The secondary metabolism of plants is affected by several factors, including the type of cultivation and light, which directly interfere with photosynthesis, causing changes in the content and ...composition of secondary plant metabolites. Thus, this study sought to answer whether the light lengths of red light emitting diodes (LED), as well as different cultivation methods, can cause changes in the chemical composition of the essential oil of
Acmella oleracea
. The experimental design was divided into four treatments. T1: in vitro using LED lights for indoor cultivation; T2: in vitro with red LED light; T3: in pot with LED lights for indoor cultivation and T4: in pot with red LED light. All treatments were kept in a biochemical oxygen demand oven for 45 days. Leaf material was collected, essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, with subsequent chemical characterization by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that
trans
-cariophyllene (13.04% and 8.89%) and 2-tridecanone (16.45% and 15.09%) compounds were directly affected by red LED light, in both in vitro (T2) and in pot (T4) treatments. The major compound α-cadinol (18.75%) and 4-epi-cubedol (29.11%) were directly affected by the treatment T3. The results indicated that red light and cultivation methods significantly influenced the chemical composition of
A
.
oleracea
essential oil.
Key message
Red LED light affected the production of secondary metabolites in
Acmella oleracea
.
Trans
-cariophyllene and 2-tridecanone were affected by red LED light in both cultivation treatments.
Tetradenia riparia
(Lamiaceae) is native to Central Africa popularly known as myrrh, used in folk medicine to treat various diseases like malaria, gastroenteritis, and tropical skin disease. This ...research was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the crude extract (CE) and fractions (FR) of the
T. riparia
by classical chromatography. The CE of
T. riparia
leaves was submitted to column chromatographic fractionation to obtain four fractions of the interest, which were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrum: FR-I (abieta-7,9(11)-dien-13-β-ol), FR-II (Ibozol), FR-III (8 (14), 15-sandaracopimaradiene-2α, 18-diol and 8 (14), 15-sandaracopimaradiene-7α, 18-diol), and FR-IV (Astragalin, Boronolide and Luteolin). Total phenol content of CE and FR were measured, and antioxidant action by methods of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), β-carotene/linoleic acid system, and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and the antibacterial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method with the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The FR-IV presented antioxidant potential with 181.67 μg gallic acid/mg, IC
50
of 0.61 μg/mL by DPPH method, 55.61% oxidation protection by β-carotene/linoleic acid system and 4.59 µM ferrous sulfate/mg of sample by FRAP, and the FR-I showed higher antibacterial potential on the strain
Staphylococcus aureus
with MIC 0.98 μg/mL
, Enterococcus faecalis
and
Bacillus cereus
with MIC 31.2 μg/mL. Thus, the fractionation of CE was extremely important to detect fractions with potential activities, and investigations are necessary regarding the mechanism of action and action in vivo.
Graphical Abstract
Lentinus crinitus
is a wild fungus, which produces mushrooms consumed by some Amazonian Indians. Besides, it is recognized for its diverse biological activities and biotechnological applications. ...However, there are few reports with limited information on basidiocarp chemical composition and cytotoxicity. Our study determined and evaluated the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity of
L. crinitus
pileus and stipe separately. Chromatographic methods were used to evaluate basidiocarp chemical composition. Cytotoxicity was verified using a cell culture from porcine liver and against a panel of human tumor cells from different models. Antioxidant activity was assessed by different in vitro methods. The pileus had higher levels of protein, ash, tocopherols, and organic acids, mainly malic acid, than the stipe. The stipe revealed higher contents of carbohydrates, energy, soluble sugars, and phenolic acids, mostly
p
-hydroxybenzoic acid.
L. crinitus
basidiocarp has mainly trehalose as soluble sugar, and less than 1% fat being ~60% polyunsaturated fatty acids (mostly linoleic and oleic acids), and ~13% saturated fatty acids (mostly palmitic acid).
L. crinitus
revealed high antioxidant activity for most methods and no cytotoxic activity against tumor and non-tumor cells.
L. crinitus
basidiocarp can be considered a functional food with applicability in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Graphic abstract
The chemical composition of
fruits essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus was investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In ...addition, the cytotoxicity activity against human tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (large cell lung carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and non-tumor PLP2 (porcine liver primary cells) as well as the anti-inflammatory action was proposal. The compounds were predominantly organosulfates (2,8-dithianonane, dimethyl trisulfide, and lenthionine). Anti-inflammatory activity that provides 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production (55 µg/mL) of essential oil of the fruits. It also presents cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (GI
= 66 µg/mL), NCI-H-460 (GI
= 147 µg/mL), HeLa (GI
= 182 µg/mL) and HepG2 (GI
= 240 µg/mL). The essential oil is more active in tumor cells than in non-tumor cells and the GI
values for essential oil reported in our work support future studies.
Therapeutic potential of Zingiberaceae in Alzheimer's disease Bortolucci, Wanessa de Campos; Trettel, Jessica Rezende; Bernardi, Danilo Magnani ...
Boletín latinoamericano y del Caribe de plantas medicinales y aromáticas,
9/2020, Letnik:
19, Številka:
5
Journal Article
The chemical composition of Gallesia integrifolia fruits essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus was investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass ...spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, the cytotoxicity activity against human tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (large cell lung carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and non-tumor PLP2 (porcine liver primary cells) as well as the anti-inflammatory action was proposal. The compounds were predominantly organosulfates (2,8-dithianonane, dimethyl trisulfide, and lenthionine). Anti-inflammatory activity that provides 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production (55 µg/mL) of essential oil of the fruits. It also presents cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (GI
50
= 66 µg/mL), NCI-H-460 (GI
50
= 147 µg/mL), HeLa (GI
50
= 182 µg/mL) and HepG2 (GI
50
= 240 µg/mL). The essential oil is more active in tumor cells than in non-tumor cells and the GI
50
values for essential oil reported in our work support future studies.
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