Using neural networks for learning motion controllers from motion capture data is becoming popular due to the natural and smooth motions they can produce, the wide range of movements they can learn ...and their compactness once they are trained. Despite these advantages, these systems require large amounts of motion capture data for each new character or style of motion to be generated, and systems have to undergo lengthy retraining, and often reengineering, to get acceptable results. This can make the use of these systems impractical for animators and designers and solving this issue is an open and rather unexplored problem in computer graphics. In this paper we propose a transfer learning approach for adapting a learned neural network to characters that move in different styles from those on which the original neural network is trained. Given a pretrained character controller in the form of a Phase‐Functioned Neural Network for locomotion, our system can quickly adapt the locomotion to novel styles using only a short motion clip as an example. We introduce a canonical polyadic tensor decomposition to reduce the amount of parameters required for learning from each new style, which both reduces the memory burden at runtime and facilitates learning from smaller quantities of data. We show that our system is suitable for learning stylized motions with few clips of motion data and synthesizing smooth motions in real‐time.
Diabetic patients may have vitamin deficiencies, which are important in the follow-up and complications of diabetes for various reasons. It may be beneficial to include the use of dental prosthesis ...among the parameters that should be investigated as a cause of vitamin deficiency during the management and follow-up of diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin B12, folic acid, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, iron, magnesium, and HbA1c levels in diabetic patients with and without removable dental prosthesis and in non-diabetic patients with prosthesis.
This study is a single-center case-control study. Participants were classified into the following groups: 1) Diabetic patients (n = 528) with prosthesis, 2) non-diabetic patients with prosthesis (n = 121) and 3) diabetic patients without prosthesis (n = 100). Vitamin B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, folic acid, ferritin, iron, magnesium, and HbA1c levels were measured and compared across the groups.
A significant difference was observed between the groups with respect to the above parameters. Vitamin B12 levels were determined to be higher in the diabetic group without prosthesis. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were found to be significantly higher in the non-diabetic group with a prosthesis than in the other two groups. There was no statistical difference in the iron levels between the groups. Ferritin levels were observed to be significantly higher in the diabetic group with prosthesis compared to the other two groups. Magnesium levels were significantly different between all the three groups. The highest magnesium levels were found in the non-diabetic group with prosthesis. HbA1c levels were found to be higher in the diabetic group with prosthesis. Magnesium levels were correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, but a negative correlation was observed between these and HbA1c.
Serum vitamin B12 levels were lower in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups with prosthesis compared to the diabetic group without prosthesis. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were lower and ferritin was higher in the diabetic groups with and without prosthesis. Magnesium levels were significantly lower in the diabetic group with a prosthesis than in the other two groups. The mean HbA1c level was higher in the diabetic group with prosthesis. The comparison of diabetic patients receiving metformin revealed a higher pronounced vitamin B12 deficiency in the diabetic group with prosthesis. These findings show that those diabetic patients with prosthesis should be evaluated for vitamin B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and magnesium deficiency.
Pituitary insufficiency secondary to internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm is a very rare condition. Its prevalence is reported as 0.17% (Heshmati et al., 2001). We present a case of pituitary ...insufficiency and hyperprolactinemia secondary to suprasellar giant intracranial aneurysm. A 71-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with symptoms of hypopituitarism, hyperprolactinemia, and visual field defect. His pituitary MRI and cerebral angiography revealed a giant saccular aneurysm filling suprasellar cistern arising from the ophthalmic segment of the right ICA. Endovascular treatment was performed on the patient to decrease the mass effect of aneurysm and improve the hypophysis dysfunction. After treatment, his one-year follow-up showed the persistence of hypophysis insufficiency, decrease of prolactin (PRL) level, and normal visual field. An intracranial aneurysm can mimic the appearance and behavior of a pituitary adenoma. Intracranial aneurysms should be taken into consideration in the situation of hypopituitarism and hyperprolactinemia. It is important to distinguish them because their treatment approach is different from the others.
Results There were no significant differences in LV ejection fraction, interventricular septum thickness, lately diastolic wave (A), heart rate, aort diamater, left atrium diamater and LV systolic or ...diastolic volumes between the groups.
Aim Patients with lipodystrophy are at high risk for chronic complications of diabetes. Recently, we have reported 18 diabetic foot ulcer episodes in 9 subjects with lipodystrophy. This current study ...aims to determine risk factors associated with foot ulcer development in this rare disease population. Methods Ninety metreleptin naïve patients with diabetes registered in our national lipodystrophy database were included in this observational retrospective cohort study (9 with and 81 without foot ulcers). Results Patients with lipodystrophy developing foot ulcers had longer diabetes duration (p = 0.007), longer time since lipodystrophy diagnosis (p = 0.008), and higher HbA1c levels (p = 0.041). Insulin use was more prevalent (p = 0.003). The time from diagnosis of diabetes to first foot ulcer was shorter for patients with generalized lipodystrophy compared to partial lipodystrophy (p = 0.036). Retinopathy (p < 0.001), neuropathy (p < 0.001), peripheral artery disease (p = 0.001), and kidney failure (p = 0.003) were more commonly detected in patients with foot ulcers. Patients with foot ulcers tended to have lower leptin levels (p = 0.052). Multiple logistic regression estimated significant associations between foot ulcers and generalized lipodystrophy (OR: 40.81, 95% CI: 3.31-503.93, p = 0.004), long-term diabetes (greater than or equai to 15 years; OR: 27.07, 95% CI: 2.97-246.39, p = 0.003), and decreased eGFR (OR: 13.35, 95% CI: 1.96-90.67, p = 0.008). Conclusions Our study identified several clinical factors associated with foot ulceration among patients with lipodystrophy and diabetes. Preventive measures and effective treatment of metabolic consequences of lipodystrophy are essential to prevent the occurrence of foot ulcers in these high-risk individuals. Keywords: Diabetes, Foot ulcer, Lipodystrophy, Neuropathy, Peripheral artery disease
This study evaluated the protective effect of Panax Ginseng (PG) on bone metabolism in an experimental ovariectomy (OVX) model of osteoporosis in which inflammation was induced by subcutaneous ...magnesium silicate. The groups were: sham control (Group1, SH), sham+inflammation (Group2, SHinf), OVX (Group3), OVX+inflammation (Group4, OVXinf), OVX+inflammation+PG 100 mg/kg (Group5, OVXinf+PG1), OVX+inflammation+PG 200 mg/kg (Group6, OVXinf+PG2), OVX+PG 100 mg/kg (Group7, OVX+PG1), OVX+PG 200 mg/kg (Group8, OVX+PG1). After the OVX surgery, all the groups were allowed to recover for two months. On the 59th day after the OVX, inflammation was induced in Groups 2, 4, 5, and 6 by subcutaneous injections of magnesium silicate in the back of the animals. Groups 5 and 7 were administered oral PG 100 mg/kg, and Groups 6 and 8 were administered oral PG 200 mg/kg from the 60th to the 80th day. PG 200 mg/kg was able to restore BMD, up to values measured in both the OVX and the SH animals. The levels of OC and OP decreased in OVXinf+PG1 and OVXinf+PG2 groups. The serum levels of TNF—α, IL—1β, and IL—6 were increased significantly in the OVXinf rats compared with the SH group. The present data showed that PG protected against in the OVX model and in inflammation-induced bone loss rat model.
Purpose: Sexual health is not only the absence of sexual dysfunction or disability, but also the presence of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being related to sexuality. The current study ...aims to determine whether all adult patients who have applied for their regular health check-ups due to diabetes mellitus had ever voluntarily expressed their sexual problems to a specialist and whether they were asked about the presence of sexual dysfunction. It also aims to determine how the physicians attach importance to the issue. Patients and Methods: All patients aged 18-65 years with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, who applied to our hospital between the years of January 2021 and 2022, were questioned by filling out a questionnaire for the presence of sexual problems in addition to screening for chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and routine history and physical examination. Results: The association between the presence of sexual problems and whether patients were questioned about the relevant issue in their previous controls and gender and age factors, educational background, presence of comorbidities, duration of marriage, and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus were examined. In a population of 595 patients, 53.78% of the patients stated that they had sexual problems; however, 9.91% had been questioned about this issue by the physician. It was observed that 6.3% of female and 15.3% of male patients had previously consulted a doctor voluntarily due to their sexual problems. Conclusion: This study presents empirical findings that shed light on the inadequacies in healthcare providers' approach to addressing sexual health concerns among individuals diagnosed with diabetes, as well as the shortcomings in patients' effective communication of these concerns. Keywords: sexual problem, diabetes mellitus, care
Objective: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a fairly efficient method of preventing hypoglycaemia in diabetic patients. Blood glucose meters (BGMs) are influenced by factors such as ...altitude, temperature, blood oxygen concentration, low atmospheric pressure or humidity. In this study we aimed at evaluating the performance of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) or glucose oxidase (GOX) based glucometers at moderately high altitude.
Method: A total of 286 female or male patients, most of whom had type 2 diabetes, were included in this study. The simultaneous readings made by two different glucometers were compared with the readings made at the reference laboratory.
Results: Blood glucose levels measured by a GDH based glucometer at moderately high altitude were significantly (p = 0.007) higher compared to those measured at the reference laboratory. Although blood glucose levels measured by a GOX based glucometer were lower compared to those measured at the reference laboratory, the difference was not significant (p = 0.54). The difference between GOX and GDH readings with regard to blood glucose levels was also significant (p = 0.001). Blood glucometers were influenced by moderately high altitude.
Conclusion: The use of a GOX based glucometer at moderately high altitude may be useful in detecting hypoglycaemia at these conditions, since significantly higher blood glucose levels were measured with a GDH based glucometer compared to reference readings.
Summary
Primary and metastatic malignancies of the sternum are uncommon. Secondary lesions to the sternum occur more commonly in patients with lung and breast cancer, and only a few cases of sternal ...metastasis arising from a follicular thyroid carcinoma have been reported in the literature. Rarely, metastases to the sternum present in the guise of primary sternal tumours may be treated surgically with that diagnosis in mind. We describe a case of a sternal mass treated by radical surgery, which ultimately proved to be a solitary metastasis from a follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, appearing 13 years after total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy. Late metastatic thyroid carcinoma to the sternum should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of sternal lesions. For patients with thyroid carcinoma and sternal metastasis, we recommend surgical resection of the metastasis, not only as a curative or palliative measure but also to maximise the effect of subsequent radioiodine treatment.
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