Anesthesia Case of the Month Chohan, Amandeep S; Campbell, Bonnie G; Martin, Linda G
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,
06/2022, Letnik:
260, Številka:
9
Journal Article
This article examines the reform of regulatory frameworks that has taken place in Africa over the last twenty years in light of the findings of a research project on the negotiation of mining regimes ...in Canada. The argument is that certain elements of the free mining doctrine that animated the nineteenth-century formulation of mining regimes in North America can be seen as having guided the liberalization process of African mining regimes during the 1980s and 1990s. One of the ways this came about was through the strong retrenchment of state authority. In turn, this contributed to the institutionalization of asymmetrical relations of power and influence with important consequences for local political processes, local participation, and community welfare.
L'article considère l'étude de l'appropriation des ressources naturelles et des territoires dans une perspective d'économie politique internationale hétérodoxe à partir d'une double synthèse: d'une ...part, celle de l'évolution des cadres règlementaires miniers en Afrique et, d'autre part, celle de l'héritage normatif du free mining au Canada. La notion de pouvoir structurel met en lumière comment certaines normes - qui structurèrent les formes institutionnelles antérieures - pèsent sur l'évolution des processus de reconfiguration des institutions au Canada et en Afrique. Cette perspective permet de mieux comprendre comment ces normes reproduisent, à travers le temps, les rapports de pouvoir asymétriques entre les acteurs impliqués au sein des nouveaux régimes miniers.
To determine long-term outcomes and factors associated with those outcomes in dogs with gastroesophageal intussusception (GEI).
36 dogs with GEI evaluated at 16 veterinary hospitals from January 2000 ...through January 2018.
Medical records of included dogs were reviewed to collect information regarding signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings, blood work and diagnostic imaging results, surgical findings, and outcome. Factors were evaluated for associations with various outcomes.
Median age of dogs with GEI was 13.2 months, and males (72% 26/36) and German Shepherd Dogs (33% 12/36) were most common. Vomiting (67% 24/36) and regurgitation (33% 12/36) were the most common clinical signs. Ten of 36 (28%) dogs were euthanized without treatment, and 26 (72%) underwent treatment (25 surgically and 1 endoscopically). Twenty-three of the 26 (88%) treated dogs survived to discharge; median survival time was 995 days. At last follow-up, 15 of the 23 (65%) surviving dogs remained alive and 8 (35%) had died for reasons related to persistent regurgitation (n = 6) or reasons unrelated to GEI (2). Of the 10 dogs for which owners were contacted, 7 had persistent regurgitation, the severity of which was reduced through managed feedings. Dogs with acute (≤ 7 days) clinical signs or a previous diagnosis of megaesophagus were more likely to have persistent regurgitation than were dogs without these factors.
Treatment should be considered for dogs with GEI given the high rate of survival to discharge and median survival time. Although persistent regurgitation was common after treatment, a satisfactory outcome was possible with medical management, including managed feedings and medications.
Lung lobe torsion in dogs: 52 cases (2005–2017) Park, Karen M.; Grimes, Janet A.; Wallace, Mandy L. ...
Veterinary surgery,
November 2018, 2018-Nov, 2018-11-00, 20181101, Letnik:
47, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Objective
To report outcomes and risk factors for mortality in dogs that underwent surgical management of lung lobe torsion.
Study design
Retrospective case series from 5 veterinary teaching ...hospitals (2005–2017).
Animals
Fifty dogs with 52 instances of lung lobe torsion.
Methods
Data collected from medical records included signalment, clinical findings, results of clinicopathologic testing and diagnostic imaging, surgical treatment, lung lobe affected, intraoperative and postoperative complications, histopathologic and microbiologic findings, and outcome. Follow‐up was obtained from medical records and telephone contact with primary care veterinarians.
Results
Fifty‐two instances of lung lobe torsion were identified in 50 dogs, with a median follow‐up of 453 days (range, 0–3075). Forty‐six (92%) dogs survived to discharge. Dogs with concurrent torsion of the right cranial and middle lung lobes were less likely to survive (2/4) than those with torsion of the left cranial lung lobe (22/22). No other risk factors for mortality prior to hospital discharge were identified. Overall median survival time after hospital discharge was 1369 days. Four dogs had >1 episode of lung lobe torsion.
Conclusion
The percentage of dogs surviving to discharge after surgical treatment of lung lobe torsion was higher than previously reported. The short‐ and long‐term prognosis was excellent with surgical treatment of lung lobe torsion.
Clinical significance
Surgery should be recommended when lung lobe torsion is suspected because of the high survival to discharge rate and excellent long‐term prognosis.
Objective
To compare airway leak pressures after sealing peripheral lung biopsy sites with a resorbable ligation device (LigaTie) or thoracoabdominal (TA) staples.
Study design
Ex vivo study.
Animals
...Four normal caprine cadavers.
Methods
Twelve lung lobes were harvested from 4 goats immediately after euthanasia. Each lobe was inflated to 20 cm H2O to test for leaks prior to biopsy. Pressure was then maintained at 10 cm H2O. Biopsy samples were obtained 3 cm from the periphery with a resorbable ligation device or a TA stapler (n = 6 per group). After biopsy, inflation pressure was slowly increased to 40 cm H2O while lungs were submerged in water. The pressure at which bubbles were first seen was recorded as the airway leak pressure. The length, width, volume, and weight were recorded for each biopsy sample.
Results
Five of 6 LigaTie biopsy sites sustained the maximum pressure of 40 cm H2O without leaking. One site leaked at 24 cm H2O. The TA‐stapled sites sustained airway pressure to median 25.5 cm H2O (interquartile range, 23.5–26 cm H2O), and none of them reached the maximum pressure (P = .015). There were no differences in biopsy length, volume, or weight between groups.
Conclusion
Biopsy sites sealed with LigaTie withstood higher airway pressure without leaking compared with TA‐stapled biopsy sites in normal cadaveric specimens.
Clinical significance
The LigaTie may be an alternative technique for sealing peripheral lung biopsy sites.
Power asymmetries offer a lens for understanding the reshaping of corporate strategies in the mining sector during the pandemic. Using a heterodox international political economy perspective, the ...first section of the article argues that regulatory frameworks are both the expression of structural power relations and a key instrument contributing to their reproduction. The second illustrates this by focusing on companies' attempts to renegotiate fiscal concessions and keep mines open during the pandemic. The third examines how corporate actors have become directly involved in the delivery of health services and longer-term implications of such involvement. The conclusion identifies further research areas. Keywords: corporate influence, health, mining, pandemic, power.
