The content-analysis of up to date literature has been carried out and on this basis the basic psychophysiological elements of different emotional status’s formation has been revealed. The approaches ...of this condition’s computer modeling have been developed at the realization of operator activity. The questions of computer model’s construction of emotional status formation in the human-operator have been discovered.
PHENIX central arm tracking detectors Ajitanand, N.N.; Alexander, J.; Averbeck, R. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2003, Letnik:
499, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The PHENIX tracking system consists of Drift Chambers (DC), Pad Chambers (PC) and the Time Expansion Chamber (TEC). PC1/DC and PC2/TEC/PC3 form the inner and outer tracking units, respectively. These ...units link the track segments that transverse the RICH and extend to the EMCal. The DC measures charged particle trajectories in the
r–
φ direction to determine
p
T
of the particles and the invariant mass of particle pairs. The PCs perform 3D spatial point measurements for pattern recognition and longitudinal momentum reconstruction and provide spatial resolution of a few mm in both
r–
φ and
z. The TEC tracks particles passing through the region between the RICH and the EMCal. The design and operational parameters of the detectors are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. The observed spatial and momentum resolution is given which imposes a limitation on the identification and characterization of charged particles in various momentum ranges.
The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with its unique electron identification system enables us to perform high precision measurements of electron yields. By measuring ...electron production at high transverse momentum, we can disentangle the contribution of electrons originating from semi-leptonic decays of heavy quarks (charm or bottom) from the less interesting “photonic” decay modes of light mesons. D/B mesons carry single heavy valence quarks and are usually referred to as “Open Charm” and “Open Bottom” particles, differentiating them from Closed Flavor particles such as J/ψ, and Y mesons. Due to the large mass of the heavy quarks, their production mechanisms can be adequately explained by perturbative QCD (pQCD) theory. This dissertation presents the measurement of electrons from heavy flavor decays in proton + proton collisions at RHIC at collision energy special characters omitted = 200 GeV over a wide range of transverse moment (0.4 < pT < 5 GeV/c). Two independent analysis techniques of signal extraction were performed. The “Cocktail” subtraction is based on the calculation and subtraction of the expected “photon-related” electron background based upon measured yields of light mesons. The “Converter” subtraction is based upon a direct measurement of photon yields achieved introducing additional material in the PHENIX acceptance and deducing the photon abundance by measuring the increase in electron yield. This is the first measurement of the Open Charm crossection at this collision energy and it is an important baseline measurement for comparison with nucleus + nucleus collisions. The modification of Open Charm production in heavy ion collisions compared to the presented p + p result can be used to study the final state interaction of the heavy quarks with hot dense matter inside the collisions. The results of the Open Charm measurements are compared to current pQCD predictions both in Leading Order (LO) Ospecial characters omitted and Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) Ospecial characters omitted. The final result for the total Open Charm crossection is σ cc¯ = (0.920 ± 0.148(stat) ± 0.524(sys)) mb, in good agreement with the published STAR experiment measurements of Open Charm crossection in d + Au colliding system.
This article deals with the determination of the characteristic features of methodical teaching systems, where their essence, relevance is described. There is determined their overall composition, ...based on analysis of current scientific studies, general characteristic and specific features of methodical teaching systems (composition and structure) and the specific characteristics (structure, condition, behavior, stability, development, adaptation, complementarity, balance system) are described.
The dissertation presents the measurement of electrons from heavy flavor
decays in proton + proton collisions at RHIC at collision energy $\sqrt(s) =
200$ GeV. Two independent analysis techniques of ...signal extraction were
performed. This is the first measurement of the Open Charm crossection at this
collision energy and it is an important baseline measurement for comparison
with nucleus + nucleus collisions. The modification of Open Charm production in
heavy ion collisions compared to the presented p+p result can be used to study
the final state interaction of the heavy quarks with hot dense matter inside
the collisions. The results of the Open Charm measurements are compared to
current pQCD predictions both in Leading Order (LO) $O(\alpha_s^2)$ and
Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) $O(\alpha_s^3)$. The final result for the total
Open Charm crossection is $\sigma_{c\bar{c}}= (0.920 \pm 0.148(stat)\pm
0.524(sys))$ mb.
Nucl.Phys. A774 (2006) 669-672 The paper presents recent PHENIX results for the nuclear modification factor
R_AA in Au + Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV for the electrons
originating from ...semi-leptonic decays of open heavy flavor carrying particles.
We also report the results of the azimuthal asymmetry (v_2) measurement for
those electrons, which is directly related to the heavy quark elliptic flow.
The dissertation presents the measurement of electrons from heavy flavor decays in proton + proton collisions at RHIC at collision energy \(\sqrt(s) = 200\) GeV. Two independent analysis techniques ...of signal extraction were performed. This is the first measurement of the Open Charm crossection at this collision energy and it is an important baseline measurement for comparison with nucleus + nucleus collisions. The modification of Open Charm production in heavy ion collisions compared to the presented p+p result can be used to study the final state interaction of the heavy quarks with hot dense matter inside the collisions. The results of the Open Charm measurements are compared to current pQCD predictions both in Leading Order (LO) \(O(\alpha_s^2)\) and Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) \(O(\alpha_s^3)\). The final result for the total Open Charm crossection is \(\sigma_{c\bar{c}}= (0.920 \pm 0.148(stat)\pm 0.524(sys))\) mb.
The paper presents recent PHENIX results for the nuclear modification factor R_AA in Au + Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV for the electrons originating from semi-leptonic decays of open heavy ...flavor carrying particles. We also report the results of the azimuthal asymmetry (v_2) measurement for those electrons, which is directly related to the heavy quark elliptic flow.
Phys. Rev. D 93, 011501 (2016) PHENIX measurements are presented for the cross section and double-helicity
asymmetry ($A_{LL}$) in inclusive $\pi^0$ production at midrapidity from
$p$$+$$p$ ...collisions at $\sqrt{s}=510$~GeV from data taken in 2012 and 2013 at
the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The next-to-leading-order
perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics theory calculation is in excellent
agreement with the presented cross section results. The calculation utilized
parton-to-pion fragmentation functions from the recent DSS14 global analysis,
which prefer a smaller gluon-to-pion fragmentation function. The
$\pi^{0}A_{LL}$ results follow an increasingly positive asymmetry trend with
$p_T$ and $\sqrt{s}$ with respect to the predictions and are in excellent
agreement with the latest global analysis results. This analysis incorporated
earlier results on $\pi^0$ and jet $A_{LL}$, and suggested a positive
contribution of gluon polarization to the spin of the proton $\Delta G$ for the
gluon momentum fraction range $x>0.05$. The data presented here extend to a
currently unexplored region, down to $x\sim0.01$, and thus provide additional
constraints on the value of $\Delta G$. The results confirm the evidence for
nonzero $\Delta G$ using a different production channel in a complementary
kinematic region.
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