•1. Coal gasification fine ash can be separated by triboelectrostatic separation.•2. Separated unburned carbon can be blended back into the furnace for combustion.•3. Particle size and ...microtopography have an important influence on separation.•4. Triboelectrostatic separation enables particulate-grade recovery of products.
Unburned carbon particles in coal gasification fine ash can be recycled as fuel for further combustion and ash particles are highly valuable for utilization, which can only be of secondary utilization if the two are separated. Due to the small size of gasification fine ash particles, triboelectrostatic separation has more technological advantages than traditional flotation. In this study, a first attempt has been made to separate carbon and ash particles from coal gasification fine ash by triboelectrostatic separation. It aims to investigate the feasibility of the method and to study how different mineralogical characteristics affect triboelectrostatic separation. Herein, proximate analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis were adopted to investigate the fundamental nature of raw ash. The triboelectrostatic separation experiments under single conditions were conducted. Carbon enriched products with loss on ignition of 37.45% and ash enriched products with that of 10.32% were obtained whose yield was 29.81% and 32.98%, respectively. Results demonstrated the feasibility of the dry technology to separate residual carbon and ash particles in coal gasification fine ash. Furthermore, triboelectrostatic separation of coal gasification fine ash was significantly affected by differences in particle size and microtopography. Particles of small size were firstly adsorbed by plates in the high voltage electric field. The charge capacity of flake and blocky carbon particles was stronger than that of bonded and flocculated carbon particles allowing them easier to be separated.
Research on the particle movement in a flexible air chamber jig Yinghua, Chen; Jie, Tang; Haisheng, Li ...
Advanced powder technology : the international journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan,
January 2023, 2023-01-00, Letnik:
34, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
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•EDM and VOF model coupling to simulate jig process.•Fluid plays a positive role in the beginning of rising to the early expansion period and the exhaust period.•The effect of force ...on light and heavy particles is different.•When air intake period is less than 18% of the cycle, the separation speed is slow.
Flexible air chamber jig is a new type jig, which has a wide application prospect. The stratification process of flexible air chamber jig was analyzed with discrete element method and computational fluid dynamic (DEM-CFD) model. Compared with other models, it can track the free surface and is closer to the actual situation. The analysis results were compared with the experimental results. The comparative results showed that the numerical analysis results were close to the experimental results, and the numerical analysis method was reasonable. For different stages of jigging, the stratification process and force of jigging particles were studied. According to the analysis results, the fluid plays different roles in different stages of particle movement. In the rising process, light particles were greatly affected by the fluid force, the time of this stage is important to stratification. The particle movement trajectory and stratification speed under different intake times was discussed, and it is concluded that intake time more than 18% of jigging cycle is reasonable.
Metal-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit outstanding efficiencies when fabricated as mm-sized cells, but the fabrication of high-performing larger-area modules presents a challenge. ...Emerging evidence suggests the serious recombination reaction caused by the limited carrier lifetime is the bottleneck, because we lack effective strategy to deposit large-area perovskite film with sufficient long carrier lifetime. Herein, we report on a strategy of modulating the formation of perovskite film on larger-area substrates via introducing alkyl dithiol additives. Among the dithiols with different lengths, we find hexane-1,6-dithiol can effectively elongate carrier lifetime of perovskite film from 1.5 to 7.6 μs, which is due to the suppression of the formation of inactive PbI2 and hexagonal δH phase, along with the enlarged grain size. As a result, we improved the efficiency of solar cells (0.16 cm2) from 21.8% to 23.5%, as well as 16.9%–18.1% for the mini-modules (10.0 cm2). More importantly, the modified modules retained 92% of their initial efficiencies after 500-h aging under ambient condition without encapsulation (ISOS-D-1). This dithiol additive strategy shows great promise for pursuing high-performance PSCs.
In this work, the authors effectively elongate the carrier lifetime of perovskite film by introducing hexane-1,6-dithiol into the precursor; the efficiency of large-area modules is improved from 16.9% to 18.1% with active area of 10.0 cm2. Display omitted
•The carrier lifetime of perovskite film is elongated from 1.5 to 7.6 μs with the addition of the dithiol additive.•The grain size of the perovskite is enlarged after the introduction of the dithiol additive.•The efficiency of large-area (size: 5 cm × 5 cm) solar modules has been improved from 16.9% to 18.1%.
ABSTRACT
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely used antineoplastic agent that can cause heart failure. Dox cardiotoxicity is closely associated with mitochondrial damage. Mitochondrial fission and mitophagy ...are quality control mechanisms that normally help maintain a pool of healthy mitochondria. However, unchecked mitochondrial fission and mitophagy may compromise the viability of cardiomyocytes, predisposing them to cell death. Here, we tested this possibility by using Dox‐treated H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells expressing either the mitochondria‐targeted fluorescent protein MitoDsRed or the novel dual‐fluorescent mitophagy reporter mt‐Rosella. Dox induced mitochondrial fragmentation as shown by reduced form factor, aspect ratio, and mean mitochondrial size. This effect was abolished by short interference RNA–mediated knockdown of dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1), a major regulator of fission. Importantly, DRP1 knockdown decreased cell death as indicated by the reduced number of propidium iodide‐positive cells and the cleavage of caspase‐3 and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase. Moreover, DRP1‐deficient mice were protected from Dox‐induced cardiac damage, strongly supporting a role for DRP1‐dependent mitochondrial fragmentation in Dox cardiotoxicity. In addition, Dox accelerated mitophagy flux, which was attenuated by DRP1 knockdown, as assessed by the mitophagy reporter mt‐Rosella, suggesting the necessity of mitochondrial fragmentation in Dox‐induced mitophagy. Knockdown of parkin, a positive regulator of mitophagy, dramatically diminished Dox‐induced cell death, whereas overexpression of parkin had the opposite effect. Together, these results suggested that Dox cardiotoxicity was mediated, at least in part, by the increased mitochondrial fragmentation and accelerated mitochondrial degradation by the lysosome. Strategies that limit mitochondrial fission and mitophagy in the physiologic range may help reduce Dox cardiotoxicity.—Catanzaro, M. P., Weiner, A., Kaminaris, A., Li, C., Cai, F., Zhao, F., Kobayashi, S., Kobayashi, T., Huang, Y., Sesaki, H., Liang, Q. Doxorubicin‐induced cardiomyocyte death is mediated by unchecked mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. FASEB J. 33, 11096–11108 (2019). www.fasebj.org
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•Photo-redox dual reaction for H2-evolution integrated with biomass conversion.•A novel bifunctional honeycomb hierarchical structured 3D/3D ReS2/ZnIn2S4-Sv.•Nanoengineering and ...electronic modulation of ZnIn2S4 are employed.•Superior H2 and furfural yields of 1.08 and 0.71 mmol·g−1·h−1, respectively.•Efficient strategy to convert biomass materials into high value-added products.
Photo-redox dual reaction system is an emerging strategy for H2-evolution integrated with biomass conversion, which exhibits promise to overcome sluggish water oxidation during overall water splitting. Constructing efficient catalytic materials with strong sunlight response and rapid optoelectronic dynamics remains a significant challenge. Herein, we design and fabricate a novel bifunctional honeycomb hierarchical structured 3D/3D ReS2/ZnIn2S4-Sv heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic H2-evolution coupled with high value-added biomass conversion, in which Sv can be created in situ under NH2OH·HCl-assisted hydrothermal condition. The nanoengineering and electronic modulation of ZnIn2S4 by ReS2 and Sv enable its large specific surface area, rapid charge separation, and suppressed carrier recombination, which is beneficial for photocatalytic reactions. As a result, the optimized 20 % ReS2/ZnIn2S4-Sv exhibits superior H2 and furfural generation rates of 1.08 and 0.71 mmol·g−1·h−1, respectively. This work highlights an efficient photocatalyst and a new strategy for this bifunctional photocatalytic system of H2-evolution integrated with biomass conversion.
Inaccuracy localization and intrinsic radioresistance of solid tumors seriously hindered the clinical implementation of radiotherapy. In this study, we fabricated hyaluronic acid-functionalized ...gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (HA-Gd
2
O
3
NPs) via one-pot hydrothermal process for effective magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and radiosensitization of tumors. By virtue of HA functionalization, the as-prepared HA-Gd
2
O
3
NPs with a diameter of 105 nm showed favorable dispersibility in water, low cytotoxicity, and excellent biocompatibility and readily entered into the cytoplasm of cancer cells by HA receptor-mediated endocytosis. Importantly, HA-Gd
2
O
3
NPs exhibited high longitudinal relaxivity (
r
1
) 6.0 mM
−1
S
−1
as MRI contrast agents and radiosensitization enhancement in a dose-dependent manner. These finds demonstrated that as-synthesized HA-Gd
2
O
3
NPs as bifunctional theranostic agents have great potential in tumors diagnosis and radiotherapy.
The inhibitory effects of 30 dietary flavonoids on dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) were investigated to illustrate their quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) and further explore their ...inhibition at the cellular level. Results of in vitro experiment show that isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (IC50, 6.53 ± 0.280 μM) had the strongest inhibition followed by cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (IC50, 8.26 ± 0.143 μM) and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (IC50, 8.57 ± 0.422 μM). A 3D QSAR model comparative molecular field analysis, q 2 = 0.502, optimum number of components (ONC) = 3, R 2 = 0.983, F = 404.378, standard error of estimation (SEE) = 0.070, and two descriptors; comparative similarity index analysis, q 2 = 0.580, ONC = 10, R 2 = 0.999, F = 1617.594, SEE = 0.022, and four descriptors indicates that the DPP-IV inhibition of flavonoid was facilitated by crucial structural factors. Position 3 of ring C favored bulky, hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrophilic and electron-donating substituents. The presence of minor and electron-withdrawing groups at position 4′ of ring B and positions 5 and 7 of ring A could improve DPP-IV inhibition. Moreover, the three flavonoids mentioned above could effectively suppress DPP-IV activity and expression in Caco-2 cells. This work may supply new insights into dietary flavonoids as DPP-IV inhibitors for controlling blood glucose.
Based on panel data from 2010 to 2019, this study examines the relationship between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development at the provincial level in China. ...Using the gray correlation analysis method of panel data and an evaluation index system of high‐quality economic development, we calculate the gray correlation coefficient and decompose its time‐series gray correlation degree and cross‐sectional. Our findings indicate that the correlation between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development in China is generally stable during 2010–2019. However, Beijing stands out as an exception with a correlation coefficient of less than 0.5. Furthermore, there is regional gray correlation heterogeneity with the smallest correlation degree found in the eastern region and the largest in the northeast region. Based on our results, we propose three countermeasure suggestions: first, to balance national defense construction and economic construction; second, to optimize national defense science and technology strategy according to local conditions; and third, to effectively utilize industrial structure advantages. In summary, our study contributes to the literature by highlighting the relationship between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development in China. Our findings provide implications for policymakers and practitioners to make informed decisions in achieving sustainable and high‐quality economic development.
The state-of-the-art alkaline hydrogen evolution catalyst of united ruthenium single atoms and small ruthenium nanoparticles has sparked considerable research interest. However, it remains a serious ...problem that hydrogen evolution primarily proceeds on the less active ruthenium single atoms instead of the more efficient small ruthenium nanoparticles in the catalyst, hence largely falling short of its full activity potential. Here, we report that by combining highly oxophilic cerium single atoms and fully-exposed ruthenium nanoclusters on a nitrogen functionalized carbon support, the alkaline hydrogen evolution centers are facilely reversed to the more active ruthenium nanoclusters driven by the strong oxophilicity of cerium, which significantly improves the hydrogen evolution activity of the catalyst with its mass activity up to -10.1 A mg
at -0.05 V. This finding is expected to shed new light on developing more efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution catalyst by rational regulation of the active centers for hydrogen evolution.
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