This chapter addresses learning and nonformal education in the course of organizing migrant and immigrant (im/migrant) temporary agency workers through the Immigrant Workers Centre (IWC) and the ...Temporary Agency Workers Association (TAWA) in Montreal. The IWC/TAWA organizing approach with agency workers is based on community organizing, activist knowledge production, popular education, and leadership development. Activist education work has helped to foster sustained organizing and campaigns against exploitation by temp agencies in Quebec. This has led to important gains like a recently adopted law that includes several provisions to regulate agencies. We build on critical ethnographic activist research, radical adult education literature concerning social movements, and apply Freire's concepts of limit situations and untested feasibility to TAWA/IWC organizing approaches. We argue that precarious work entails both vulnerability and resistance, and suggest that researchers should attend to the role of activist education, learning, and knowledge production to better understand social and economic justice struggles.
Justificación: la bibliografía sobre delitos sexuales en el periodo de dominación hispánica en América (1492-1821) es escasa, existiendo importantes vacíos historiográficos que dificultan la ...reconstrucción de un panorama general del proceso penal conducido en esa época, por lo que, investigar el peritaje conducido en los casos de violación es un primer paso para rastrear la evolución del tratamiento de esos casos en las instituciones judiciales. Objetivo: describir cómo se ejecutaba el peritaje forense en los casos de violación sucedidos en la Honduras previo a su independencia política de España. Metodología: se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo con un diseño exploratorio, utilizándose fuentes primarias que fueron seleccionadas mediante muestreo no probabilístico. Resultados: se logró identificar dos casos en los cuales se hizo recurso de peritos para confirmar una violación. En ambos las expertas tenían el oficio de partera, brindando declaraciones que reflejan una falta de preparación profesional y un conocimiento basado en la experiencia. Las declaraciones fueron transcritas conservándose la ortografía de la época y comentadas para ubicarlas en su contexto. Conclusión: en la Honduras de los años previos a la independencia se realizaba un peritaje forense en casos de violación basado en la experiencia laboral de los peritos y no en información científica o preparación académica, esto condujo a que los juicios de los expertos se vieran afectados por sus sesgos culturales.
The temperature dependence of the electronic states and energy gaps of semiconductors is an old but still important experimental and theoretical topic. Remarkably, extant results do not clarify the ...asymptotic T-->0 behavior. Recent breakthroughs in the spectroscopy of enriched 28Si allow us to measure changes in the band gap over the liquid 4He temperature range with an astounding precision of one part in 10(8), revealing a T4.0+/-0.2 decrease with increasing T. This is in excellent agreement with a theoretical argument predicting an exponent of 4. This power law should apply, in the low temperature limit, to the temperature dependence of the energies of all electronic states in semiconductors and insulators.
It was realized very soon after the discovery of high
T
c superconductors that Raman spectroscopy is an excellent technique for the investigation of low energy elementary excitations in these ...materials and also for their characterization. The primitive cell of high
T
c superconductors is usually centrosymmetric and contains a large number of atoms. This fact results in the existence of a large number of Raman-active (i.e., even) and also IR-active (odd) phonons. Although inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed, most of the experimental knowledge available for high
T
c superconductors originates from their Raman as well as IR spectra. Raman scattering can also be used to investigate low frequency electronic excitations. It was one of the first spectroscopic techniques that revealed the existence of a gap for electronic excitations in high
T
c superconductors. Soon after, it was realized that gaps observed in the electronic Raman spectra exhibit different features depending on the symmetry of the configuration used for the scattering experiments. Of particular interest is the behavior of the scattering efficiency when the Raman shift tends to zero. The electronic excitations responsible for the observed Raman gap couple noticeably to some of the Raman active phonons, a fact that results in changes in phonon self-energies and spectral strengths when crossing
T
c. Particularly strong effects that reveal a remarkably large electron–phonon interaction have been recently observed for Hg1234 and the isomorphic material (CuC) 1234. In this article these effects, and Raman scattering related to crystal field excitations of the rare earth constituents, are reviewed.
En este artículo se discuten las acciones tomadas por la Corporación Municipal de Danlí, Honduras, ante la amenaza de un brote de cólera que se esperaba que llegase de Nicaragua en 1867. El problema ...es abordado desde la propuesta del control social de Michel Foucault, mientras que la técnica principal de análisis ha sido la problematización. Los datos han sido extraídos de fuentes primarias, en específico, de las actas municipales de la alcaldía. Se concluyó que las autoridades de Danlí aplicaron políticas excesivamente estrictas para aumentar su control sobre la población.
En este artículo se discuten las acciones tomadas por la Corporación Municipal de Danlí, Honduras, ante la amenaza de un brote de cólera que se esperaba que llegase de Nicaragua en 1867. El problema ...es abordado desde la propuesta del control social de Michel Foucault, mientras que la técnica principal de análisis ha sido la problematización. Los datos han sido extraídos de fuentes primarias, en específico, de las actas municipales de la alcaldía. Se concluyó que las autoridades de Danlí aplicaron políticas excesivamente estrictas para aumentar su control sobre la población. PALABRAS CLAVE: HONDURAS * EPIDEMIA * CONFLICTO SOCIAL * GOBIERNO MUNICIPAL * HISTORIA SOCIAL * FRONTERAS This article discusses the actions taken by the Municipal Corporation of Danlí, Honduras in the face of the threat of a cholera outbreak that was expected to come from Nicaragua in 1867. The problem is approached from the theoretical proposal of Michel Foucault's social control, while the main analysis technique is problematization. The data has been extracted from primary sources, specifically, the municipal acts of the mayor. It was concluded that the authorities of Danlí applied excessively strict policies to augment their control over the population. KEYWORDS: HONDURAS * EPIDEMICS * SOCIAL CONFLICTS * MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT * SOCIAL HISTORY * BOUNDARIES
In this paper a complete forward kinematics analysis of a general Stewart-Gough platform is performed. A new methodology to deal with the forward kinematics problem based on a multibody formulation ...is presented. An iterative algorithm is proposed and the forward kinematics using a numerical method is solved. Finally, a design of a simulator using MATLAB as programming tool is presented.
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