All-optical set-reset flip-flop operations of conventional circular cylindrical-shaped 1.55-μm wavelength single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been demonstrated at a ...switching frequency of 1 GHz based on polarization bistability observed via injection current variation. The energy of set and reset pulses was lower than 4.5 fJ at a bias current of the VCSEL of 4 mA. Polarization bistable VCSELs will be useful for high-speed optical signal processing applications.
We report the first experimental invetigation of the polarization-mode switching dynamics and injection- wavelength-dependent polarization-mode bistability of a 1.5-m wavelength single-mode ...vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) under external laser beam injection. An injection beam with polarization orthogonal to that of the stand-alone VCSEL caused polarization-mode instability and switching of the VCSEL output. By varying the optical injection detuning for fixed injection power observation was made of a novel form of polarization bistability which will have applications in a new type of all-optical flip-flop and signal processing scheme.
We report the first experimental invetigation of the polarization-mode switching dynamics and injection-wavelength-dependent polarization-mode bistability of a 1.5-m wavelength single-mode ...vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) under external laser beam injection. An injection beam with polarization orthogonal to that of the stand-alone VCSEL caused polarization-mode instability and switching of the VCSEL output. By varying the optical injection detuning for fixed injection power observation was made of a novel form of polarization bistability which will have applications in a new type of all-optical flip-flop and signal processing scheme.
The purpose of this study is to examine the toxicity of Alexandrium tamarense strains using a channel biosensor. With this biosensor, we were able to measure very small quantities of PSP toxin ...contained within an individual plankton cell. However, measurement of at least 100 cells is more desirable for increasing the sensitivity of the assay. Therefore, in the near future, the proposed biosensor system may be used for monitoring the STX (saxitoxin) produced by a few naturally toxic phytoplankton, and also measuring small amounts of toxin in shellfish.
Summary form only given. We have shown that an InP/InGaAsP 1x8 multimode interference (MMI) splitter shows good performance at power splitting in a wide wavelength range around centered wavelength. ...From the experimental results, the dominant factor that affects on the splitter performance is the MMI splitter width. The incident light mode or wavelength does not sensitively act on power splitting in MMI.
Acrylamide is known to cause cancer in laboratory animals and so these findings on relevant to human health. Acrylamide was not found in any raw or boiled food investigated. There have been no ...previous reports of acrylamide in foods at these levels. The food safety implications of acrylamide toxins has been widely reported in potato noodles. It is envisioned that this method may be used for future acrylamide toxin monitoring in the food environment.
The cell growth inhibitor effect of cervical cancer cells was investigated by liposome mediated transfection (pRcCMVp53/lipofectin) and by transfection using adenovirus (AdCMVp53). The papilloma ...virus cancer cell lines we used in this study were HPV16 positive, having inhibitor gene, wild p53 gene, CaSki, SiHa, HPV18 positive HeLa, HeLaS3 and HPV negative C33A, HT3. LacZ gene of E.coli was used as the marker gene for the transfection efficiency. The effect on the inhibition of tumor cell growth was measured by cell count and cell viability though ELISA analysis and MTT assay. The inhibition of tumor cell growth was confirmed by measuring each assay for six days, comparing with the normal control cell growth. The cell growth of cervical cancer cells by transfection was significantly reduced and showed little differences among the cell lines. To eliminate the potential problem of Ad(adenovirus) contamination during rAAV production, rAAV can be produced by a triple transfection of vector plasmid, packaging plasmid, and adenovirus helper plasmid. To examine the helper functions of Ad plasmids on the production of rAAV vector, we carried out cotransfection of three plasmids, AAV vector, packaging
construct, and Ad helper plasmids. The optimized transfection condition for calcium phosphate method is 25 μg of total DNA per 10-cm-diameter plate of 293 cell. We found that rAAV yields peaked at 48hr after Ad infection. The titer of rAAV was measured by the dot blot analysis to measure the number of particles/ml based on the quantification of viral DNA. Recently,
Kombucha(fungi) was identified as a very potent antileukemic agent. In the present study, effect of natural toxin(plankton) and Kombucha is PSP(GTX1-3, neoSTX), on various MTT assay cervical cancer cell line. Toxin(GTX 1-3, neoSTX) also inhibited the proliferation in primary cervical cancer cells in a dose-dependent toxin concentration. These results showed that
toxin was very potent in inhibiting the proliferation of cervical cancer cells in vitro. Toxins and Kombucha exhibited a dose dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation in cancer cell line.
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