The development of urbanization has brought new challenges to the ecological environment, and the promotion of green technology innovation and development is widely recognized as an essential method ...to achieve cities' economic benefits and environmental protection. This paper examines whether the new urbanization pilot policies (NUP) increase green technology innovation (GTI) from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. This paper examines the impact of new urbanization on GTI by analyzing data from 285 cities in China between 2010 and 2021, using the multi-period DID model with the implementation of NUP as an exogenous policy shock. The study results indicate that NUP significantly affects GTI, and the conclusion still holds after the parallel trend test, placebo test, and other robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the NUP significantly enhances GTI in low environmental pollution, non-resource-based, Medium-sized, and Central Region cities. The test of moderating effect shows that NUP has a "linkage effect" with the government's environmental attention, financial investment in innovation, and regional talent pooling. The findings of this paper provide empirical evidence and decision-making reference for promoting NUP and sustainable development of cities.
Coastal marine environments are one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. However, anthropogenic impacts exert significant pressure on coastal marine biodiversity, contributing to functional ...shifts in microbial communities and human health risk factors. However, relatively little is known about the impact of eutrophication-human-derived nutrient pollution-on the marine microbial biosphere.
Here, we tested the hypothesis that benthic microbial diversity and function varies along a pollution gradient, with a focus on human pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes. Comprehensive metagenomic analysis including taxonomic investigation, functional detection, and ARG annotation revealed that zinc, lead, total volatile solids, and ammonia nitrogen were correlated with microbial diversity and function. We propose several microbes, including Planctomycetes and sulfate-reducing microbes as candidates to reflect pollution concentration. Annotation of antibiotic resistance genes showed that the highest abundance of efflux pumps was found at the most polluted site, corroborating the relationship between pollution and human health risk factors. This result suggests that sediments at polluted sites harbor microbes with a higher capacity to reduce intracellular levels of antibiotics, heavy metals, or other environmental contaminants.
Our findings suggest a correlation between pollution and the marine sediment microbiome and provide insight into the role of high-turnover microbial communities as well as potential pathogenic organisms as real-time indicators of water quality, with implications for human health and demonstrate the inner functional shifts contributed by the microcommunities.
Iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis (iLTS) is a pathological condition characterized by the narrowing of the laryngeal and tracheal structures due to the formation of abnormal scar tissue. The core ...of iLTS lies in the fibrosis of the laryngotracheal tissue, and recent research has unveiled novel discoveries regarding the underlying mechanisms of fibrosis. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of fibrosis in iLTS. It encompasses various aspects, such as immune system dysregulation, changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), metabolic alterations, and the role of microbial flora. The review also explores the interplay and relationships between these new mechanisms, establishing a theoretical foundation for the development of multi-target therapies and combination therapies for iLTS.
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•The mechanisms of fibrosis in iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis (iLTS) encompass immune system dysregulation, changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), metabolic alterations, and the role of microbial flora.•Immune system dysregulation plays a significant role in iLTS-associated fibrosis, with cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and CXCR7, as well as immune cells like monocytes-macrophages, serving as key factors in this process.•The dysregulation of ECM composition, structure, stiffness, and abundance may lead to iLTS.•Metabolic alterations of iLTS can be regulated by immune system and ECM, further highlighting the complex interaction mechanisms involved in iLTS.•The formation of bacterial biofilm and the increased bacterial count, including Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are related to iLTS.
Carbon nitrides synthesized by thermal polycondensation of melamine at 700 ~C exhibit photoluminescence （PL） ranging from 400 to 650 nm. This broad PL is attributed to band to band transitions and ...bandtail transitions of lone pair （LP） states of intra-tri-s-triazine and inter-tri-s-triazine nitrogens. The proposed PL mechanism is further confirmed by diffusion reflectance spectroscopy, as well as time-resolved and temperature-dependent PL. This intense fluorescence is stable at different pH and resistant to UV exposure, suggesting that this inexpensive broadband luminescent material could be significant for white- light-emitting （WLE） applications. Thus, quasi-WLE films and membranes with designed patterns are fabricated by embedding the carbon nitrides into polymethyl methacrylate. Moreover, even broader PL （400 to 740 nm） is acquired in com- posite films composed of carbon nitrides, further suggesting that the carbon nitrides are robust candidates for WLE.
IntroductionDepression and anxiety are common mental health disorders among adolescents and negatively impact their physical and mental health. Depression and anxiety also exert a tremendous economic ...burden to society. But in China, there is no systematic review to state the exact prevalence of adolescent depression and anxiety; there is also a lack of systematic reviews of factors that influence depression and anxiety. Hence, in this systematic review, we aim to summarise the current evidence of the prevalence of and factors influencing depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents.Methods and analysisThis protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. We will comprehensively search four English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL in EBSCO interface, PsycINFO in ProQuest interface) and three Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang and SinoMed) for studies from inception to 31 August 2022. Screening for eligible studies and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers independently, and all discrepancies will be resolved through group discussion.Ethics and disseminationBecause this is a review of published studies, no ethical approval is required. The results will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022299943.
High gas permeance and particle interception efficiency are critical for the performance of dust filtration membrane, which requires the membrane to have higher porosity support and ultrathin ...separation layer. In this work, Al-DTPA (aluminium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) microfibers were prepared as the sacrificial intermediate layer to bridge the gaps between the large pore support for ameliorating the infiltration of the suspension in the membrane preparation process. The temporary Al-DTPA constructed layer was subsequently removed via calcination, which has few effects on decreasing the combine force of support and separation layer. An ultrathin SiC membrane with its thick of ~100 μm and pore size of 2–5 μm was successfully prepared on the SiC support with a pore size of 30 μm. The preparation and defect formation mechanism were analyzed by investigating the formula and the preparation process. The resulting asymmetric, transition layer-free, defect-free SiC membrane exhibited excellent gas permeance (240–277 m3 m−2 h−1·kPa−1) and dust interception efficiency (99.8%) for particles less than 0.5 μm. The successful fabrication of this transition layer-free and defect-free asymmetric membrane enable the use of mismatched particle size between the support and separation layer, which may provide a new route for the preparation of high-performance gas-solid separation ceramic membranes.
•Draw from architecture formwork construction method for SiC membrane preparation.•Al-DTPA microfiber as the sacrificial formwork to bridge the gap of the support.•Sintering to remove formwork and obtain the transition layer-free SiC membrane.•The SiC membrane has excellent fine dust removal efficiency with high gas permeance.
We established a relationship among the immune-related genes, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), and immune checkpoints in patients with osteosarcoma. The gene expression data for osteosarcoma ...were downloaded from UCSC Xena and GEO database. Immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected to calculate the risk score. "Estimate" was used for immune infiltrating estimation and "xCell" was used to obtain 64 immune cell subtypes. Furthermore, the relationship among the risk scores, immune cell subtypes, and immune checkpoints was evaluated. The three immune-related genes (TYROBP, TLR4, and ITGAM) were selected to establish a risk scoring system based on their integrated prognostic relevance. The GSEA results for the Hallmark and KEGG pathways revealed that the low-risk score group exhibited the most gene sets that were related to immune-related pathways. The risk score significantly correlated with the xCell score of macrophages, M1 macrophages, and M2 macrophages, which significantly affected the prognosis of osteosarcoma. Thus, patients with low-risk scores showed better results with the immune checkpoints inhibitor therapy. A three immune-related, gene-based risk model can regulate macrophage activation and predict the treatment outcomes the survival rate in osteosarcoma.
Background Congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) is uncommon congenital abnormality, and the optimal definitive treatment has not yet been established. The aim of the present study was to ...comparatively evaluate patients with CPSF regarding the indications and outcomes of treatment with open surgical excision (OSE) vs. endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation (RA), and the advantages of both therapeutic procedures were also analyzed. Methods An observational, longitudinal, retrospective, analytical and comparative study was conducted on 166 consecutive pediatric patients with CPSF treated at Shanghai Children's Hospital between December 2018 and September 2023. Results In this study, there were 79 males and 87 females. The median age at operation was 4.8 years (8 days to 15 years). OSE and Endoscopic RA were respectively performed in 48 and 118 children. The gastric tube retention time after RA was longer (3 days vs. 14 days) than after OSE. Patients with a history of incision and drainage (I&D) tended to choose OSE (75.0% vs. 39.0%, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and recurrence rates between these two groups ( P > 0.05), but the hospitalization duration was shorter for RA group compared to OSE group 2 (2–3) vs. 4 (3–5), P < 0.01. Conclusions Both OSE and RA are recognized as first-line treatment options for CPSF, which show no significant differences in prognosis, except hospitalization duration and the gastric tube retention time. Nevertheless, the indications for OSE and RA differ, which are influenced by factors such as the inflammatory stage, specific typing, previous treatments, and the surgeon's expertise. The selection of surgical approach should be carefully determined based on individual circumstances.
In the western region of China, coal mining activities are prone to induce water and sand inrush disasters, which seriously threaten the safe production of the coal resources. In this paper, an ...experimental device was designed to simulate the process of water and sand inrush, and then, the control factors of the disasters in the broken rock mass in the goaf were investigated. Also, the seepage fracture channels in the broken rock mass were simplified by using the 3D printing technology, and the effects of fracture aperture and angle on the seepage characteristics of water-sand mixtures were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the porosity and skeleton structure of the broken rock mass were the key factors to control the water and sand inrush disasters. The smaller the initial porosity of the broken rock mass, the weaker its permeability, and the less probable to form a dominant channel for the water and sand inrush disasters. Conversely, the broken rock mass structure with larger size gradation was more likely to form the permeable channels, and the quality of the sand inrush was greater. In addition, it was also found that the angle of the fractures within the broken rock mass affected the seepage characteristics of water-sand mixture, and the permeability showed an exponential relationship with the fracture angle. Meanwhile, as the fracture aperture increased, the fracture angle generated greater influence on the permeability. Finally, we proposed the water and sand inrush prevention and control technology based on the experiment results. The results of this study can provide a reference for the control of water and sand inrush disasters in western China.
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