We report that large detectors employing xenon are a leading technology in existing and planned searches for new physics, including searches for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) and dark matter. ...While upcoming detectors will employ target masses of a ton or more, further extending gas- or liquid-phase Xe detectors to the kton scale would enable extremely sensitive next-generation searches for rare phenomena. The key challenge to extending this technology to detectors well beyond the ton scale is the acquisition of the Xe itself. We describe the motivation for extending Xe time-projection chambers to the kton scale and possible avenues for Xe acquisition that avoid existing supply chains. If acquisition of Xe in the required quantities is successful, kton-scale detectors of this type could enable a new generation of experiments, including searches for 0νββ at half-life sensitivities as long as 1030 yr.
We report that large detectors employing xenon are a leading technology in existing and planned searches for new physics, including searches for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) and dark matter. ...While upcoming detectors will employ target masses of a ton or more, further extending gas- or liquid-phase Xe detectors to the kton scale would enable extremely sensitive next-generation searches for rare phenomena. The key challenge to extending this technology to detectors well beyond the ton scale is the acquisition of the Xe itself. We describe the motivation for extending Xe time-projection chambers to the kton scale and possible avenues for Xe acquisition that avoid existing supply chains. If acquisition of Xe in the required quantities is successful, kton-scale detectors of this type could enable a new generation of experiments, including searches for 0νββ at half-life sensitivities as long as 1030 yr.
These proceedings summarize the program and discussions of the ``Workshop on
Xenon Detector $0\nu\beta\beta$ Searches: Steps Towards the Kilotonne Scale''
held on October 25-27 2023 at SLAC National ...Accelerator Laboratory. This
workshop brought together experts from the communities of neutrinoless
double-beta decay and dark matter detection, to discuss paths forward for the
realization of monolithic experiments with xenon approaching the kilotonne
scale.
Large detectors employing xenon are a leading technology in existing and planned searches for new physics, including searches for neutrinoless double beta decay (\(0\nu\beta\beta\)) and dark matter. ...While upcoming detectors will employ target masses of a ton or more, further extending gas or liquid phase Xe detectors to the kton scale would enable extremely sensitive next-generation searches for rare phenomena. The key challenge to extending this technology to detectors well beyond the ton scale is the acquisition of the Xe itself. We describe the motivation for extending Xe time projection chambers (TPCs) to the kton scale and possible avenues for Xe acquisition that avoid existing supply chains. If acquisition of Xe in the required quantities is successful, kton-scale detectors of this type could enable a new generation of experiments, including searches for \(0\nu\beta\beta\) at half-life sensitivities as long as \(10^{30}\) yr.
These proceedings summarize the program and discussions of the ``Workshop on Xenon Detector \(0\nu\beta\beta\) Searches: Steps Towards the Kilotonne Scale'' held on October 25-27 2023 at SLAC ...National Accelerator Laboratory. This workshop brought together experts from the communities of neutrinoless double-beta decay and dark matter detection, to discuss paths forward for the realization of monolithic experiments with xenon approaching the kilotonne scale.
Recently, a new technology known as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) has been developed. 1 In 1994, the use of magnetic stimulation in clinical psychiatry was suggested. 2 Since ...then, it has been used in the study or treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, conversion disorder, schizophrenia, and particularly, depression. 3 Our pilot study aimed to assess the possible adverse effects of this treatment in chronic schizophrenic patients with severe negative symptoms; to evaluate if direct RTMS of the prefrontal cortex might improve negative symptoms or cognitive impairments 4 in patients with chronic schizophrenia; and thirdly, to note if RTMS might modify the deficit in prefrontal cortical activity, often referred to as hypofrontality, long established in schizophrenia, 5 specially under conditions of task activation. Exclusion criteria included alcohol or substance abuse dependence disorder in the past 5 years, focal neurological findings, systemic neurological illness, taking cerebral metabolic activator or vasodilator medications, electroconvulsive therapy within 6 months, and significant abnormal findings on laboratory examination.
Les points chauds d’endémicité, tels que le sont les îles Canaries, sont particulièrement intéressants pour la conservation de la biodiversité. Les îles les plus occidentales des Canaries préservent ...des forêts sèches dominées par le genévrier Juniperus turbinata subsp. canariensis. Notre étude se concentre sur l’île d’El Hierro, parce qu''elle présente la plus grande extension de ce type de forêt sèche dans l’ensemble des îles Canaries. Dans ce contexte, les zones arides sont réputées pour avoir une faible biodiversité. Nous avons étudié 24 parcelles de 200 m2, pour lesquelles toutes les plantes vasculaires ont été identifiées, leur couverture et leur sociabilité ont été calculées en employant la méthodologie établie par Braun-Blanquet. Pour chaque taxon, le type biologique et la chorologie ont été précisés. Nous avons élaboré des tableaux avec l’ensemble des relevés et, afin de connaître les affinités des parcelles étudiées, nous présentons également les résultats sous forme de clusters et de dendrogrammes. Bien que la forêt de genévriers (dominée par
Juniperus turbinata subsp. canariensis) représente moins d’un dixième de la végétation naturelle, on y trouve un cinquième du total de la flore vasculaire de l’île d’El Hierro. La flore associée avec le genévrier comprend 30,6% des taxons endémiques de la région macaronésique, parmi lesquels 22,1% d’endémiques des îles Canaries, 4,6 % d’endémiques des îles Canaries et Madeira, 3,1 % d’endémiques d’El Hierro, et 0,8 % d’endémiques des îles Canaries, Madeira et Cap Vert. L’analyse de la phytodiversité des différentes parcelles étudiées reflète une très forte affinité entre les forêts sèches de genévriers des parcelles les plus basses et les forêts de genévriers des parcelles de plus haute altitude. Parmi les parcelles plus élevées, on peut différencier celles situées dans des conditions plus humides près de la forêt laurifoliée, de celles situées à proximité des forêts de Pinus canariensis en ambiances plus sèches.
Hot spots of endemicity such as the Canary Isles are of particular interest as far as conserving biodiversity is concerned. The most westerly of these oceanic islands preserve dry woodlands dominated by the Canarian juniper (Juniperus turbinata subsp. canariensis). The island of El Hierro has been studied because it conserves the biggest extension of this kind of dry forest in the Canary Islands. In this context, the arid zones are reputed as being zones that present a low biodiversity. A study of 24 plots of 200 m2 has been carried out. All the vascular taxa present have been identified, and the degree of cover and gregarianism has been calculated using the Braun-Blanquet methodology. For each one of the taxa the biological type and the chorology have been assigned. Tables with relevés have been elaborated and an analysis of clusters and dendrograms to see the affinities between the studied plots has been drawn up. Although less than a tenth part of the natural vegetation is composed of juniper woodlands dominated by Juniperus turbinata subsp.
canariensis, it contains more than a fifth of the total of wild vascular plants from the island. This flora associated with junipers contains 30,6% of the endemic taxa from the Macaronesian region. Between them it represents 22,1% of endemics from the Canary Islands, 4,6% of endemics from Canary islands and Madeira, 3,1% of endemics for El Hierro and 0,8% of endemics from the Canary, Madeira and Cape Verde islands. The analysis of phytodiversity of the different plots studied reflects a high affinity between the dry juniper woodlands from the lowlands and the others situated in more elevated places. From these we can differentiate those situated in moister conditions, which enter in contact with laurel forests on one hand, and those in close proximity with the Pinus canariensis forest, on the other.
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