloaded from GenBank. Morphologically similar species and phylogenetically close taxa are compared and discussed. In addition a list of bambusicolous fungi published since Hyde and colleagues in 2002 is provided.
To date there is virtually no information available concerning the fungi associated with
Tectona grandis
(teak) (
Lamiaceae
) in Thailand. In this study, samples of microfungi were collected from ...both asymptomatic stems and dead wood, and symptomatic branches, stem and leaves of
T. grandis
from 27 sites in six provinces (Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Phitsanulok, Phrae and Uttaradit Provinces). Morphology and combined multi-gene phylogeny (CAL, GAPDH, ITS, LSU, RPB2, SSU, TEF1 and TUB) were used to identify taxa. A total of 270 collections, representing 28 fungal species residing in 12 families, 7 orders and 21 genera, with three species of uncertain taxonomic placement were identified. Of these, one family, three genera and 14 species are new to science. The new family,
Pseudocoleodictyosporaceae
is introduced based on its distinct lineage in the Dothideomycetes and its unique morphology as compared to
Roussoellaceae
and
Torulaceae
. The new genera are
Neooccultibambusa
,
Pseudocoleodictyospora
and
Subglobosporium
. The newly described species are
Diaporthe neoraonikayaporum
,
D. tectonendophytica
,
D. tectonae
,
D. tectonigena
,
Hermatomyces tectonae
,
H. thailandica
,
Manoharachariella tectonae
,
Neooccultibambusa chiangraiensis
,
Pseudocoleodictyospora sukhothaiensis
,
Ps. tectonae
,
Ps. thailandica
,
Rhytidhysteron tectonae
,
Subglobosporium tectonae
and
Tubeufia tectonae
. Fourteen species are known published taxa including
Alternaria tillandsiae
,
Berkleasmium talaumae
,
Boerlagiomyces macrospora
,
Ceratocladium purpureogriseum
,
Fusarium solani
,
Helicoma siamense
,
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
,
Macrovalsaria megalospora
,
Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum
,
Phaeoacremonium italicum
,
Sphaeropsis eucalypticola
,
Stachybotrys levispora
,
St. renispora
and
Thaxteriellopsis lignicola
. Epitypifications or reference specimens are designated for
Boerlagiomyces macrospora
and
Macrovalsaria megalospora. Macrovalsaria megalospora
is transferred from
Botryosphaeriaceae
to Dothideomycetes genus,
incertae sedis
based on taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis, which indicate it is distinct from
Botryosphaeriaceae
. All fungal species represent first reports on
T. grandis
in Thailand. New taxa and taxa
incertae sedis
, as well as known taxa which are established as reference specimens or epitypes, are presented with phylogenetic tree analyses, habitat, known distribution, material examined, full descriptions, notes and figures. Information is also provided for known taxa to add to the body of knowledge and to assist those wishing to study fungi occurring on
T. grandis
in future.
Species with relatively small, membraneous, black ascomata, with or without long necks, unitunicate, cylindrical asci with apical rings and fusiform, hyaline ascospores with or without mucilaginous ...sheaths are common in freshwater habitats in tropical and temperate regions. Many of these taxa have originally been recorded as
Annulatascaceae
-like taxa. Twenty genera have been included in the family
Annulatascaceae
, mostly based on morphological characters, while molecular work and phylogenetic analyses are lacking for many genera. In this study, nine new
Annulatascaceae
-like taxa collected from Thailand were morphologically examined. Pure cultures obtained from single ascospores were used in molecular studies. The nine new strains and several other strains of Annulatascaceae-like Sordariomycetes species were used to establish phylogenetic and evolution relationships among the taxa, based on combined LSU, SSU, ITS and RPB2 sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses provide evidence to introduce one new order and six new families, to accommodate taxa excluded from
Annulatascaceae
sensu stricto. A new order
Atractosporales
is established based on the molecular study, including three new introduced families
Conlariaceae
,
Pseudoproboscisporaceae
and
Atractosporaceae
.
Conlariaceae
is introduced for the genus
Conlarium
which comprises two species,
Conlarium duplumascosporun
and a new Hyphomycetous asexual morph taxon
Conlarium aquaticum
which has subglobose or irregular, brown, clathrate, muriform conidia.
Pseudoproboscisporaceae
includes
Pseudoproboscispora
and
Diluviicola
, while
Atractosporaceae
includes the genera
Rubellisphaeria
and
Atractospora. Barbatosphaeria
,
Xylomelasma
and
Ceratostomella
form a distinct stable lineage which is introduced as a new family
Barbatosphaeriaceae
in Diaporthomycetidae families
incertae sedis.
A new family
Lentomitellaceae
is introduced in Diaporthomycetidae families
incertae sedis
, to accommodate the genus
Lentomitella. Woswasiaceae
is introduced to accommodate
Woswasia
,
Xylochrysis
and
Cyanoannulus
in Diaporthomycetidae families
incertae sedis
. Three new species of
Fluminicola
viz.
F. saprophytica
,
F. thailandensis
and
F. aquatica
are introduced. A new sexual morph,
Dictyosporella thailandensis,
is reported and
Dictyosporella
is excluded from
Annulatascaceae
and placed in Diaporthomycetidae genera
incertae sedis
. The first sexual morph of
Sporidesmium
,
S. thailandense
is also described. The new species
Atractospora thailandensis
,
Diluviicola aquatica
and
Pseudoproboscispora thailandensis
are also introduced.
Platytrachelon
is added to
Papulosaceae
based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters.
Aquaticola
,
Fusoidispora
and
Pseudoannulatascus
are excluded from
Annulatascaceae
and placed in Diaporthomycetidae genera
incertae sedis
.
Mirannulata
is accommodated in Sordariomycetes, genera
incertae sedis
.
A survey of bambusicolous fungi in Bijiashan Mountain Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, revealed several
-like taxa from dead sheaths, twigs, and clumps of
species. Phylogenetic ...relationships were investigated based on morphology and combined analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), beta tubulin (β-tubulin), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef 1-α) gene sequences. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic data,
sp. nov. and
sp. nov. are introduced herein with descriptions and illustrations. Additionally, two new locality records of
and
are described and illustrated.
Species and generic recognition in the order
Xylariales
has been uncertain due to lack of molecular data from authentic cultures, as well as overlapping morphological characteristics. In this study, ...we revise the families
Graphostromataceae
,
Hypoxylaceae
,
Lopadostomataceae
and
Xylariaceae
in
Xylariales
. Our study is based on DNA sequence data derived from living cultures of fresh isolates, data from GenBank and morphological observation of type and worldwide herbarium specimens. We also collected new specimens from Germany, Italy and Thailand. Combined analyses of ITS, LSU, RPB2 and β-tubulin sequence data were used to reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the above families. Generic and familiar boundaries between these families are revised and presented in an updated combined phylogenetic tree. We accept six genera in
Graphostromataceae
, 19 genera in
Hypoxylaceae
, four in
Lopadostomataceae
and 37 genera in
Xylariaceae
. Five genera previously treated in
Xylariaceae
are placed in
Amphisphaeriales
genera
incertae sedis
and seven genera are placed in
Xylariales
genera
incertae sedis.
Two genera are placed in Sordariomycetes genera
incertae sedis
, while four genera are placed as Xylariomycetidae genera
incertae sedis.
Three genera are considered as doubtful.
Barrmaelia
and
Cannonia
, presently included in
Xylariaceae
are transferred to
Diatrypaceae
and
Coniochaetales
respectively, based on their morphology and phylogeny.
Areolospora
and
Myconeesia
are excluded from
Xylariaceae
and synonymized with
Phaeosporis
and
Anthostomella
respectively. Updated descriptions and illustrations are provided for all taxa with notes provided on each genus. Excluded and doubtful genera are listed with notes on their taxonomy and phylogeny. Taxonomic keys are provided for all revised families with morphological details for genera within the families.
This study deals with an extensive taxonomic reevaluation focusing on phylogenetic relationships and morphological characterization of Tubeufiales, especially those helicosporous hyphomycetes which ...are difficult to identify. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce 13 new genera in the family Tubeufiaceae,
viz. Acanthotubeufia
,
Dematiohelicoma
,
Dematiohelicomyces
,
Dematiohelicosporum
,
Dematiotubeufia
,
Helicoarctatus
,
Helicohyalinum
,
Helicotruncatum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia
,
Neohelicoma
,
Pleurohelicosporium
,
Pseudohelicomyces
and
Pseudohelicoon
; transfer
Chaetosphaerulina
from Dothideomycetes genera
incertae sedis
, and
Artocarpomyces
and
Helicodochium
from Ascomycetes genera
incertae sedis
into Tubeufiaceae; introduce 52 new species,
viz. Berkleasmium fusiforme
,
B. longisporum
,
Chlamydotubeufia cylindrica
,
Dematiohelicosporum guttulatum
,
Helicoarctatus aquaticus
,
Helicodochium aquaticum
,
Helicohyalinum infundibulum
,
Helicoma aquaticum
,
H. brunneisporum
,
H. cocois
,
H. rufum
,
H. fusiforme
,
H. longisporum
,
H. multiseptatum
,
H. rubriappendiculatum
,
H. septoconstrictum
,
H. tectonae
,
Helicomyces hyalosporus
,
Helicosporium aquaticum
,
H. flavisporum
,
H. setiferum
,
H. vesicarium
,
H. viridiflavum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia fusiformis
,
Neohelicomyces hyalosporus
,
Neohelicosporium acrogenisporum
,
N. astrictum
,
N. ellipsoideum
,
N. irregulare
,
N. krabiense
,
N. laxisporum
,
N. ovoideum
,
Pleurohelicosporium parvisporum
,
Pseudohelicomyces aquaticus
,
P. hyalosporus
,
Tubeufia abundata
,
T. bambusicola
,
T. brevis
,
T. brunnea
,
T. chlamydospora
,
T. dictyospora
,
T. eccentrica
,
T. fangchengensis
,
T. hechiensis
,
T. inaequalis
,
T. krabiensis
,
T. rubra
,
T. sessilis
,
T. sympodihylospora
,
T. sympodilaxispora
,
T. taiwanensis
and
T. tratensis
; provide 43 new combinations,
viz. Acanthohelicospora guianensis
,
Acanthotubeufia filiforme
,
Berkleasmium aquatica
,
B. guangxiense
,
B. latisporum
,
B. thailandicum
,
Dematiohelicoma perelegans
,
D. pulchrum
,
Dematiohelicomyces helicosporus
,
Dematiotubeufia chiangraiensis
,
Helicohyalinum aquaticum
,
Helicoma elinorae
,
H. gigasporum
,
H. hongkongense
,
H. linderi
,
H. nematosporum
,
H. pannosum
,
H. serpentinum
,
Helicomyces chiayiensis
,
Helicotruncatum palmigenum
,
Neochlamydotubeufia khunkornensis
,
Neohelicoma fagacearum
,
Neohelicomyces pallidus
,
Neohelicosporium abuense
,
N. aurantiellum
,
N. griseum
,
N. morganii
,
N. myrtacearum
,
N. nizamabadense
,
N. sympodiophorum
,
N. taiwanense
,
N. vesiculiferum
,
Pseudohelicomyces indicus
,
P. paludosus
,
P. talbotii
,
Pseudohelicoon gigantisporum
,
P. subglobosum
,
Tubeufia dentophora
,
T. geniculata
,
T. lilliputea
,
T. machaerinae
,
T. sympodiophora
and
T. xylophila
; introduce 16 new records,
viz. Dictyospora thailandica
,
Helicomyces colligatus
,
H. torquatus
,
Neohelicosporium guangxiense
,
N. hyalosporum
,
N. parvisporum
,
Thaxteriellopsis lignicola
,
Tubeufia aquatica
,
T. chiangmaiensis
,
T. cylindrothecia
,
T. filiformis
,
T. guangxiensis
,
T. laxispora
,
T. parvispora
,
T. roseohelicospora
and
T. tectonae
. The taxonomy of
Helicoma
,
Helicomyces
and
Helicosporium
is revisited based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence.
Neorhamphoria
is transferred to Bezerromycetaceae. Three species are excluded from the genus
Chlamydotubeufia
, twelve species from
Helicoma
, four species from
Helicomyces
, 25 species from
Helicosporium
, six species from
Neoacanthostigma
and one species from
Tubeufia
. A multi-gene phylogenetic tree based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data of species of Tubeufiales is provided. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided, as well as the morphological comparison with similar taxa are explored. The checklist of accepted Tubeufiales species and re-organised Tubeufiales species are provided.
This paper provides illustrated descriptions of micro-fungi newly found on Pandanaceae in China and Thailand. The fungi are accommodated in 31 families. New taxa described include a new family, seven ...new genera, 65 new species, 16 previously known species. A new family: Malaysiascaceae (Glomerellales). New genera are
Acremoniisimulans
(Plectosphaerellaceae),
Pandanaceomyces
,
Pseudoachroiostachy
(Nectriaceae
)
,
Pseudohyaloseta
(Niessliaceae),
Pseudoornatispora
(Stachybotriaceae) and
Yunnanomyces
(Sympoventuriaceae). New species are
Acremoniisimulans thailandensis
,
Beltrania krabiensis
,
Beltraniella pandanicola
,
B
.
thailandicus
,
Canalisporium krabiense
,
C
.
thailandensis
,
Clonostachys krabiensis
,
Curvularia chonburiensis
,
C
.
pandanicola
,
C
.
thailandicum
,
C
.
xishuangbannaensis
,
Cylindrocladiella xishuangbannaensis
,
Dictyochaeta pandanicola
,
Dictyocheirospora nabanheensis
,
D
.
pandanicola
,
D
.
xishuangbannaensis
,
Dictyosporium appendiculatum
,
Di
.
guttulatum
,
Di
.
hongkongensis
,
Di
.
krabiense
,
Di
.
pandanicola
,
Distoseptispora thailandica
,
D
.
xishuangbannaensis
,
Helicoma freycinetiae
,
Hermatomyces biconisporus
,
Lasiodiplodia chonburiensis
,
L
.
pandanicola
,
Lasionectria krabiense
,
Menisporopsis pandanicola
,
Montagnula krabiensis
,
Musicillium pandanicola
,
Neofusicoccum pandanicola
,
Neohelicomyces pandanicola
,
Neooccultibambusa thailandensis
,
Neopestalotiopsis chiangmaiensis
,
N
.
pandanicola
,
N
.
phangngaensis
,
Pandanaceomyces krabiensis
,
Paracylindrocarpon nabanheensis
,
P
.
pandanicola
,
P
.
xishuangbannaensis
,
Parasarcopodium hongkongensis
,
Pestalotiopsis krabiensis
,
P
.
pandanicola
,
Polyplosphaeria nabanheensis
,
P
.
pandanicola
,
P
.
xishuangbannaensis
,
Pseudoachroiostachys krabiense
,
Pseudoberkleasmium pandanicola
,
Pseudochaetosphaeronema pandanicola
,
Pseudohyaloseta pandanicola
,
Pseudoornatispora krabiense
,
Pseudopithomyces pandanicola
,
Rostriconidium pandanicola
,
Sirastachys phangngaensis
,
Stictis pandanicola
,
Terriera pandanicola
,
Thozetella pandanicola
,
Tubeufia freycinetiae
,
T
.
parvispora
,
T
.
pandanicola
,
Vermiculariopsiella hongkongensis
,
Volutella krabiense
,
V
.
thailandensis
and
Yunnanomyces pandanicola
. Previous studies of micro-fungi on Pandanaceae have not included phylogenetic support. Inspiration for this study came from the book
Fungi Associated with Pandanaceae
by Whitton, McKenzie and Hyde in 2012. Both studies reveal that the micro-fungi on Pandanaceae is particularly rich in hyphomycetes. All data presented herein are based on morphological examination of specimens, coupled with phylogenetic sequence data to better integrate taxa into appropriate taxonomic ranks and infer their evolutionary relationships.
Aculeata
gen. nov.,
Minimelanolocus thailandensis
sp. nov.,
Thysanorea aquatica
sp. nov. and
Veronaea
botryosa
are described and illustrated from submerged wood collected from a freshwater habitat in ...Thailand. Morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses support the classification of the four isolates in
Herpotrichiellaceae
. Their relationships with other morphologically similar taxa are discussed.
Veronaea
botryosa
is reported for the first time from a freshwater habitat.
Collections of microfungi on bamboo and grasses in Thailand revealed an interesting species morphologically resembling Lophiostoma, but which can be distinguished from the latter based on multi-locus ...phylogeny. In this paper, a new genus, Sublophiostoma is introduced to accommodate the taxon, S. thailandica sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses using combined ITS, LSU, RPB2, SSU, and TEF sequences demonstrate that six strains of the new species form a distinct clade within Pleosporales, but cannot be assigned to any existing family. Therefore, a new family Sublophiostomataceae (Pleosporales) is introduced to accommodate the new genus. The sexual morph of Sublophiostomataceae is characterized by subglobose to hemisphaerical, ostiolate ascomata, with crest-like openings, a peridium with cells of textura angularis to textura epidermoidea, cylindric-clavate asci with a bulbous or foot-like narrow pedicel and a well-developed ocular chamber, and hyaline, fusiform, 1-septate ascospores surrounded by a large mucilaginous sheath. The asexual morph (coelomycetous) of the species are observed on culture media.
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