A novel algorithm is proposed to identify the parameters of a synchronous dual-drive ball screw gantry system in this paper. The modeling of the gantry system is described in this paper, and dynamic ...equations are used to derive the relationship from the motor to the coupling mechanism. The modeling results are used to design the algorithm used to identify the model parameters. The proposed algorithm uses two disturbance observers (DOB) to identify the parameters for the coupling mechanism and sliding stages. The sinusoidal position and velocity commands for the proposed identification algorithm are relatively smooth to avoid damaging the mechanism. The proposed method is easy to implement in the position control loop and velocity control loop. Finally, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed DOBs can accurately estimate the parameters for a gantry system, and the estimated results can be further used to design a corresponding controller for the gantry stage.
There is a considerable amount of evidence in the literature that children engage in a wide range of sexual behaviors before puberty. How early childhood educators (ECEs) respond to children’s ...interpersonal sexual behaviors (ISBs) is especially important during the early childhood stage not only due to their roles as educators, but also protector due to their legal obligation to report suspected cases of child sexual abuse. Considering the pivotal responsibilities ECEs have in addressing ISBs, it becomes imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences they encounter in managing such behaviors. Surprisingly, the current body of research provides limited insights into how ECEs respond to children’s ISBs. To address this gap, the present study aims to explore these topics by conducting a qualitative investigation to examine the experiences of Taiwanese ECEs who encountered ISBs among children and how they responded to these behaviors. Four themes emerged from an analysis of the stories shared by 36 ECEs: (1) being silent versus supporting children’s healthy sexuality development, (2) protect yourself versus respect others, (3) punishments versus exploring strategies to address children’s ISBs and (4) insensitivity to boundaries and bodily autonomy. This study provides guidelines for understanding the experiences of Taiwanese ECEs who encounter children’s ISBs and contributes to the training needs of ECEs about children’s sexuality development.
This paper investigates the problem of a divisible nonlinear load distribution on homogeneous complete b -ary tree networks. Classic models of nonlinear computational loads omit several steps in ...processing the load and yield only an approximate distribution for fractional loads. This paper considers a new model of nonlinear computational loads that includes all load processing steps and yields a practical solution to distribute fractional loads. Two algorithms to distribute a divisible nonlinear load on homogeneous complete b -ary tree networks are proposed. Closed-form expressions for the parallel processing time and speed-up for complete b -ary trees are also derived. This paper demonstrates that the asymptotic speed-up of the proposed algorithms is the number of processors in a multicomputer system. The proposed algorithms improved the classic algorithm in terms of speed-up.
The C-type lectin member 5A (CLEC5A) is a pattern recognition receptor for members of the Flavivirus family and has critical functions in response to dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus. ...Here we show that CLEC5A is involved in neutrophil extracellular trap formation and the production of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in response to Listeria monocytogenes. Inoculation of Clec5a
mice with L. monocytogenes causes rapid bacterial spreading, increased bacterial loads in the blood and liver, and severe liver necrosis. In these mice, IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF expression is inhibited, CCL2 is induced, and large numbers of CD11b
Ly6C
CCR2
CX3CR1
inflammatory monocytes infiltrate the liver. By day 5 of infection, these mice also have fewer IL-17A
γδ T cells, severe liver necrosis and a higher chance of fatality. Thus, CLEC5A has a pivotal function in the activation of multiple aspects of innate immunity against bacterial invasion.The lectin receptor CLEC5A is a pattern recognition receptor that has been shown to detect dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus. Here the authors show that CLEC5A is needed for optimal ROS production, NET formation and other immune responses to Listeria monocytogenes in mice.
The problem of scheduling malleable tasks with precedence constraints is one of the most important strongly NP-hard problems, given m identical processors and n tasks. A malleable task is one that ...runs in parallel on a varying number of processors. In addition, the processing sequences of tasks are constrained by the precedence constraints. The goal is to find a feasible schedule that minimizes the makespan (maximum completion time). This article presents an iterative method for improving the performance ratio of scheduling malleable tasks. The proposed algorithm achieves an approximation ratio of 4.4841 after 2 iterations. This improves the so far best-known factor of 4.7306 due to Jansen and Zhang. For a large number of iterations (> 100), the approximation ratio of the proposed algorithm is tends toward 2 + √2 ≈ 3.4143.
Programming is considered a skill to arouse and inspire learner's potential. Learning to program is a complex process that requires students to write grammar and instructions. The structure of a ...programming language does not cause impose problems to students, the real obstacle is how to apply these learned grammars and present them in a complete and correct program code for problem solving. In this study, a deep learning recommendation system was developed, which includes augmented reality (AR) technology, and learning theory, and is provided for study by students in non-major and also from different learning backgrounds. Those students divided into two groups, the students participating in the experimental group were using the AR system with deep learning recommendation and the students participating in the control group were using the AR system without deep learning recommendation. The results show that students in experimental group perform better than the control group with regards to learning achievement. On the other hand, in the part of computational thinking ability, students using a deep learning recommendation based AR system is significantly better than those using non-deep learning recommendation based AR system. Among the various dimensions of computational thinking, creativity, logical computing, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills are significantly different among the two groups of students. The students in experimental group perform better than the control group with regards to the dimensions of computational thinking, creativity, logical computing, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.
Commercially available thermoelectric modules are useful devices to recover low-temperature waste heat for power generation. To understand the characteristics of power generation from thermoelectric ...modules (TEMs), the performances of TEMs at various flow patterns, heating temperatures, flow rates of water and numbers of modules in series are studied experimentally. The results show that the effects of flow pattern of heat sink and water flow rate on the performance are not significant, but the heat source or heating temperature plays an important role. Therefore, a lower water flow rate is suggested to save power, whereas a higher hot-side temperature which leads to a larger temperature difference is recommended to give better performances of TEMs. Increasing number of modules in series provide higher output power. However, the performance of the modules in series cannot be simply predicted using linear superposition due to the Peltier effect and the non-uniformity of every module. The feature of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) is also examined and compared with the TEMs. It is found that TEM is a better choice for power generation from recovering waste heat if the temperature of a system is below 150 °C.
Ultrasound techniques have been extensively employed for diagnostic purposes. Because of its features of low cost, easy access, and noninvasive real-time imaging, toward clinical practice it is ...highly anticipated to simply use diagnostic ultrasound to concurrently perform imaging and therapy. We report a H2O2-filled polymersome to display echogenic reflectivity and reactive oxygen species-mediated cancer therapy simply triggered by the microultrasound diagnostic system accompanied by MR imaging. Instead of filling common perfluorocarbons, the encapsulation of H2O2 in H2O2/Fe3O4–PLGA polymersome provides O2 as the echogenic source and •OH as the therapeutic element. On exposure to ultrasound, the polymersome can be easily disrupted to yield •OH through the Fenton reaction by reaction of H2O2 and Fe3O4. We showed that malignant tumors can be completely removed in a nonthermal process.
Light‐controlled: Biodegradable nanoparticles encapsulating an anticancer drug (red dots in picture) have been synthesized that carry photocaged folate groups on the surface. Upon irradiation the ...photocaging group (green) is removed and the free folate group, a tumor‐homing agent, binds to folate receptors on cell surfaces, thus leading to specific targeting and cellular uptake.
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and its variants are often used to train and optimize the structure and parameters of deep learning models to improve accuracy of learning results in the reasonable ...time-consuming. The performance of PSO is completed determined by its kinetic equation of particles. To accelerate convergence rate, a novel kinetic equation without inertial term is devised and applied to PSO, and then a non-inertial opposition-based particle swarm optimization (NOPSO) is generated combined with a adaptive elite mutation strategy and generalized opposition-based learning strategy. Simulation Experimental results show that the new kinetic equation has effectively accelerated convergence rate of PSO. Meanwhile, Theoretical analysis of the new kinetic equation is carried out by order-2 difference recurrence equation, the inference conclusions of which are consistent with the results of simulation experiments. NOPSO algorithm with a new kinetic equation is a highly competitive algorithm compared with some state-of-art PSOs and is suitable for deep learning applications.
•A novel velocity equation formula(NIV) inspired by human behavior is devised.•Theoretical analysis of NIV is carried out and proves its validity.•A non-intertial opposition-based PSO algorithm(NOPSO) with NIV is proposed.
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