Composite membranes were fabricated with polyethersulfone as a microporous substrate and polyether block amide (PEBA) as a selective layer to achieve efficient recovery of volatile organic compounds ...(VOCs). Fumed silica was mixed into PEBA for modification. The top thin layers with different percentage of fumed silica in PEBA were prepared by spin-coating. Structure and performance of membranes with and without a modification were characterized. The results showed that fumed silica in an ultra-thin selective layer significantly influenced the hydrophobicity of the membranes. The higher the content of fumed silica, the higher the hydrophobicity of the membranes was. The maximum content of added fumed silica was 0.6 wt%. When the proportion of fumed silica reached 0.6 wt%, the contact angle could reach 95.8°, which was 56% higher than that of the unmodified one. The structure of the membrane remained unchanged. Moreover, the separation performance was evaluated by removing VOCs from a mixture of oil vapor and nitrogen. The VOCs permeance tended to grow with an increase in the content of fumed silica. When the content was 0.6 wt%, the membrane exhibited better comprehensive performance. Its vapor flux rate was 117.8 ml/min, which was 153% higher than that without a modification. Its separation coefficients for ethane, propane, cyclopropane, isobutane and n-butane were 29.3, 29.9, 24.9, 30.7, and 34.0 respectively.
The use of gold nanoparticles as radiosensitizers is an effective way to boost the killing efficacy of radiotherapy while drastically limiting the received dose and reducing the possible damage to ...normal tissues. Herein, we designed aggregation‐induced emission gold clustoluminogens (AIE‐Au) to achieve efficient low‐dose X‐ray‐induced photodynamic therapy (X‐PDT) with negligible side effects. The aggregates of glutathione‐protected gold clusters (GCs) assembled through a cationic polymer enhanced the X‐ray‐excited luminescence by 5.2‐fold. Under low‐dose X‐ray irradiation, AIE‐Au strongly absorbed X‐rays and efficiently generated hydroxyl radicals, which enhanced the radiotherapy effect. Additionally, X‐ray‐induced luminescence excited the conjugated photosensitizers, resulting in a PDT effect. The in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that AIE‐Au effectively triggered the generation of reactive oxygen species with an order‐of‐magnitude reduction in the X‐ray dose, enabling highly effective cancer treatment.
Cancer‐killing clusters: Aggregation‐induced emission gold clustoluminogens (AIE‐Au) for X‐ray‐induced photodynamic therapy (X‐PDT) were designed. Under low‐dose X‐ray irradiation, AIE‐Au strongly absorbed X‐rays and efficiently generated hydroxyl radicals, which enhanced the radiotherapy effect. Additionally, AIE‐AuX‐ray‐induced luminescence excited the conjugated photosensitizers, resulting in a PDT effect.
► The levels of proline and GABA increased during the chilling development in loquat fruit. ► MeJA regulated enzymes involved in proline and GABA metabolism in loquat fruit. ► MeJA alleviated ...chilling in loquat fruit due to the increased proline and GABA partly.
Loquat fruit were pretreated with 10μmoll−1 methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for 24h at 20°C and then stored at 1°C for 35days to investigate the effect of MeJA treatment on chilling injury (CI) and changes in the contents of proline and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The control fruit exhibited severe flesh leatheriness, a specific CI symptom, after 21days of storage at 1°C, but it was reduced in MeJA-treated fruit. During the development of CI in fruit, proline and GABA accumulated with the storage time, while MeJA treatment enhanced the increases in proline and GABA contents. The MeJA-treated fruit exhibited higher activities of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), ornithine δ-aminotransferase (OAT) and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), and lower proline dehydrogenase (PDH) activity than control during storage. These results suggest that the reduction in CI in loquat fruit by MeJA may be due to the increased proline and GABA contents.
► Chilling resistance of loquat fruit differed from the cultivars. ► ‘Qingzhong’ fruit manifested higher membrane lipid unsaturation. ► The resistant cultivar showed higher activities of antioxidant ...enzymes. ► Loquat chilling resistance was due to lipid unsaturation and antioxidant system.
Two cultivars of loquat fruit with contrasting chilling resistance were stored at 1
°C for 35
days to investigate the relationship between chilling injury and fatty acid composition and its antioxidant system. No symptoms of chilling injury occurred in the fruit of ‘Qingzhong’ cultivar during the whole storage, whereas in ‘Fuyang’ fruit, chilling injury increased sharply after 21
days of storage at 1
°C. ‘Qingzhong’ fruit had lower levels of superoxide radical and H
2O
2, in addition to lower lipoxygenase activity, but higher membrane lipid unsaturation and higher activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase than ‘Fuyang’. Furthermore, the chilling resistant ‘Qingzhong’ fruit also showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes involved in ascorbate–glutathione cycle and higher levels of ascorbate acid and reduced glutathione. These results suggest that the higher membrane lipid unsaturation and the more efficient antioxidant system were both beneficial in enhancing resistance of loquat fruit to chilling injury.
► GABA treatment inhibited chilling injury development in cold-stored peach fruit. ► GABA treatment induced higher activities of antioxidant enzymes. ► GABA-treated fruit showed higher ATP content ...and energy charge. ► Chilling tolerance was induced by GABA in peaches, due to increased ATP content and antioxidant system.
Peach fruit were immersed in 5mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) solution for 10min at 20°C and then stored at 1°C for 5weeks to investigate the effect of GABA treatment on chilling injury (CI), antioxidant enzymes and energy status in peach fruit. The results showed that GABA treatment significantly inhibited CI incidence of peaches and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase. The treatment also increased contents of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate, but lowered adenosine monophosphate content, which resulted in a higher level of energy charge in treated fruit. These results indicated that GABA increased chilling tolerance of peach fruit through enhancing its enzymatic antioxidant system and maintaining energy status in peach fruit.
Melatonin, a versatile hormone produced by the pineal gland, has garnered considerable scientific interest due to its diverse functions. In the eye, melatonin regulates a variety of key processes ...like inhibiting angiogenesis by reducing vascular endothelial growth factor levels and protecting the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) integrity by enhancing tight junction proteins and pericyte coverage. Melatonin also maintains cell health by modulating autophagy via the Sirt1/mTOR pathways, reduces inflammation, promotes antioxidant enzyme activity, and regulates intraocular pressure fluctuations. Additionally, melatonin protects retinal ganglion cells by modulating aging and inflammatory pathways. Understanding melatonin's multifaceted functions in ocular health could expand the knowledge of ocular pathogenesis, and shed new light on therapeutic approaches in ocular diseases. In this review, we summarize the current evidence of ocular functions and therapeutic potential of melatonin and describe its roles in angiogenesis, BRB integrity maintenance, and modulation of various eye diseases, which leads to a conclusion that melatonin holds promising treatment potential for a wide range of ocular health conditions.
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▶ The levels of AsA and GSH decreased during the chilling development in cold-stored loquat fruit. ▶ MeJA regulated enzymes involved in the ascorbate and glutathione metabolism in loquat fruit. ▶ ...MeJA treatment alleviated chilling symptoms in loquat fruit due to the increased AsA and GSH.
This study investigated the regulation of ascorbate acid (AsA) and glutathione metabolism and chilling tolerance by methyl jamonate (MeJA) in loquat fruit. The results showed that application of MeJA to loquat fruit inhibited the incidence of chilling injury manifested as internal browning (IB) and increased AsA and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents due to the inhibition of ascorbate oxidase activity and enhancement of monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase activities. Meanwhile, MeJA also enhanced activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase. Our results suggested that MeJA can regulate the ascorbate and glutathione metabolism and has important roles in alleviating oxidative damage and enhancing chilling tolerance in loquat fruit.
In this paper, a facile synthesis of water‐resistant CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite microspheres (CsPbBr3@PMMA) is reported. The method is ...based on the precipitation polymerization of methyl methacrylate in hexane in the presence of CsPbBr3 PQDs and stabilizer. The CsPbBr3@PMMA microspheres show a tunable size and a narrow size distribution, with the CsPbBr3 PQDs being uniformly dispersed in the PMMA microspheres. The effective incorporation of PQDs is attributed to the strong coordination interactions between Pb ions on the surface of PQDs and carbonyl groups (CO) from PMMA. Based on this mechanism, multicolor composite microspheres can be easily prepared through absorbing CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) PQDs into blank PMMA microspheres. Protected by the PMMA microspheres, the imbedded CsPbBr3 PQDs show improved water resistance and storage stability. Further, a wide‐color‐gamut (129%) white light‐emitting diode (LED) is demonstrated by combining the green‐emitting CsPbBr3@PMMA composite microspheres and red‐emitting K2SiF6: Mn4+ with a blue LED, which enables to be used as backlights for liquid crystal displays.
CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs)‐loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) composite microspheres are easily prepared through in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of quantum dots in hexane. This method is very facile and the CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs are evenly incorporated into the microspheres. Protected by the microsphere, the water and storage stability of CsPbBr3 quantum dots are greatly improved.
•‘Qingzhong’ fruit experienced stronger disease resistance than ‘Fuyang’.•‘Qingzhong’ fruit showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes.•The resistant cultivar manifested higher contents of ...linolenic and linoleic acids.•Loquat disease resistance was due to antioxidant system and unsaturated fatty acids.
Two cultivars of loquat fruit were stored at 20°C for 10days to investigate the relationship between disease resistance, and fatty acid composition and activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that decay incidence increased with storage time in both cultivars. A significantly lower disease incidence was observed in ‘Qingzhong’ fruit than in ‘Fuyang’, suggesting ‘Qingzhong’ had increased disease resistance. Meanwhile, ‘Qingzhong’ fruit also had lower levels of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, and lower lipoxygenase activity, but higher levels of linolenic and linoleic acids and higher activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) compared with ‘Fuyang’. These results suggest that the higher levels of linolenic and linoleic acids and the higher activity of CAT and APX have a role in disease resistance of postharvest loquat fruit.
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