Abstract
Accumulating researches have confirmed that circRNA abnormal expression plays a prominent role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of circ_0000218 in CRC and its ...potential mechanism are not clear. In this study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to measure the circ_0000218, miR-139-3p and RAB1A mRNA expression in CRC tissues and cells. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were conducted to determine the RAB1A expression in CRC tissues and cells, respectively. Colony formation assay and BrdU method were employed to monitor the effect of circ_0000218 on cell proliferation. Transwell assay was adopted to detect cell migration and invasion. Dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were adopted to confirm the targeting relationship between circ_0000218 and miR-139-3p, miR-139-3p and RAB1A. We demonstrated that circ_0000218 was notably upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and its high expression level was markedly linked to the increase of T staging and local lymph node metastasis. Circ_0000218 overexpression enhanced the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells while knocking down circ_0000218 caused the opposite effects. We also observed that miR-139-3p was negatively regulated by circ_0000218, while RAB1A was positively regulated by it. Collectively, this study suggested that circ_0000218 upregulated RAB1A and promoted CRC proliferation and metastasis via sponging miR-139-3p.
Background
Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) XIST is one of the genes that exists in different types of cancers. Earlier researches showed that XIST can advance the progression of colorectal cancer. ...Nevertheless, the potential molecular mechanism of XIST in combination with miR‐93‐5p has not been explored in colorectal cancer.
Methods
We performed qRT‐PCR to explore the level of XIST. And a serious experiments in vitro and in vivo were performed to explore the function of XIST. The relationship between XIST/HIF‐1A and miR‐93‐5p was confirmed by RIP and dual‐luciferase assays.
Results
In the present research, our team demonstrated the upregulation of XIST expression, which was related to tumor progression, and the downregulation of miR‐93‐5p in cells and tissues of colorectal cancer. XIST is the competitive endogenous RNA of miR‐93‐5p to promote HIF‐1A, and then the upregulated AXL level facilitates the EMT process, migration, and proliferation of colorectal cancer. At last, we proved that XIST enhanced the in vivo and in vitro activities of colorectal cancer by regulating AXL signaling.
Conclusion
In summary, the above results indicate that XIST promotes colorectal cancer tumorigenesis by regulating miR‐93‐5p/HIF‐1A/AXL signaling pathway, which will supply a novel perspective to diagnose and treat colorectal cancer disease.
Increasing evidence suggest that lncRNA expression alterations have a vital impact in the process of biological process in cancer. However, the role of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer remains largely to be explored. Here, we report that XIST promotes colorectal cancer tumorigenesis by regulating miR‐93‐5p/HIF‐1A/AXL signaling pathway.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is now the most widespread global chronic liver disease, affecting over 30% of adults.MASLD has effects beyond adverse liver outcomes, ...affecting cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and various extrahepatic cancers.The economic burden of MASLD is substantial, exceeding $100 billion in the USA alone, with liver transplantation being a significant contributor to healthcare costs.Regional variations in MASLD prevalence occur with the highest rates in Latin America and the Middle East, highlighting the need for culturally tailored interventions and a comprehensive global effort.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease globally, affecting more than a third of the world's adult population. This comprehensive narrative review summarizes the global incidence and prevalence rates of MASLD and its related adverse hepatic and extrahepatic outcomes. We also discuss the substantial economic burden of MASLD on healthcare systems, thus further highlighting the urgent need for global efforts to tackle this common and burdensome liver condition. We emphasize the clinical relevance of early interventions and a holistic approach that includes public health strategies to reduce the global impact of MASLD.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease globally, affecting more than a third of the world's adult population. This comprehensive narrative review summarizes the global incidence and prevalence rates of MASLD and its related adverse hepatic and extrahepatic outcomes. We also discuss the substantial economic burden of MASLD on healthcare systems, thus further highlighting the urgent need for global efforts to tackle this common and burdensome liver condition. We emphasize the clinical relevance of early interventions and a holistic approach that includes public health strategies to reduce the global impact of MASLD.
Long non-coding RNA testis-specific transcript, Y-linked 15 (TTTY15) is oncogenic in prostate cancer, however its expression and function in colorectal cancer remain largely unknown.
Paired ...colorectal cancer samples/normal tissues were collected, and the expression levels of TTTY15, miR-29a-3p and disheveled segment polarity protein 3 (DVL3) were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); TTTY15 shRNA and overexpression plasmids were transfected into HT29 and HCT-116 cell lines using lipofectamine reagent, respectively; the proliferation and colony formation were detected by CCK-8 assay and plate colony formation assay; qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the changes of miR-29a-3p and DVL3; dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the regulatory relationships between miR-29a-3p and TTTY15, miR-29a-3p and DVL3.
TTTY15 was significantly up-regulated in cancerous tissues of colorectal cancer samples, positively correlated with the expression of DVL3, while negatively correlated with the expression of miR-29a-3p. After TTTY15 shRNAs were transfected into colorectal cancer cells, the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells were significantly inhibited, while TTTY15 overexpression had opposite biological effects. TTTY15 shRNA could reduce the expression of DVL3 on both mRNA and protein levels, and the luciferase activity of TTTY15 sequence was also inhibited by miR-29a-3p. DVL3 was also validated as a target gene of miR-29a-3p, and it could be repressed by miR-29a-3p mimics or TTTY15 shRNA.
TTTY15 is abnormally upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues, and it can modulate the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. It functions as the ceRNA to regulate the expression of DVL3 by sponging miR-29a-3p.
Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TiO
NTAs) have attracted much interest due to their unique highly ordered array structure, outstanding properties, and potential applications in ...photo/photoelectrocatalytic degradation of pollutants, hydrogen production, supercapacitors, dye-sensitized solar cells, sensors, and biomedical devices. It has been fabricated via a facile electrochemical anodic oxidation of Ti substrate in fluoride-containing electrolytes. Combined with our previous work, we comprehensively review the recent progress of TiO
TNAs on the synthesis processes, forming mechanism, and modification used to improve the photoelectric properties. In addition, this article summarizes some of the recent advances on the photo/photoelectrocatalytic degradation of pollutants. Besides, other applications and the future development of TiO
TNAs are also briefly discussed and addressed.
A hierarchical S/MWCNT nanomicrosphere for lithium/sulfur batteries with a high power and energy density as well as an excellent cycle life is introduced. Sulfur was uniformly coated on the surface ...of functional MWCNTs, which serves as a carbon matrix, to form a typical nanoscale core-shell structure with a sulfur layer of thickness 10-20 nm. Then the nanoscale sulfur intermediate composite was ball-milled to form interwoven and porous sphere architecture with large pores (around 1 μm to 5 μm). Different from most sulfur/carbon materials with micropore and mesopore structure, the micrometre scale S/MWCNT nanomicrosphere with a large pore structure could also exhibit high sulfur utilization and cycle retention. It could maintain a reversible capacity of 1000 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.3 A g(-1) current density. And it even remained 780 mA h g(-1) after 200 cycles at 0.5 A g(-1) and 650 mA h g(-1) after 200 cycles at 1 A g(-1), showing a significant cyclability enhancement. It is believed that under the collective effect of hierarchical architecture, as well as the existence of carboxyl functional groups, sulfur/carbon materials with large pores could also exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance. The synthesis process introduced here is simple and broadly applicable, which would not only be beneficial to design new materials for lithium sulfur batteries but can also be extended to many different electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.
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•Succinylation of OPI could decrease zeta potential and increase molecular weight.•Acetylation and succinylation could significantly affected H0 of OPI.•Succinylation led to ...remarkable increase in the molecular weight of OPI.•Acylation could result in the transformation of β-sheet to α-helix and random coil.•OPI had less compact tertiary conformation by acylation, especially succinylation.
The effects of acetylation and succinylation on physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of oat protein isolate (OPI) were investigated. The degree of N-acylation rapidly increased prior to O-acylation, due to higher reactivity of ε-amino groups than hydroxyl groups. The acylation was able to decrease zeta potential of OPI at neutral pH, and succinylated OPI had lower zeta potential than acetylated OPI. The surface hydrophobicity (H0) of OPI was changed significantly by acylation treatment, which varied with the type and level of applied anhydrides. The succinylation led to a remarkable increase in the molecular weight of OPI determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The secondary structure and tertiary conformation of proteins in the OPI was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy. The acylation could result in the transformation of β-sheet to α-helix and random coil, and less compact tertiary conformation, especially succinylation.
Vascular calcification often occurs in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), which significantly increases the incidence of cardiovascular events in CRF patients. Our previous studies identified ...the crosstalk between the endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the paracrine effect of VSMCs, which regulate the calcification of VSMCs. Herein, we aim to investigate the effects of exosomes secreted by high phosphorus (HPi) -induced adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) on the calcification of VSMCs and the underlying mechanism, which will further elucidate the important role of AFs in high phosphorus vascular wall microenvironment. The conditioned medium of HPi-induced AFs promotes the calcification of VSMCs, which is partially abrogated by GW4869, a blocker of exosomes biogenesis or release. Exosomes secreted by high phosphorus-induced AFs (AFs.sup.HPi-Exos) show similar effects on VSMCs. miR-21-5p is enriched in AFs.sup.HPi-Exos, and miR-21-5p enhances osteoblast-like differentiation of VSMCs by downregulating cysteine-rich motor neuron 1 (Crim1) expression. AFs.sup.HPi-Exos and exosomes secreted by AFs with overexpression of miR-21-5p (AFs.sup.miR21M-Exos) significantly accelerate vascular calcification in CRF mice. In general, AFs.sup.HPi-Exos promote the calcification of VSMCs and vascular calcification by delivering miR-21-5p to VSMCs and subsequently inhibiting the expression of Crim1. Combined with our previous studies, the present experiment supports the theory of vascular wall microenvironment.
Knowledge about the biogeography of organisms has long been a focus in ecological research, including the mechanisms that generate and maintain diversity. In this study, we targeted a microbial group ...relatively underrepresented in the microbial biogeographic literature, the soil Archaea. We surveyed the archaeal abundance and community composition using real-time quantitative PCR and T-RFLP approaches for 105 soil samples from 2 habitat types to identify the archaeal distribution patterns and factors driving these patterns. Results showed that the soil archaeal community was affected by spatial and environmental variables, and 79% and 51% of the community variation was explained in the non-flooded soil (NS) and flooded soil (FS) habitat, respectively, showing its possible biogeographic distribution. The diversity patterns of soil Archaea across the landscape were influenced by a combination of stochastic and deterministic processes. The contribution from neutral processes was higher than that from deterministic processes associated with environmental variables. The variables pH, sample depth and longitude played key roles in determining the archaeal distribution in the NS habitat, while sampling depth, longitude and NH4 (+)-N were most important in the FS habitat. Overall, there might be similar ecological drivers in the soil archaeal community as in macroorganism communities.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for various malignancies. However, DOX causes severe cardiotoxicity, which limits its clinical uses. Oxidative stress is one of ...major contributors to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. While autophagic flux serves as an important defense mechanism against oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes, recent studies have demonstrated that DOX induces the blockage of autophagic flux, which contributes to DOX cardiotoxicity. The present study investigated whether nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
, prevents DOX cardiotoxicity by improving autophagic flux. We report that administration of NR elevated NAD
levels, and reduced cardiac injury and myocardial dysfunction in DOX-injected mice. These protective effects of NR were recapitulated in cultured cardiomyocytes upon DOX treatment. Mechanistically, NR prevented the blockage of autophagic flux, accumulation of autolysosomes, and oxidative stress in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes, the effects of which were associated with restoration of lysosomal acidification. Furthermore, inhibition of lysosomal acidification or SIRT1 abrogated these protective effects of NR during DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Collectively, our study shows that NR enhances autolysosome clearance via the NAD
/SIRT1 signaling, thereby preventing DOX-triggered cardiotoxicity.
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