Fairbairn and “emptiness pathology” Basili, Rubén M.; de Basili, Isabel Sharpin; Besuschio, Adrian ...
Fairbairn and the Object Relations Tradition,
2014
Book Chapter
"Emptiness pathology" is the psychopathological and clinical expression of the schizoid condition and borderline pathology. The schizoid condition and "emptiness pathology" appear linked in schizoid ...personalities, schizoid psychopathy, in some schizotypal personalities with preserved reality testing, in some acute psychoses, and in some chronic psychoses with few or no delusions or hallucinations. In other schizotypal personalities with loss of reality judgment and in chronic schizoaffective disorder with few delusions and hallucinations, the symptoms of emptiness tend to be marked. In W. F. D. Fairbairn's model, "emptiness pathology" originates in schizoid conflict and primary and secondary identifications. In "emptiness pathology", the child relates to an empty breast, which leads him to relate to an empty mother; however, although they are empty, they are still useful because they protect the child from object loss and abandonment. Since they are transitional objects, the analyst may acquire these qualities through identifications with the breast and with the mother.
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss and one of the main causes of neurological disability. Despite this, no universal screening programme ...for cCMV has been implemented in Spain. A recent study has shown that early treatment with valaciclovir, initiated in the first trimester and before the onset of signs in the fetus, reduces the risk of fetal infection. This finding favours the implementation of a universal screening programme for cCMV.The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a universal screening programme for cCMV during the first trimester of pregnancy in a primary care setting.
This is an observational multicentre cohort study. The study will be conducted in four primary care settings from the Northern Metropolitan Barcelona area and three related hospitals and will last 3 years and will consist of a recruitment period of 18 months.In their first pregnancy visit, pregnant women will be offered to add a CMV serology test to the first trimester screening tests. Pregnant women with primary infection will be referred to the reference hospital, where they will continue treatment and follow-up according to the clinical protocol of the referral hospital, which includes treatment with valacyclovir. A CMV-PCR will be performed at birth on newborns of mothers with primary infection, and those who are infected will undergo neonatal follow-up for at least 12 months of life.For the analysis, the acceptance rate, the prevalence of primary CMV infections and the CMV seroprevalence in the first trimester of pregnancy will be studied.
Ethical approval was obtained from the University Institute Foundation for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina Ethics Committee 22/097-P dated 27 April 2022.
The shaping of a calix7arene macrocycle into cone‐like structure 3, through exhaustive alkylation of doubly bridged calix7arene derivative 2 with bulky groups, has been investigated. Conformational ...details about the structure adopted by calix7arene derivative 3 in solution have been obtained by using chemical shift surface maps, as previously reported by our group. Thus, chemical shift contour plots indicated that 3 adopted a cone‐shaped structure in solution analogous to that adopted by the known p‐tert‐butylcalix7arene heptacarboxylic acid derivative 4. Interestingly, the X‐ray structure of derivative 3 showed a high degree of similarity to the theoretical structure, which confirmed the validity of the contour plots method. The preorganized calix7arene host 3 showed interesting recognition abilities toward both organic and alkali cations. In fact, an unprecedented endo‐cavity complexation of linear and branched alkyl ammonium cations with a larger calix7arene host was evidenced. A comparable affinity for branched tBuNH3+ and linear nBuNH3+ guests was observed.
Pursuing the weak: The first example of a completely rigidified calix7arene derivative (see figure) shows interesting recognition abilities toward cationic guests. In particular, an endo‐calix complexation of alkylammonium guests was observed when they are coupled to the “superweak” tetrakis3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylborate anion.
In this study the modulation of the pharmacological profile from agonist to antagonist was successfully obtained by replacing the methyl group in position 6 of the 1,4-dioxane scaffold of the potent ...M2/M3 muscarinic agonist 1 with bulkier groups. In particular, the 6,6-diphenyl substitution provided the potent M3 preferring antagonist (±)-17, which in in vivo study proved to be effective in reducing the volume-induced contractions of rat urinary bladder and was devoid of cardiovascular effects.
New copper(I) complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of CuCl, monodentate tertiary phosphines and lithium bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)dithioacetate, LiLCS
2. Mono-nuclear complexes of the ...type LCS
2CuPR
3 have been obtained with the exception of the complex LCS
2CuP(CH
2OH)
3
2, where two phosphane co-ligands are coordinated to the copper(I) centre. The solid-state X-ray crystal structure of LCS
2CuP(C
6H
5)
3 has been determined. The complex has a pseudo tetrahedral copper site where the bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)dithioacetate ligand acts as a κ
3-
N,
N,
S donor.
Copper(I) complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of CuCl, monodentate tertiary phosphines PR
3 (PR
3
=
P(C
6H
5)
3; P(C
6H
5)
2(4-C
6H
4COOH); P(C
6H
5)
2(2-C
6H
4COOH); PTA, 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane; P(CH
2OH)
3, tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine) and lithium bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)dithioacetate, LiLCS
2. Mono-nuclear complexes of the type LCS
2CuPR
3 have been obtained and characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, ESI-MS and multinuclear (
1H,
13C and
31P) NMR spectral data; in these complexes the ligand behaves as a κ
3-
N,
N,
S scorpionate system. One exception to this stoichiometry was observed in the complex LCS
2CuP(CH
2OH)
3
2, where two phosphine co-ligands are coordinated to the copper(I) centre. The solid-state X-ray crystal structure of LCS
2CuP(C
6H
5)
3 has been determined. The LCS
2CuP(C
6H
5)
3 complex has a pseudo tetrahedral copper site where the bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)dithioacetate ligand acts as a κ
3-
N,
N,
S donor.
