Images, corresponding to various crucial imagery applications often experience stern problem of being degraded by different modalities of periodic/quasi-periodic noises. Though few periodic denoising ...algorithms address well for some specific application only, most of them fail to focus on the problem as a whole. In this article, a unified solution is presented which performs well for most of the vital non-natural imagery applications having dissimilar modalities. Initially, we divide the corrupted image into several blocks and then average those to get an averaged spatial image block. This block gets convolved with the Kaiser-Window to avoid any unnecessary artifacts followed by the spectral domain transformation. Our proposed algorithm relies on steadily decreasing characteristic of any uncorrupted natural image’s power spectra to expect a model by grossly reducing induced noise. An image feature based adaptive threshold is then applied on error spectra to precisely perceive unexpectedly high spectral amplitudes as the outliers. It is then interpolated to the actual size of the corrupted image, containing noisy spectra on which a proposed recursively adaptive notch-reject filter is applied. Extensive and detailed study of performance comparison with other state-of-the-art algorithms proves the supremacy of our proposed strategy.
The present paper deals with an approach in predicting the presence of embedded delaminations (in terms of their size, shape and location) in fibre reinforced plastic composite laminates using ...natural frequencies as indicative parameters and artificial neural network as a learning tool. Here, a 3D finite element model has been used to model 0
20 graphite/epoxy plate having an embedded delamination at the interface of two 0
10 sub-laminates. Hundreds of finite element models have been run to generate natural frequencies up to 10 modes for various combinations of size, shape and location of embedded delamination in a graphite/epoxy plate and then these data have been used to train a back propagation neural network till the network learns to an acceptable level of accuracy. The trained network has been tested to predict the presence of a delamination along with its size, shape and location from the input natural frequencies. An optimum network architecture has been established which can effectively learn the pattern. It has been observed that, the network can learn effectively about the size, shape and location of the embedded delamination present in the laminate and can predict reasonably well when tested with unknown data set.
We consider a class of inhomogeneous media known as composite media that is often encountered in experimental sciences, and investigate the persistence probability of a random walker in such a ...system. Analytical and numerical results for the crossover time scales are obtained for a composite system with two homogeneous components and three homogeneous components respectively.
•Antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction through Gd−O−Fe−O−Gd pathways.•Fe sublattice exhibits a weak ferromagnetic transition at TC ≈ 5 K.•Moderately frustrated.•Cooperative two-sublattice model ...describes magnetic and heat capacity of Gd2FeSbO7.
The pyrochlore, Gd2FeSbO7, having general formula unit A2B2O7, was chosen for magnetic and heat capacity study in this work due to presence of Fe3+ moments, whose 3d orbitals (3d5:3t2g3eg2) are half-filled and carry a large magnetic moment, at B site of the structure, and hence create additional Gd−O−Fe−O−Gd pathways, which result in strongly antiferromagnetic superexchange interactions among the Gd−Gd spins as well as for the Gd−Fe bonds. Gd2FeSbO7 behaves paramagnetic down to ~10 K with effective antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbour interactions resulting negative Curie-Weiss temperature, θCW = −12.62 K. Fe sublattice exhibits a weak ferromagnetic transition at TC ≈ 5 K. The frustration index f = |θCW|/TC becomes 2.5 indicative of moderate frustration, which may prevent Palmer-Chalker ground state configuration of Gd sublattice at lower temperature in the system. Heat capacity Cp exhibits a broad anomaly at ~3.1 K and calculated magnetic heat capacity Cm/T attains a peak at ~1 K, but is much weaker than for other pyrochlores Gd2B2O7 (B = Sn, Ti, Ge, Pt) which are all found to order at 1 K or lower, thereby reflecting a short-range second-order transition in Gd2FeSbO7. The nature of transition was also verified by Arrott plot of magnetization. Finally the magneto-thermodynamic data were analyzed on the basis of a cooperative two-sublattice model taking account of intra-sublattice (Gd−Gd and Fe−Fe) and inter-sublattice (Gd−Fe) magnetic interactions, defined by three molecular-field parameters, λGd−Gd = −0.71 T/μB, λFe−Fe = 0.87 T/μB, and λGd−Fe = −0.61 T/μB in presence of the easy-planer crystal-field anisotropy at Gd-site. Without Gd−Fe interaction, two independent interpenetrating Gd3+ and Fe3+Sb5+ sublattices can not precisely demonstrate the measured thermomagnetic properties of Gd2FeSbO7. This study thus revealed that 3d−4f magnetic interactions offer Gd2FeSbO7 a unique place in the series of gadolinium-based pyrochlores.
A field experiment was initiated in 2013 with maize-wheat cropping system to study the effect of crop residue (CR) and phosphorus (P) management on different P fractions in soil. Residue retention ...treatments, viz., no-CR, 25% CR, 50% CR, and 75% CR in main plots and P fertilizer rates, i.e., no-P, 50% recommended dose of P (RDP), 100% RDP, 150% RDP, and 50% RDP + P solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in sub-plots were laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The results of this study reveal that the surface retention of CR along with P fertilization has the potential to improve soil P fertility by increasing Olsen-P and organic P fraction. As compared to control, the aluminum bound P, iron bound P, calcium bound P, and reductant soluble P fractions in surface soil decreased from 30.3 to 27.3 mg kg
−1
, 44.7 to 31.3 mg kg
−1
, 265 to 227 mg kg
−1
, and 121 to 110 mg kg
−1
, respectively, with CR retention, while soluble and loosely bound P was increased from 6.11 to 7.64 mg kg
−1
with CR retention. The beneficial effect of P fertilizer application on soil P fertility was further enhanced with the supplementation with PSB and AM.
The nonlocal van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) has had tremendous success since its inception in 2004 due to its constraint-based formalism that is rigorously derived from a many-body ...starting point. However, while vdW-DF can describe binding energies and structures for van der Waals complexes and mixed systems with good accuracy, one long-standing criticism-also since its inception-has been that the C6 coefficients that derive from the vdW-DF framework are largely inaccurate and can be wrong by more than a factor of 2. It has long been thought that this failure to describe the C6 coefficients is a conceptual flaw of the underlying plasmon framework used to derive vdW-DF. We prove here that this is not the case and that accurate C6 coefficients can be obtained without sacrificing the accuracy at binding separations from a modified framework that is fully consistent with the constraints and design philosophy of the original vdW-DF formulation. Our design exploits a degree of freedom in the plasmon-dispersion model ωq, modifying the strength of the long-range van der Waals interaction and the crossover from long to short separations, with additional parameters tuned to reference systems. Testing the new formulation for a range of different systems, we not only confirm the greatly improved description of C6 coefficients, but we also find excellent performance for molecular dimers and other systems. The importance of this development is not necessarily that particular aspects such as C6 coefficients or binding energies are improved, but rather that our finding opens the door for further conceptual developments of an entirely unexplored direction within the exact same constrained-based nonlocal framework that made vdW-DF so successful in the first place.
To report the 52-week real-world efficacy and safety outcomes of brolucizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Indian eyes.
A retrospective, multicentre chart ...analysis of 82 eyes of 82 patients with nAMD (switch therapy: 65 eyes; treatment-naïve: 17 eyes) with 52-week follow-up data was performed. Pro-re-nata re-treatment was offered based on visual and tomographic criteria. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), central-subfield thickness (CST), and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) were the key outcome measures, coupled with the safety profile.
The mean age of the study population was 67.65 (±10.67) years, with 57 male patients (69.5%). The study's mean number of injections was 4.8 (± 0.77). After brolucizumab therapy, the BCVA improved significantly at weeks 4 (
<0.001), and maintained up to week 52 (
<0.001). The CST also reduced significantly at all the visits (Baseline: 413.6 ± 64.6 µm; 52-week: 292.37 ± 13.5 µm;
<0.001). Significantly fewer eyes demonstrated residual SRF (
<0.001) and IRF (
<0.001) at all visits, starting with week 12 and continuing until week 52. The PED resolution was significant from week 24 through week 52 (
=0.004). Each of the 82 eyes received four injections of brolucizumab, with 63.4% (52 eyes) receiving a fifth dose and only 17.1% requiring a sixth. Mild intraocular inflammation (IOI) was seen in three eyes (3.66%) that resolved conservatively. One patient (1.2%) developed mild fever that subsided with oral medications.
The 52-week BRAILLE study demonstrates that brolucizumab is effective and safe in nAMD eyes in a real-world setting. Brolucizumab treatment can reduce the therapeutic burden in patients with nAMD due to its rapid, sustained efficacy and favourable safety profile.
Recent advances in momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (MEELS) and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) now allow one to access the charge response function with unprecedented ...versatility and accuracy. This allows for the study of excitations, which were inaccessible recently, such as low-energy and finite momentum collective modes. The SU(2) theory of the cuprates is based on a composite order parameter with SU(2) symmetry fluctuating between superconductivity and charge order. The phase where it fluctuates is a candidate for the pseudogap phase of the cuprates. This theory has a signature, enabling its strict experimental test, which is the fluctuation between these two orders, corresponding to a charge 2 spin 0 mode at the charge ordering wave vector. Here, we derive the influence of this SU(2) collective mode on the charge susceptibility in both strong and weak coupling limits, and discuss its relation to MEELS, RIXS, and Raman experiments. We find two peaks in the charge susceptibility at finite energy, whose middle is the charge ordering wave vector, and discuss their evolution in the phase diagram.
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