A series of oil/water separation membranes with tunable surface wettability based on poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) were prepared via a facile one-step photopolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic ...liquids and divinylbenzene on meshes. The wettability of PIL-based membranes (PILMs) was adjusted by the structures of PILs, specifically the alkyl chain length of imidazolium (butyl and octyl) and anion species (acrylic anion, Br–, and PF6 –). Tunability of wettability resulted in the hydrophilic or hydrophobic property of PILMs. The hydrophilic poly(1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium acrylate)-based membrane (PILM-1) transported water and intercepted oil, while the hydrophobic poly(1-vinyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate)-based membrane (PILM-5) removed oil and rejected water. The two membranes with opposite wettability showed excellent oil/water separation efficiency (above 99%) in batch processes. Continuous oil/water separation was also achieved by assembling PILM-1 and PILM-5 on the fabricated devices. A T-type device could separate various oil/water mixtures continuously, and a tank-type device could separate dispersed oil/water mixtures, with a handling capacity of 46 L within 12 h.
This prospective cohort study, conducted at the Fenglin Community Health Service Center (FCHC) in Xuhui District, Shanghai, aimed to investigate the impact of maternal psychological status on ...offspring neurodevelopment.
A total of 430 mother-child pairs were included, with pregnant women enrolled between February 18, 2020, and April 19, 2021. Face-to-face interviews and electronic data collection on demographic characteristics, health conditions and medical history were employed at various stages of pregnancy and postpartum. Maternal depression and anxiety were assessed using the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales, while offspring neurodevelopment was measured at six months using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3rd Edition (ASQ-3). In statistical analyses, group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was employed to identify the latent groups for maternal psychological trajectories, including depression and anxiety, and logistic regression was used to explore associations between maternal psychological trajectories and offspring neurodevelopment, adjusting for potential confounders.
Five latent trajectory groups were identified for both depression and anxiety, exhibiting distinct patterns over time. Results indicated that maternal psychological trajectories were associated with various domains of offspring neurodevelopment, including communication, problem-solving, personal-social, and gross motor skills. Specifically, mothers in trajectory groups characterized by the highest level of depression or anxiety showed increased odds of offspring neurodevelopmental delays compared to reference groups.
Our findings underscore the importance of maternal mental health during the perinatal period and highlight the potential implications for offspring neurodevelopment. Further research is warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms and inform targeted interventions to support maternal mental well-being and optimize offspring outcomes.
•The participants are well-educated and non-smoking study population with various health indicators during pregnancy•A small percentage of participants experienced moderate or serious depression•A notable proportion of infants exhibited delays in various developmental domains•Trajectory analysis identified distinct trajectory groups associated with increased odds of developmental delays
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and food allergy (FA) increase in tandem, but the potential impact of IBD on FA remains unclear. We sought to determine the role of IBD on FA. We first ...assessed the changes of FA‐related risk factors in dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS) induced colitis mice model. Then, we evaluated the role of IBD on FA in mice. FA responses were determined using a clinical allergy score, body temperature change, serum antibody levels, cytokines level and mouse mast cell protease 1 (MMCP‐1) concentration. Accumulation of regulatory T cells was tested using flow cytometry. Intestinal changes were identified by histology, immunohistochemistry, gene expression and gut microbial community structure. In DSS‐induced colitis mice model, we found the intestinal damage, colonic neutrophil infiltration, and downregulation of splenic Th2 cytokines and Tregs in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Moreover, we also found that IBD can alleviate the FA symptoms and lead to the significant downregulation of Th2 cytokines, serum IgE and MMCP‐1. However, IBD exacerbates intestinal injury and promotes the gene expression levels of IL‐33 and IL‐5 in the small intestine, damages the intestinal tissue structure and aggravates intestinal dysbiosis in FA. IBD functions as a double‐edged sword in FA. From the perspective of clinical symptoms and humoral immune responses, IBD can reduce FA response by downregulating Th2 cytokines. But from the perspective of the intestinal immune system, IBD potentially disrupts intestinal tolerance to food antigens by damaging intestinal tissue structure and causing intestinal dysbiosis.
This Paper presents a portable dynamic ECG monitor system based on MSP430F149 microcontroller. The electrocardiogram detecting system consists of ECG detecting circuit, man-machine interaction ...module, MSP430F149 and upper computer software. The ECG detecting circuit including a preamplifier, second-order Butterworth low-pass filter, high-pass filter, and 50Hz trap circuit to detects electrocardiogram and depresses various kinds of interference effectively. A microcontroller is used to collect three channel analog signals which can be displayed on TFT LCD. A SD card is used to record real-time data continuously and implement the FTA16 file system. In the end, a host computer system interface is also designed to analyze the ECG signal and the analysis results can provide diagnosis references to clinical doctors.
Summary
Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia), a conifer‐like angiosperm with resistance to typhoon and stress tolerance, is mainly cultivated in the coastal areas of Australasia. ...C. equisetifolia, making it a valuable model to study secondary growth associated genes and stress‐tolerance traits. However, the genome sequence is unavailable and therefore wood‐associated growth rate and stress resistance at the molecular level is largely unexplored. We therefore constructed a high‐quality draft genome sequence of C. equisetifolia by a combination of Illumina second‐generation sequencing reads and Pacific Biosciences single‐molecule real‐time (SMRT) long reads to advance the investigation of this species. Here, we report the genome assembly, which contains approximately 300 megabases (Mb) and scaffold size of N50 is 1.06 Mb. Additionally, gene annotation, assisted by a combination of prediction and RNA‐seq data, generated 29 827 annotated protein‐coding genes and 1983 non‐coding genes, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the total number of repetitive sequences account for one‐third of the genome assembly. Here we also construct the genome‐wide map of DNA modification, such as two novel forms N6‐adenine (6mA) and N4‐methylcytosine (4mC) at the level of single‐nucleotide resolution using single‐molecule real‐time (SMRT) sequencing. Interestingly, we found that 17% of 6mA modification genes and 15% of 4mC modification genes also included alternative splicing events. Finally, we investigated cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin‐related genes, which were associated with secondary growth and contained different DNA modifications. The high‐quality genome sequence and annotation of C. equisetifolia in this study provide a valuable resource to strengthen our understanding of the diverse traits of trees.
Significance Statement
We constructed a high‐quality draft genome sequence of C. equisetifolia and systematically characterized 29,827 annotated protein‐coding genes and 1,983 non‐coding genes, respectively. Furthermore, we construct the genome‐wide map of DNA modification, such as two novel forms N6‐Adenine (6mA) and N4‐methylcytosine (4mC), including the genes in the regulation of lignin and cellulose. The high‐quality genome resource in this study provides valuable resources to strengthen our understanding of the diverse traits of trees.
A kind of oil/water separation membrane, combining poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) and three-dimensional (3D) wire mesh, was designed and prepared via one-step photopolymerization of an ionic liquid ...monomer 1,8-triethylene glycoldiyl-3,3′-divinylimidazolium dibromide (DVIm-(EG)3Br2) with acrylic acid in the mesh. The composite membrane (PIL@Mesh) had the advantages of anti-oil-adhesion property and high mechanical strength simultaneously. The morphology of PIL@Mesh characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Cryo-SEM demonstrated that PIL swelled in water to construct microscale 3D networks. The 3D networks of swelling PIL were capable of forming a hydration layer and endowed PIL@Mesh with superhydrophilicity, which made the membrane to transport water but to intercept oil. PIL@Mesh showed excellent separation efficiency (above 99.9%) for various oil/water mixtures, large water flux (47 L·m–2·s–1), and high intrusion pressure (1.2 kPa). Meanwhile, it performed well in recyclability and corrosion-resistant under harsh conditions, such as acid, alkaline, and salty environments.
•Both membership function classification method and principal component analysis comprehensive evaluation method can be used to evaluate the waterlogging tolerance of pumpkin resources.•Of the 27 ...pumpkin germplasm, 20 were evaluated as MWT, 4 as WT, and 1 each as HWT, WS, and HWS.•The water-resistant pumpkin can maintain the balance of reactive oxygen synthesis and removal, the membrane peroxidation degree is low, and more chlorophyll can be synthesized to resist stress.
This study used 27 Chinese pumpkin resources for the waterlogging treatment and analyzed 16 growth and physiological indicators, including plant height and stem diameter. The waterlogging-tolerant and waterlogging-sensitive pumpkin resources were selected using the membership function grading method and principal component analysis. The changes in the biochemical indicators of pumpkins under waterlogging stress were also studied. The results showed that among the 27 pumpkin resources, five were waterlogging-tolerant materials ('013-2′, 'Changyi', 'Universal female parent', '450′, and 'Changer'), two were waterlogging-sensitive materials ('063-2′ and '367-2′), and the remaining were moderately tolerant to waterlogging. Waterlogging stress increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and the contents of proline and pyruvate in pumpkins, which were higher in waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins than in waterlogging-sensitive ones. The malondialdehyde content of the waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins was lower than that of the waterlogging-sensitive ones. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activities in the root of waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins showed an upward trend, while the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity showed an initial downward trend and then upward trend. The ADH, PDC, and LDH enzyme activities of the waterlogging-sensitive pumpkins increased initially and then decreased. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids in the waterlogging-sensitive pumpkins decreased, while those of the waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins increased. Additionally, waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins could maintain a good balance between the synthesis and clearance of reactive oxygen species, with a low degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and synthesize more chlorophyll to resist waterlogging stress. The waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins mainly underwent ethanol fermentation in the early stages of waterlogging stress, followed by combined ethanol and lactic acid fermentation. However, the waterlogging-sensitive pumpkins mainly underwent lactic acid fermentation in the early stages of waterlogging stress. These findings provide a basis for the research on the waterlogging tolerance mechanism of pumpkins and the selection of the rootstock varieties of edible waterlogging-tolerant pumpkins.
Food allergy is a multifactorial interplay process influenced not only by the structure and function of the allergen itself but also by other components of the food matrix. For food, before it is ...thoroughly digested and absorbed, numerous factors make the food matrix constantly change. This will also lead to changes in the chemistry, biochemical composition, and structure of the various components in the matrix, resulting in multifaceted effects on food allergies. In this review, we reveal the relationship between the food matrix and food allergies and outline the immune role of the components in the food matrix, while highlighting the ways and pathways in which the components in the food matrix interact and their impact on food allergies. The in-depth study of the food matrix will essentially explore the mechanism of food allergies and bring about new ideas and breakthroughs for the prevention and treatment of food allergies.
Main conclusion
BrSOC1b may promote early flowering of Chinese cabbage by acting on BrAGL9 a, BrAGL9 b, BrAGL2 and BrAGL8 proteins.
SOC1 is a flowering signal integrator that acts as a key regulator ...in controlling plant flowering time. This study focuses on the cloning of the open reading frame of
SOC1b
(
BrSOC1b
, Gene ID:
Bra000393
) gene, and analyzes its structure and phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, various techniques such as vector construction, transgenic technology, virus-induced gene silencing technology, and protein interaction technology were employed to investigate the function of the
BrSOC1b
gene and its interactions with other proteins. The results indicate that BrSOC1b consists of 642 bp and encodes 213 amino acids. It contains conserved domains such as the MADS domain, K (keratin-like) domain, and SOC1 box. The phylogenetic analysis reveals that BrSOC1b shares the closest homology with BjSOC1 from
Brassica juncea
. Tissue localization analysis demonstrates that BrSOC1b exhibits the highest expression in the stem during the seedling stage and the highest expression in flowers during the early stage of pod formation. Sub-cellular localization analysis reveals that BrSOC1b is localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane. Furthermore, through genetic transformation of the
BrSOC1b
gene, it was observed that
Arabidopsis thaliana
plants expressing
BrSOC1b
flowered earlier and bolted earlier than wild-type plants. Conversely, Chinese cabbage plants with silenced
BrSOC1b
exhibited delayed bolting and flowering compared to the control plants. These findings indicate that
BrSOC1b
promotes early flowering in Chinese cabbage. Yeast two-hybrid and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses suggest that BrSOC1b may participate in the regulation of flowering by interacting with BrAGL9a, BrAGL9b, BrAGL2, and BrAGL8 proteins. Overall, this research holds significant implications for the analysis of key genes involved in regulating bolting and flowering in Chinese cabbage, as well as for enhancing germplasm innovation in Chinese cabbage breeding.
"Dual-Loop Control" of load simulator Wang Chengwen; Jiao Zongxia; Wu Shuai ...
IEEE 10th International Conference on Industrial Informatics,
2012-July
Conference Proceeding
Load simulator (LS) is a key equipment for rudder system in hardware-in-loop simulation experiment. In this paper, the present main research results of LS are reviewed. These methods are divided into ...four kinds based on their mechanism in suppressing "surplus torque/force" and their characteristics are analyzed. The mathematical model of electro-hydraulic load simulator is carried out and the source of "surplus torque" is discussed. A new strategy called "Dual-Loop Control" is proposed to meet some new challenges. Extensive simulation results by means of AMESim confirm that this control scheme results in excellent ability against disturbance, as the same time, with the advantage of simple structure and easy of application.
